如何写图表作文分析解析

ReportingResults—如何描述图表信息•注意抓住图表个性(characteristic)。不同类型的图表反映的信息重点不一样：柱状图的描写重点在于比较和对比；曲线图重点在于描述曲线的上升与下降趋势，并对明显的高峰和低谷进行细节描写；饼状图应该依次描写，突出重点，如果有几个饼图，还应作对应的比较；表格信息相对而言不很直观，应在仔细阅读之后发现其特点，找出突出鲜明的信息对比描写。图表的描述•图表的类型table（表格）,linegraph（曲线图）,barchart（柱状图）,piechart（饼状图）等•表示曲线图上最高点和最低点的表达方式reachapeak,reachitshighestpoint,reachtheir/itsnadir(最低点),reachitslowestpoint,reachitsbottom.Ⅰ.表示增加、减少和变化不大或没有变化的词语1）增加、上升趋势riseto/rise,toincrease/anincrease,soar,togrow/agrowth,togoup,toshootup,beontherise,aupwardtrend,moveupwards.2）减少、下降趋势todecline/andecline,tocollapse/acollapse,todrop/adrop,togodown,todecrease/adecrease,tofall/afall,toreduce/areduction,downwardtrend,movedownwards,slump(暴跌).3)变化不大或没有变化toleveloff,toremainconstant/steady/stable,tostabilize,tohavelittlechange,toremainunchanged,tofluctuate(波动).DescribingTrends2.表示变化幅度的词和词组1)小幅变化small,slow/slowly,slight/slightly,gradual/gradually,steady/steadily,abit,alittle,hardly.2)大幅变化agreatdeal/alot,big,great/greatly,sudden/suddenly,rapid/rapidly,sharp/sharply,dramatic/dramatically,obvious/obviously,steep/steeply,considerable/considerably,apparent/apparently,remarkable/remarkably,significant/significantly,.3.表示比较和对比的词语1)相同Similarly,likewise,like,too,both…and…,thesameas,havealotincommon,inthesameway2)相异,对比nevertheless,onthecontrary,ononehand,ontheotherhand,insharpcontrast(with),whereas,unlike,but,however,ratherthan,instead,in/bycontrast,regardlessof.Howtowrite•Partone:introduction引言•Parttwo:descriptingresults描述图表•Partthree:conclusion结论第一部分：Introduction•1)Thetable/chart/graphshows/describes/illustrates/indicates/comparesthat________________.•2)Accordingto/Ascanbeseenfromthetable/chart/graph,_______.•3)Itcanbeseenfromm/Wecanseefrom第二部分：Datadescription描述数据•描述数据重要的是描述数据的变化，比较不同的数据，突出特征数据，千万不能只是罗列一些具体数据。•数据变化的种类：增加，减少，波动，不变四种。A.描述数据变化的句式•1)变化的主体+动词（＋副词）Thenumberofcinemaadmissiondroppedsharplyfrom1980to1990.2)Therebe+形容词+名词+in+变化主体Therewasasharpdecreaseinthenumberofcinemaadmissionfrom1980to1990.•3)时间+saw+形容词+名词+in+变化主体Thelast20yearssawthesharpdeclineincinemaadmission.B.比较不同的数据•1)TheprofitdoubledfromMaytoJuly.•2)TheymadethreetimestheprofitinJunethaninMarch.•3)Thepercentageofmenemployedinmanagerialpositionsismuchhigherthatofwomenintheseoccupations.•4)In1980,30%ofruraldwellerswereemployedcomparedwith50%in1990.•5)In1980,30%ofruraldwellerswereemployed,whereasin199050%werehired.•6)ThestaffinfirmAarethreetimesasmanyasthoseinfirmB.C.抓住特征数据重点描述最大值,最小值，最高点，最低点。•1)Tailandaccountedforthesmallestnumberofstudents.•2)In1998,thenumberreacheditspeak/highestpointto20,000.•3)Thenumberpeakedat20,000in1998.D.描述静态数据重点放在描述数据变化和比较不同的数据，但数据变化较少时可以描写静态数据以满足字数要求。•1)Tailandrepresentedonethird.•2)In1998,thenumberdecreasedto2000.•3)Thewomenworkersmadeupthreequarters图表信息较多时，可以在描述数据变化和比较数据时顺便将静态数据写出来，如：Inmanagerialpositions,therearemoremalesthanfemales(10%and5%respectively).第三部分：Conclusion得出结论•不要写得太多，一两句话就可以了，重点在第二部分。•基于图表分析原因或展望未来，不要加入主观想象或评论。WritingPractice•Task:ThechartbelowshowsthenumberofmenandwomeninfurthereducationinBritaininthreeperiodsandwhethertheywerestudyingfulltimeorparttime.•Writeareportforauniversitylecturerdescribingtheinformationshownbelow.Sample•ThisbarchartdisplaysthenumbersofmenandwomenenrolledinfurthereducationinBritainduringthreeperiods.•Thechartreflectsseveraltrends.Forinstance,duringthe1970～71academicyear,92.5%menenrolledinfurthereducationwereonaparttimebasis.In1980,thepercentagehaddroppedto88.3percent.By1990,thereweretwiceasmanystudentsenrolledonafulltimebasisthantherehadbeenin1980,risingfrom75,000to200,000.Combinedwithadropintotalenrollment,thisreflectsariseinfulltimeenrollmentfrom7.5percentto22.2percent.•However,boththetotalnumberofwomenenrolledandthenumberenrolledonafulltimebasisrosebetweenthe1970～71and1990～91schoolyears.By1990,therewerefourtimesasmanywomenenrolledonafulltimebasis,withenrollmenthavingrisenfrom50,000to200,000.Butwhenwecombinetotalenrollmentincreaseswithfulltimeenrollmentincreases,weseeadifferenttrendemerging.In1980,200,000womenenrolledwerefulltimestudents,accountingfor25percent.In1990,totalenrollmentroseto1.1million,butthefigureforfulltimeenrollmentremainedsteadyat200,000.Thisreflectsafallinthepercentageofwomenenrolledfulltimefrom25percenttoonly18percent.•Whenwecompareenrollmentbetweenthemenandwomen,weseethatin1970moremenwereenrolledineitherfulltimeorparttimeprograms.However,by1990thishadchanged,withahighertotalenrollmentorwomenandabasicallyequalnumberofmenandwomenenrolledinfulltimeprograms.Thissuggestsincreasededucationalopportunitiesforwomeninhighereducation.WritingPractice2Thegraphshowsthecustomerdepositandtheinter-bankborrowingofcashinCCBfromJanuary1999toJanuary2005.Usingtheinformationfromthegraph,writeareportdescribingthecashflowinthegraph.Write120-140wordsontheseparateanswerpaperprovided.CashFlowinCCB05001000150020002500Jan-99Jul-99Jan-00Jul-00Jan-01Jul-01Jan-02Jul-02Jan-03Jul-03Jan-04Jul-04Jan-05USdollar(million)CustomerDeposits-USDInterbankBorrowings-USD•Thegraphshowsthecashflowtrendofcustomerdepositandinter-bankborrowings(Ibb)inChinaConstructionBankfromJanuary1999toJa