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linux(CentOS)æœåŠ¡å™¨å®‰å…¨é…置详解1.å…³é—ä¸å¿…è¦çš„æœåŠ¡chkconfig--list|awk{printchkconfig$1off}/tmp/chkconfiglist.sh;/bin/sh/tmp/chkconfiglist.sh;rm-rf/tmp/chkconfiglist.shchkconfigcrondonchkconfigirqbalanceonchkconfignetworkonchkconfigsshdonchkcon1.å…³é—ä¸å¿…è¦çš„æœåŠ¡chkconfig--list|awk'{printchkconfig$1off}'/tmp/chkconfiglist.sh;/bin/sh/tmp/chkconfiglist.sh;rm-rf/tmp/chkconfiglist.shchkconfigcrondonchkconfigirqbalanceonchkconfignetworkonchkconfigsshdonchkconfigsyslogonchkconfigiptablesonsetenforce0sed-i's/^SELINUX=.*$/SELINUX=disabled/g'/etc/sysconfig/selinux2.åˆé™¤ä¸å¿…è¦rpm包yum-ygroupremoveFTPServerText-basedInternetWindowsFileServerPostgreSQLDatabaseNewsServerDNSNameServerWebServerDialupNetworkingSupportMailServerOffice/ProductivityRubyOffice/ProductivitySoundandVideoXWindowSystemXSoftwareDevelopmentPrintingSupportOpenFabricsEnterpriseDistribution3.åˆé™¤ç³»ç»Ÿç‰¹æ®Šçš„的用户å¸�å�·ç¦æ¢æ‰€æœ‰é»˜è®¤çš„被æ“作系统本身å¯åŠ¨çš„且ä¸éœ€è¦çš„å¸å·ï¼Œå½“ä½ç¬¬ä¸€æ¬¡è£…上系统时就应该åšæ¤æ£€æŸ¥ï¼ŒLinuxæ供了å„ç§å¸å·ï¼Œä½å¯èƒ½ä¸éœ€è¦ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ä¸éœ€è¦�这个å¸å·ï¼Œå°±ç§»èµ°å®ƒï¼Œä½æœ‰çš„å¸å·è¶Šå¤šï¼Œå°±è¶Šå®¹æ˜“å�—到攻击foriinadmlpsyncshutdownhaltmailnewsuucpoperatorgamesgopherftpdouserdel$idoneforiinadmlpmailnewsuucpgamesdipdogroupdel$idone4.对用户和å�£ä»¤æ–‡ä»¶è¿›è¡Œæƒé™æŽ§åˆ¶,并åŠä¸Šä¸å¯æ›´æ”¹å±žæ€§chmod600/etc/passwdchmod600/etc/shadowchmod600/etc/groupchmod600/etc/gshadowchattr+i/etc/passwdchattr+i/etc/shadowchattr+i/etc/groupchattr+i/etc/gshadowchattr+i/etc/services5.ç¦�æ¢pingecho1/proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all#临时生效echo'net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all=1/etc/sysctl.conf'#é‡å¯æ°¸ä¹…生效6.修改sshæœåŠ¡çš„root登录æƒé™å‰æä¸è¡Œå»ºç«‹å¦ä¸€ä¸ªä¸€èˆ¬ç”¨æˆ·ï¼Œä¿®æ”¹sshæœåŠ¡é…置文件,使的sshæœåŠ¡ä¸å…许直接使用root用户æ¥ç™»å½•ã€‚vi/etct/ssh/sshd_configPermitRootLoginyes将这行å‰çš„#去掉åŽï¼Œä¿®æ”¹ä¸ºï¼šPermitRootLoginno7.密ç�输错5次é”定180ssed-i'4aauthrequiredpam_tally2.sodeny=5unlock_time=180'/etc/pam.d/system-auth8.修改shell命令的history记录个数sed-i's/HISTSIZE=.*$/HISTSIZE=100/g'/etc/profilesource/etc/profile9.修改自动注销å¸�å�·æ—¶é—´è‡ªåŠ¨æ³¨é”€å¸å·çš„登录,在Linux系统ä¸root账户是具有最高特æƒçš„。如果系统管ç†å‘˜åœ¨ç¦»å¼€ç³»ç»Ÿä¹‹å‰å¿˜è®°æ³¨é”€root账户,那将会带æ¥å¾ˆå¤§çš„安全éšæ‚£ï¼Œåº”该让系统会自动注销。通过修改账户ä¸â€œTMOUTâ€å‚数,å¯ä»¥å®žçŽ°æ¤åŠŸèƒ½ã€‚TMOUT按秒计算。编辑ä½çš„profile文件(vi/etc/profile),在HISTSIZE=åŽé¢åŠå…¥ä¸‹é¢è¿™è¡Œï¼šTMOUT=300300,表示300秒,也就是表示5分钟。这æ·ï¼Œå¦‚果系统ä¸ç™»é™†çš„用户在5分钟内都没有动作,那么系统会自动注销这个账户。10.记录æ¯ä¸ªåœ¨æœåŠ¡å™¨ä¸Šæ“作的命令mkdir/root/logs#记录日志ä½ç½®è‡ªå·±æ›´æ”¹ï¼Œæœ€å¥½éšè—�echoexportPROMPT_COMMAND='{msg=\$(history1|{readxy;echo\$y;});user=\$(whoami);echo\$(date\+%Y-%m-%d%H:%M:%S\):\$user:\`pwd\`/:\$msg----\$(whoami);}\$HOME/logs/\`hostname\`.\`whoami\`.history-timestamp'/root/.bash_profile11.优化网络å‚æ•°sed-i's/net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies.*$/net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1/g'/etc/sysctl.conf#TCPSYNCookieä¿æŠ¤ç”Ÿæ•ˆecho'net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse=1'/etc/sysctl.confecho'net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=1'/etc/sysctl.confecho'net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=102465000'/etc/sysctl.confsysctl-p12.iptablesé…�ç½®sed-i's/IPTABLES_MODULES=ip_conntrack_netbios_ns/#IPTABLES_MODULES=ip_conntrack_netbios_ns/g'/etc/sysconfig/iptables-configcat/etc/sysconfig/iptablesEOF#Firewallconfigurationwrittenbysystem-config-securitylevel#Manualcustomizationofthisfileisnotrecommended.*filter:INPUTDROP[0:0]:FORWARDACCEPT[0:0]:OUTPUTACCEPT[0:0]-AINPUT-ilo-jACCEPT-AINPUT-mstate--stateRELATED,ESTABLISHED-jACCEPT-AINPUT-ptcp-mstate--stateNEW-mtcp--dport22-jACCEPT-AINPUT-ptcp-mstate--stateNEW-mtcp--dport80-jACCEPT-AINPUT-picmp-mlimit--limit100/sec--limit-burst100-jACCEPT-AINPUT-picmp-mlimit--limit1/s--limit-burst10-jACCEPT#-AINPUT-pudp-mudp--dport20-jACCEPTCOMMITEOF/sbin/serviceatdstartecho/sbin/serviceiptablesstop|atnow+3minutes/sbin/serviceiptablesrestartiptablesæ¹æ®å®žé™…情况设置13.ç¦æ¢Ctrl+Alt+Deleteé‡æ–°å¯åŠ¨æœºå™¨å‘½ä»¤ã€€ä¿®æ”¹/etc/inittab文件,将ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown-t3-rnow一行注释掉。然åŽé‡æ–°è®¾ç½®/etc/rc.d/init.d/目录下所有文件的许å¯æƒé™ï¼Œè¿è¡Œå¦‚下命令: #chmod-R700/etc/rc.d/init.d/* 这æ·ä¾¿ä»…有rootå¯ä»¥è¯»ã€å†™æˆ–执行上述所有脚本文件。14.é™åˆ¶su命令如果您ä¸æƒ³ä»»ä½•äººèƒ½å¤Ÿsu作为root,å¯ä»¥ç¼–辑/etc/pam.d/su文件,增åŠå¦‚下两行: authsufficient/lib/security/pam_rootok.sodebug authrequired/lib/security/pam_wheel.sogroup=isd 这时,仅isd组的用户å¯ä»¥su作为root。æ¤åŽï¼Œå¦‚果您希望用户admin能够su作为root,å¯ä»¥è¿è¡Œå¦‚下命令: #usermod-G10admin15.åˆå‡ç™»å½•ä¿¡æ¯é»˜è®¤æƒ…况下,登录æ示信æ¯åŒ…括Linuxå‘行版ã€å†…æ¸ç‰ˆæœ¬åå’ŒæœåŠ¡å™¨ä¸»æœºåç‰
本文标题:linux(CentOS)服务器安全配置详解
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