影响热泵COP的因素与节能途径分析

:10050329(2007)01006405影响热泵COP的因素与节能途径分析1,1,2,2(1.,230027;2.,230031):,COP,COP,:;;:TQ051.5:AAnalysisofFactorsInfluencingtheCOPofHeatpumpandEnergysavingMethodsCHENZeshao1,JIANGBin1,SHIMin2,FANGaoding2(1.UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,Hefei230027,China;2.HefeiGeneralMachineryResearchInstitute,Hefei230031,China)Abstract:ManyfactorsinfluencingtheCOPofacompressiontypeheatingheatpumpwereanalyzedbasedonthelossoftheenergy.Thechangesofenergyefficiencycausedbythefactorswereshownbytheexamples,andsomeenergysavingmethodswerediscussed.Its'usefultodesignahighefficiencyheatpump.Keywords:heatpump;energyefficiency;energysaving111:Q1,w,Q2:Q1+w-Q=Q2(1)Q2w1,,TT0(1-T0/T2),T(1):1-T0T2(2)(2):(3):u=Euw=(1-T0T2)COP=(1-T0T2)(+1-a)(3)u1,,QhQ2,:2006041364FLUIDMACHINERYVol35,No1,2007:Eu,QhEuQ2Qh(4):(1-u),COP(5)COPCOPmax=1/(1-T0T2)=T2T2-T0(4)2COP2.1传热温差的影响,,,,Th,Tc,Th(T2Th),Tc(T0Tc)Th,Tc,COP:COPT=ThTh-Tc=T2+ThT2+Th-(T0-Tc)=T2+ThT2-T0+(Th+Tc)(5)T0=283.15K,T2=323.15K,Th=Tc,COPTTc22COP10!,4!,,COP6.06,Q2=COPTw:u=COPTCOPmax=(T2+Th)(T2-T0)[T2-T0+(Th+Tc)]T2(6)310!,4!,0.75032.2实际工质与逆卡诺循环的差别(1)4,:12,3,4,14(a)ph,;4(b)Ts,,(a)ph(b)Ts4phTs41,279.15K,652007351327.15K,[1]1122∀2#344#p(MPa)0.49792.1762.1761.582.1760.49790.4979T(K)273.15353.15328.15328.15328.15273.15273.15h(kJ/kg)404.6442.0416.74431.5270.17270.17264.1s[kJ/(kg∃K)]1.7491.7491.67531.7491.22841.25191.2284,,:w=h2-h1=37.4(kJ/kg)(7):Q=h2-h3=171.83(kJ/kg)(8)COP:COP=Qw=4.59(9)u:u=(1-T0/T2)COP=0.570(10)(2)412#2∀34#,12#,2#2∀,2∀3,34#,4#1,::w#=h2#-h1=26.9(kJ/kg)(11):Q#=h2#-h3=161.3(kJ/kg)(12)COP:COP=Q#w#=6.00(13)u:u=Euw=(1-T0T2)COP=0.744(14)(3):Qg=h2-h2∀=25.3(kJ/kg)(15):w=w2-w2#=10.5(kJ/kg)(16)COP:COPg=Qg/w=2.41(17)COPCOP,(4),:Qj=T4(s4-s4#)=6.419(kJ/kg)(18)(5)22(kJ/kg)(kJ/kg)COPuCOP171.8337.44.590.5700.765161.325.36.000.7441.02.3电机流运动中不可逆因素的影响,,,,,:(1),;(2),;(3),,52.3.1,,,10!,0.02MPa,0.03MPa,10!,:1b%2b%3%4%1b366FLUIDMACHINERYVol35,No1,2007311b22b2b#34p(MPa)0.49790.47792.1762.4762.4762.1760.4979T(K)273.15283.15353.15373.15382.15328.15273.15h(kJ/kg)404.6412442.0458465.8270.17270.17s[kJ/(kg∃K)]1.7491.781.7491.781.811.22841.2519(a)p-h(b)T-s5:wF=h2b-h1b=46(kJ/kg)(19):Q=h2b-h3=187.3(kJ/kg)(20)COP:COP=Qw=4.07(21)u:u=Euw=(1-T0T2)COP=0.505(22)2.3.2win,wF,p=0.95,d=0.90,d,,,,:win=wF(dp)(23),52b2b#,1bp2b2b,1b2bh1bh2bwF,(20)win,h2b#,2b#,::win=wF(dp)=53.8(kJ/kg)(24)h2b#=h1b+win=465.8(kJ/kg)(25):Q2=h2b#-h3=195.7(kJ/kg)(26)COP:COP=Q2win=3.64(27):u=(1-T0T2)COP=0.451(28)51b%2b#%3%4%1bCOP3.64,COP4.5920.7%2.4过冷法提高热泵COPCOP:Q=h3-h3a(29)h3a,8!,h3a=258.7(kJ/kg):Q2=h2b#-h3a=207.1(kJ/kg)(30)COP:672007351COP=Q2win=3.85(31):u=(1-T0T2)COP=0.477(32):Q=h3-h3a=11.5(kJ/kg)(33)6.7%2.5最终结果与分析结果汇总44(kJ/kg)171.83187.3195.7207.1(kJ/kg)37.446.053.853.8COP8.086.064.594.073.643.85u1.00.750.5700.5050.4510.4773COPCOP,:650!COP,6,,64COPu,,:(1),(2),(3),,,(4),;,[2,3],1,,,,[1].[M].,1983.366371.[2].,,.[J],,2004,(4):5459.[3],[P].:02116049.X,2002,12.:(1943),,,:2300279668FLUIDMACHINERYVol35,No1,2007