您好,欢迎访问三七文档
当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 资本运营 > 初一英语语法(新东方)
自编初中英语复习资料Wherethereisawill,thereisaway辅导老师:李旭-1-1初一英语语法Unit1名词英语的十大词类词类英语名称作用例词名词Noun(n.)表示人或事物的名称pencake形容词Adjective(a.)表示人或事物的特征badsmall副词Adverb(ad.)修饰动词、形容词或其它副词veryquickly动词Verbs表示动作或状态studybe代词Pronouns(pron.)代替名词、数词等theyone数词Numerals(num.)表示数量或顺序fiveten冠词Articles(art.)限制名词的意义aanthe介词Prepositions(prep.)表示名词、代词和其它词的关系inforof连词Conjunction(conj.)连结词与词或句与句andbecause感叹词Interjection(interj.)表示说话时的感情或口气ohhey名词的种类专有名词国名、地点、人名等America美国,Shanghai上海,theGreatWall长城,Jenney(珍妮)团体、机构的名称等theUnitedNations联合国,theCommunistPartyofChina中国共产党普通名词可数名词个体名词doctor医生,teacher老师,orange桔子,desk课桌集合名词Police警察,people人民,family家庭,army军队class同学不可数名词抽象名词Time时间fun玩笑,kindness善意,idea主意,youth青春,love爱,knowledge知识动名词studyingdoingswimming物质名词rice大米,water水,fire火,air空气1.therearebythelakea.twoGermanb.twoGermenc.twoGermansd.twogermans2.September10thisa.Teacher’sDayb.Teachers’Dayc.teacher’sDayd.Teacher’sday3.Whereareyoufrom?——I’mfroma.Americab.Americanc.americad.anAmerica4.Thereissomeontheplate自编初中英语复习资料Wherethereisawill,thereisaway辅导老师:李旭-2-2a.breadsb.breadc.breadesd.milk一般名词复数构成法构成法例词一般情况下,在名词单数形式的词尾加sbool-books,day-days,desk-desks以s,x,,ch,sh,结尾的名词,在词尾加esclass-classes,box-boxes,match-matches,wish-wishes以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,将y变成i后加escity-cities,country-countries,factory-factories以f或fe结尾的名词,一般将f或fe变成v后,再加esleaf-leaves,wife-wives,life-lives,thief-thieves,knife-knivies,half-halves,shelf-shelves以辅音字母加o结尾的名词,一般在词尾加eshero-heroes,Negro-Negroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes1.绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式,是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。读音变化:结尾是清辅音读[s],结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。例:friend→friends;cat→cats;style→styles;sport→sports;piece→pieces比如:Ihavemanyfriendsinmychildhood2.凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词,在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。读音变化:统一加读[iz]。例:bus→buses;quiz→quizzes;fox→foxes;match→matches;flash→flashesTherearemanybusesinthestreet3.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改变为i,再加-es。读音变化:加读[z]。city—citiescountry—countriesfactory--factories4.去f,fe加ves,如:half—halvesknife—knivesleaf—leaveswolf—wolveswife—wiveslife—livesthief—thieves;5.以o结尾的名词,变复数时:加es,如:potato—potatoestomato—tomatoeshero-heroesnegro-negroes1.turngreeninspringa.leafb.leavec,leavesd,leafs2.areveryusefultopupils.a.radiob.radiosc.radioesd.aradio它们是:photo—photospiano—pianosradio—radioszoo—zoos;c.均可,如:zero—zeros/zeroes以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数:如:MarystheHenrys(亨利的一家人)monkey—monkeysholiday—holidays比较:层楼:storey—storeysstory—stories以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时的一般情况的单词:加s,如belief—beliefsroof—roofssafe—safesgulf—gulfs;c.均可,如:handkerchief:handkerchiefs/handkerchieves某些名词的不规则复数形式构成法自编初中英语复习资料Wherethereisawill,thereisaway辅导老师:李旭-3-3构成法例词变内部元音book-books,day-days,desk-desks词尾加(r)enclass-classes,box-boxes,match-matches,wish-wishes单复数同形city-cities,country-countries,factory-factories有些名词用于某一些含义时通常只有复数形式leaf-leaves,wife-wives,life-lives,thief-thieves,knife-knives,half-halves,shelf-shelves有些名词是单数形式,但一般作复数对待hero-heroes,Negro-Negroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes1.变内部元音的单词:常见的主要有man—menwoman—womenfoot—feetmouse—micetooth—teeth注意:与man和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women.Theareoperatinghimonhislega.womandoctorb.womendoctorc.womandoctorsd.womendoctors2.词尾加ren的复数形式child—children3.单复数同形的名词,deer,sheep,fish,work,Chinese,JapaneseThefarmerhastena.sheepsb.deersc.cowsd.chicken3)集合名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数,如:people、police、cattle等本身就是复数,想说一个人,一个警察,一头牛,不能说apeopleapoliceacattle但可以说:aperson,apoliceman,aheadofcattle,Almosteveryfamilyinthevillageatelevision.a.haveb.havingc.hasd.havetoAllmyfamilyswimming我全家都喜欢游泳a.likeb,likesc.likeingd.liketo4复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:good—goods货物,water—waters水域,sweet—sweets(糖果)等,比如electricalgoods电器商品.agoodstrain铁路货车等等。TheEnglish,theBritish,theFrench,theChinese,theJapanese,theSwiss等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。如:TheChineseareindustriesandbrave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。如:anEnglishman,twoEnglishmen.但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是theBowmans.li,jin,yuan,twoli,threemu,fourjin但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometers4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:a.maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。自编初中英语复习资料Wherethereisawill,thereisaway辅导老师:李旭-4-4b.news是不可数名词。c.theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations应视为单数。TheUnitedNationswasorganizedin1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。d.以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。“TheArabianNights”isaveryinterestingstory-book.一千零一夜是一本非常有趣的故事书。5)表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses(眼镜)、trousers若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair(对,双);suit(套);apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers一、名称总称(谓语用复数)一个人两个人中国人theChineseaChinesetwoChinese瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss澳大利亚人theAustraliansaAustraliantwoAustralians俄国人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussians意大利人theItaliansanItaliantwoItalians希腊人theGreekaGreektwoGreeks法国人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFrenchmen日本人theJapaneseaJapanesetwoJapanese美国人theAmericansanAmericantwoAmericans印度人theIndiansanIndiantwoIndians加拿大人theCanadiansaCanadiantwoCanadians德国人theGermansaGermanstwoGermans英国人theEnglishanEnglishmantwoEnglishmen瑞典人theSwedishaSwedetwoSwedes表格(复合词复数)复合名词变复数时有三种情况通常只将里面所包含的主体名词变成复数passer-by—passers-by(过路人),looker-on—lookers(旁观者);brother-in-law—brothers-in-law(姐夫)无主体名词者,在最后一个词上加复数词尾grown-up—grown-ups(成年人)由man或woman加一个其他名词构成的复合名词时,两个都变复数womandoctor-womendoctors(女医生);manservant-menservants(男服务员)Apieceofpaper------twopiecesofpaper两张纸Aglassoforangejuice----twoglassesoforangejuice
本文标题:初一英语语法(新东方)
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-5383160 .html