情态动词用法小结

情态动词学习目标：理解并掌握情态动词的意义；正确区分易混情态动词的用法情态动词表示推测不表示推测4组）can/could,may/might,shall/should,will/would4对）haveto,hadbetter,oughtto,usedto3个）must,need,dare①must②need③should情态动词表必要性①WemustlearnEnglishwell.②Ifyoumustgo,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.③Thenewlawstatesthatpeoplemustn’tdriveafterdrinkingalcohol.必须偏偏;非要禁止；不允许【2012全国】I________useaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo'clockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse.A.couldn'tB.mustn'tC.shouldn'tD.needn'tneed表需要和必须常用于否定句和疑问句dare“敢”…用于肯定、否定和疑问句中情态needn’tdoNeed…?daredodaren’tdoDare…do?实义needtododon’tneedtodoDo…needtodo?daretododon’tdaretodoDare…todo?don’tneedtodoshould“应该”表示劝告、建议、命令Youshouldkeepyourpromise.Youshouldgoandvisithimthisafternoon.Ican’tbelievesuchagentlemanshouldbesorudetotheold.should“理应”“情理之中”--WhenshallIcomeandgetmyphotos?--Theyshouldbereadyat2:00tomorrowafternoon.“居然，竟然”1.Ican/amabletoswim.2.Icould/wasabletoclimbatreewhenIwasachild.3.Iwillbeabletoswimnextweek.4.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryonewasabletogetout.1.can表示现在的能力2.could表示过去的能力3.beableto表能力，可用于多种时态4.beableto强调成功地做了某事情态动词表能力•shall•will、would情态动词表请求、允许1.征求意见（1，3人称）疑问句Shallwegobytrain,Mom?Shallhesithere?2.允诺、警告、命令或威胁等（2，3人称）陈述句--IsBlakestillabsentfromclass?--Ithinkheshallbepunishedifhegoesonwithit.3.条约，规定Oneofourrulesisthateverystudentshallwearschooluniformwhileatschool.law;rule;regulationHeusedtobeaquietboy.(usedto着重与现在的对比)Hewouldgototheseasideasachild.(would只表示过去某段时间经常做某事，不涉及现在的情况)will/would2.表示个人主观意愿。Comewheneveryouwill.Dayslater,mybrothercalledtosayhewasallright,butwouldn’tsaywherehewas.Shewouldgetupearlylastyear.“过去常常”1.用于向第二人称，征求对方意见。Would/Willyoupleaseopenthedoor?couldhavedoneshould/oughttohavedoneshouldn’thavedoneneedn’thavedonemusthavedonemight/mayhavedonecan’thavedone情态动词+havedone本可以做…；可能…了本该做，而没做…本不该做，而做了…We______haveboughtsomuchfoodnowthatSuziewon’tbewithusfordinner.We________________thedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoutellme?注:mustn’thavedone/canhavedone英语中无此结构needn’tcouldhavefaced一定做了…吧(表推断)可能做了…吧(表推断)不必要做却做了….不可能做了….(表推断)-I’msorry.I___atyoutheotherday.-Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself.A.shouldn’tshoutB.shouldn’thaveshoutedC.mustn’tshoutD.mustn’thaveshouted1.---Listen!Someoneisknockingatthedoor.---It____beMary;shehasjustleftforGuangzhou.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.maynot2.---Ican’tfindmypurseanywhere.---You_____havelostitwhileshopping.A.mayB.canC.needD.would1.It’snearlyeighto’clock.Imusthangupandgetdowntowork.Myboss____________behereatanymoment.2.It’s10pm.She__________beathomenow.shouldshouldItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit_____berathercoldsometimes.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would（用于肯定句表示“一时的可能”--偶尔；有时）Thechildrenmusthavewateredthetomatoesyesterday,_______they﹖TheministermusthavearrivedinShanghai,_______hehe﹖didn’thasn’tYoucan’tbeserious,_____you?are拓展1.【2012湖南】Sorry，Iamtoobusynow.IfI_____time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.had2.【2012安徽】Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe____there,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.A.livesB.wouldliveC.haslivedD.weretolive3.【2012天津】WewouldhavecalledataxiyesterdayifHarold______usaridehome.A.didn’tofferB.wouldn’tofferC.hasn’tofferedD.hadn’tofferedlived;shouldlive【2012浙江】19.Hadtheyknownwhatwascomingnext,they_____secondthoughts.A.mayhaveB.couldhaveC.musthavehadD.mighthavehad_____Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.A.WasB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.Were_____theEnglishexamination,IwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.A.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor【2012福建】31.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe_____moreplacesofinterestyesterday.A.visitedB.hadvisitedC.wouldvisitD.wouldhavevisitedTheEnd（三）几种特殊的虚拟语气熟读深思1.IwishIhadbeenwithyouyesterday.要是我昨天跟你们在一起就好了。2.IwishIcouldflylikeabird.但愿我能像鸟一样飞。3.IfonlyIcouldflylikeabird.要是我能像鸟一样能飞就好了。4.LiMingspeaksEnglishasifhewereanAmerican.李明讲英语就像一个美国人。5.Itistimethatwemade/shouldmakeadecision.是我们作出决定的时候了。6.Itisstrangethathe(should)haveactedtowardhisparentslikethat.真奇怪他竟然那样对他父母。necessary/important/essential等—MustIfinishallassignmentsatatime?—Yes,youmust.No,youneedn't/don’thaveto.Therewasnomorebus.Theywalkhome.hadtomust强调客观需要虚拟语气虚拟语气一利用(should)+do虚拟的结构1.一坚持：insist*二命令：order,command三建议:advise,suggest*,recommend四要求:require,request,demand,urge与上述词有关的名词性从句均利用should虚拟(1.)Isuggestthatwe（should）setoffatonceMysuggestionisthat…..Mysuggestionthat…..iswelcomed.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe_______ill.(2.)Theboyinsistedthathe________stolenthemoney,andthathe_____________setfree.hadn’tshouldbewas2.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法在Itisnecessary/important/strange/natural/funnysurprising/that…；等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形。如：Itisnecessarythathe（should）besentthereatonce．二通过时态虚拟的结构1.虚拟语气用于非真实条件句条件从句主句与现在事实相反Ifsb.+过去式（be的过去式是were）sb.+would(should,could,might)+动词原形与过去事实相反Ifsb.+haddonesb.+would(should,could,might)+havedone与将来事实可能相反Ifsb.+A.过去式B.weretodoC.should+动词原形sb.+would(should,could,might)+动词原形1.【2012湖南】Sorry，Iamtoobusynow.IfI_____time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.had2.【2012安徽】Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe____there,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften