情态动词推测用法

UnitFourGrammarModalVerbs情态动词原形过去式词义同义词组cancould能够beabletomaymight可以也许hastohavetomustmust(hadto)必须musthavetohadto不得不主要用于否定，疑问句中hadbetterhadbetter最好needneeded需要daredared敢于shallshould应该oughttowillwould愿意oughttooughtto应该should情态动词的种类must,might,may,can,could1.TheyholdaclassmeetingeveryMonday.(astatementoffact)2.TheymightholdaclassmeetingeveryMonday.(themodalverbmightexpressesapossibility)3.TheycannotholdaclassmeetingeveryMonday.(themodalverbcannotmeansthatitisnotpossibleforthestudentstohaveaclassmeetingnextMonday.)4.Theymusthaveheldaclassmeetingyesterday.(themodalverbmusthavedonemeansthatthespeakerbelievestheyalmostcertainlyheldaclassmeetingyesterday.)e.g.1.Hecan’tbethere.Iwastherejustafewminutesago.2.Hemustbewritinghispapersinthereadingroom.3.FewpeoplemayhaveevenheardofVanGogh.4.VanGoghcouldn’thavepaintedthis—it’stoonew.5.VanGoghworkedinanartdealer’scompany,buthemusthavedislikedit,becauseheleft.情态动词must,may,might,can,could还有表示推测的用法对当前一般情况的推测：must+be+名词/短语/形容词may/might+be+名词/短语/形容词用于肯定句can/could(not)+be+名词/短语/形容词用于否或疑A:Canthisnewsbetrue?B:Yes,itmustbetrue.C:No,itcan’tbetrue.D:Yes,itmaybetrue,Ithink.(Probablyitistrue.)用于肯或否情态动词表示推测：对现在（或将来）的动作(状态)的推测：主语+情态动词+动词原形1.Theyoungladystandingtherewithabookinherhandmustbeournewteacher.2.Theyounggirlcan’tbeournewchairman.3.Can/Couldthenewsbetrue?4.Theyoungladymay/mightbeournewsecretary.Practice:1.因为他和Paul长得很象，所以人们认为他肯定是Paul的兄弟。AshelookslikePaulsomuch,peoplethinkhemustbePaul’sbrother.2.既然老师现在不在办公室，那她有可能在教室。Sincetheteacherisnotintheofficenow,shemaybeintheclassroom.3.从他的表情来判断，他刚才所说的话不可能是真的。Judgingfromhisexpression,whathesaidjustnowcan’tbetrue.A:Whatcanmyfatherbedoing?B:Hemustbeworkingattentivelynow.Don’tdisturbhim.（Probablyheisworking.）对正在发生的情况的推测：must+bedoing肯定正在做某事may/might+bedoing也许正在做某事can/could(not)+bedoing不可能正在做某事1.Theymustbearguing.ButIaminterestedinwhattheycouldbearguing?2.Hecan’tbereadingintheroom,forIsawhiminthestreetjustnow.3.隔壁房间很吵，他们肯定正在为他们的女儿举行生日party。Asitisnoisyinthenextroom,theymustbehavingabirthdaypartyfortheirdaughter.4.雨下得那么大，他们还会在等我们吗？Sinceitisrainingsoheavily,cantheystillbewaitingforus?5.他不可能正在打篮球，他肯定在教室。Hecan’tbeplayingbasketball,sohemustbeintheclassroom.e.g.1:A:HasTomarrived?B:No,hemayhavemissedthebus.(Probablyhemissedthebus.)e.g.2:A:Hasshegotthenews?B:Ithinkshecan’haveheardityet.(Probablyshehasn’theardit.)对已经发生的情况或是发生过的事的推测：must+havedone肯定已经做过某事may/might+havedone也许已经做过某事can/could(not)+havedone不可能已经做过某事情态动词表示推测：对过去事实的推测：主语+情态动词+have+过去分词1.Hecouldn’thavewatchedTVyesterdayforheknewtheywouldhaveanexam.Hemusthavegoneoverhislessons.2.Thatmighthavemadehimlaugh.3.Theroadisn’twet.Itcannothaverainedyesterday.4.Idon’tknowwhyshedidn’tcallmeyesterday.Couldshehaveforgottenmytelephonenumber?Eg1:Hemusthavebeenwritingalonglettertohismotherashehasbeenawayfromhomeforsixmonths.Eg2:Theycan’thavebeenwaitingintherainforsolongtime.对过去正在发生的情况或是一直持续发生的事情（现在完成进行式）的推测：must+havebeendoing肯定一直在做某事may/might+havebeendoing也许一直在做某事can/could(not)+havebeendoing不可能一直在做某事1.表示劝告和推测，译为“应该”It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jackshouldbehereatanymoment.Ifhehadhadthemoney,heshouldhaveboughtit.(虚拟语气）oughtto和should的用法：2.表示责怪，批评（应该做的事情没做）Theboysshouldn’tbeplayingfootball.Theyshouldbeatschool.Youshouldhavegoneoveryourlessons.I’mfeelingsick.Ishouldn’thaveeatensomuchicecream.你上周就应该把你的作文交给老师的。Yououghttohavehandedintheyourcompositionlastweek.昨天我本来应该送她回家的。但我那时太忙了，没有那么做。Ishouldhavetakenherhomeyesterday.ButIwastoobusythen.Ididn’tdothat.e.g.A:Didyoupasstheexam.B:No,Ishouldhavestudiedharder.本来应该做某事，（事实上却没有做）shouldn’thavedoneoughtnottohavedone本来不应该做某事，（事实上却做了）shouldhavedoneoughttohavedone用于对过去的一种婉转的责备:needhavedonesth.本来需要做某事，（但事实上没有做）needn’thavedonesth.本来不需要做某事，（但事实上却做了）1.Itseemedthatyouneedhavecheckedyourexaminationpapermorecarefully2.Thetrainstationisclosetous.Youneednothavehurriedthereearly.情态动词的几种常见形式：must+be+名词/短语/形容词对现在的一种状态的肯定推测may/might+be+名词/短语/形容词对现在的一种状态的大概推测can/could(not)+be+名词/短语/形容词对现在的一种状态的否定推测mustbedoing/can’tbedoingsth.对现在正在做的长动作的一种肯定/否定推测情态动词的几种常见形式：musthavedonesth.肯定已经做了某事（对过去的一种非常肯定的推测）can/couldnothavedonesth.不可能已经做了某事（对过去的一种否定推测）may/might(not)havedonesth.也许已经做了某事（对过去的一种大概推测）情态动词的几种常见形式：should/oughttohavedonesth.本来应该做某事而没有做(表示一种责备语气)shouldnot/oughtnottohavedonesth.本来不应该做某事而做了(表示一种责备语气)needhavedonesth.本来需要做某事而没有做(表示一种责备语气)needn’thavedonesth.本来不需要做某事而做了(表示一种责备语气)1.We___lastnight,butwewenttotheconcertinstead.Nowonderwefailedinthequizthismorning.AmusthavestudiedBmightstudyCshouldhavestudiedDwouldstudy2.Jenny__havekeptherword.Iwonderwhyshechangedhermind.AmustBshouldCneedDwould3.Michale__beapoliceman,forhe’smuchtooshort.Aneedn’tBcan’tCshouldDmay4.MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,sohe___yourlecture.Acouldn’thaveattendedBneedn’thaveattendedCmustn’thaveattendedDshouldn’thaveattended5.Igotupearlythatmorning,butI______sobecauseIhadnoworktodo.Amustn’thavedoneBdidn’tneedtodoCneedn’thavedoneDcan’thavedone.6.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,__________?7.HemusthavebeentoHongKong,forheknowsalot,_________?8.Youmustbeawriter,_______?Amustn’tyouBareyouCmustyouDaren’tyoudidn’tithasn’the