小学英语四种时态及相关练习

小学英语四种时态及相关练习：1).一般现在时态:表示经常性或习惯性的动作。（1）.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。（2）.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。（3）.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。构成：主语+谓语动词do/does,/be(am/is/are)/行为动词（或叫实义动词）+其他成分。（1）.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。（2）.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。Heusuallyhas(his)breakfastat7:00inthemorning.MarylikesChinese.（sometimes,often,usually,always用于一般现在时态中）句式：有四种句式（肯定式,否定式,一般疑问式、特殊疑问式）肯定句：主语+谓语动词do/does,/be(am/is/are)/行为动词（或叫实义动词）+其他成分。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.Do(Does)+主语+实义动词原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.Iwouldlike变为一般疑问句时，应改为Wouldyoulike…?答语：Yes,please.(Yes,I’dlike/loveto.)No,thanks.(No,thankyou.)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?Howdoesyourfathergotowork?Whattimedoyoucomehome?Whatwouldyoulike?Whatdoyouwant?Howmany/much/old…?动词第三人称单数的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes，brush-brushes,3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies,fly-flies练习:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink________go_______make________teach_______look_________have_______do_________shop________come________watch______fly________study________二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften____(have)dinnerathome.2.DavidandTom_____(be)inClassOne.3.We_____(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_____(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they______(like)theWorldCup?6.What_____theyoften____(do)onSaturdays?7._____yourparents____(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_______(like)cooking.12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.2).现在进行时态:表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作．构成:主语+谓语动词be(am/is/are)+doing(现在分词，也叫动名词)+其他成分.句式：有四种句式（肯定式,否定式,一般疑问式、特殊疑问式）1)现在进行时的肯定形式：主语+be(am/is/are)+doing+其他成分.Iamsinging.Theyarewriting.2)现在进行时的否定形式:主语+be(am/is/are)+not+doing+其他成分.Iamnotsinging.Theyaren’twriting.3）一般疑问句及回答：be(am/is/are)+主语+doing+其他成分.Isshesinging?Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.Aretheywriting?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.4)特殊疑问句及回答:特殊疑问词+be(am/is/are)+主语+doing+其他成分.Whatareyoudoing?Weareplayingfootball..第一人称单数（I）+am+现在分词第二人称单数(You)+are+现在分词第三人称单数He/She/It+is+现在分词第一人称复数(We)、第二人称复数(You)、第三人称复数(They)+are+现在分词如：Iamdoingmyhomeworknow.Weareplayingfootballontheplayground.*第三人称单数归类：（1）.He/She/It,(2).单个人名或地名（3）.单个某人所属关系（如：mydog,hisaunt,theirbedroom,）(4)世界上独一无二的事物，如theGreatWall,thesun,themoon)动词加ing(现在分词）的变化规则：1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking，see-seeing2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping练习一.用所给动词适当形式填空:1.______you__________(fly)akite?Yes,Iam.2.______you___________(sit)intheboat?3.______he_____________(talk)withyou?4.We_______________(play)footballnow.5.What_________you__________(do)?6.I_____________(sing)anEnglishsong.7.What________he____________(mend修理)?8.Myfather______________(drive)acar.9.Theseboys_________(play)tennisontheplayground.10.Mymother______________(cook)inthekitchen.11.Wecan’thelpyou,becausewe____________(have)classes.12.________theboy___________(write)hishomework?13.Look!Thesebutterflies_________(fly)inthesky.14.Listen!Thegirl___________(sing)inthenextroom.15.Theboy__________(swim)intheriver.16.Thegirl__________________(draw)apicturenow.17.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.18.They____________(notwater)theflowersnow.19.Whatisourgranddaughter(孙女，外孙女）doing?She_________(listen)tomusic.20.It’s5o’clocknow.We_________(have)suppernow.21.____Helen________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.二.选择1.Look.Lucyis_____anewbiketoday.A.jumpingB.runningC.ridingDtakeing2.Thechildren_____football.A.isplayingB.areplayingC.playtheD.playa3.They______TVintheevening.Theydotheirhomework.A.arewatchingB.can’twatchingC.don’twatchD.don’twatching4.Listen!She____intheclassroom.A.issingingB.singC.tosingD.issing5.Look!Thechildren_______basketballontheplayground.A.playsB.playedC.isplayingD.areplaying6.Thekite_______highintheskynow.Itlookslikeabigbird.A.fliesB.isflyingC.wasflyingD.flew3).一般过去时态:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（wasnot=wasn’t）⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（werenot=weren’t）⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子：否定句：didn’t+动词原形，如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?⑵疑问词当主语时：特殊疑问词+动词过去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?一.规则动词的过去式变化如下：(1)一般情况下，动词词尾加-ed，如：workedplayedwantedacted(2)以不发音的-e结尾动词，动词词尾加-d，如：livedmoveddecideddeclinedhopedjudgedraisedwiped(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i再加-ed，如：studiedtriedcopiedjustifi