中西方节日

BriefIntroductionofEasternandWesternTraditionalFestivals中西方传统节日简介SpringFestivalItisonthefirstdayofthefirstlunarmonth(阴历正月).AnotherfestivalinthismonthisLanternFestival.Itcomesonthe15thofthefirstlunarmonthanditmarkstheendoftheSpringFestival.ItoriginatedintheShangDynasty(c.1600BC-c.1100BC)fromthepeople’ssacrifice(献祭，供奉)togodsandancestorsattheendofanoldyearandthebeginningofanewone.SpringFestivalTime:Origin:SpringcleaningBeforetheNewYearcomes,thepeoplecompletelycleantheindoorsandoutdoorsoftheirhomesaswellastheirclothes,bedclothesandalltheirutensils(家庭厨房用具).SpringFestivalCustoms:SpringFestivalCustoms:pastespringpoems(贴春联)withluckywordsandcharacterfunormallyorupsidedownCustoms:Setofffire-crackersThefavoriteactivityofchildren,whichissaidtodriveoffevilspiritsaccordingtolegend(传说)SpringFestivalCustoms:ChildrengetmoneyinredenvelopesfromtheirparentsandrelativesSpringFestivalCustoms:ThelionanddragondancingSpringFestivalCustoms:EnjoyFamilyReunionDinneronNewYear’sEveSpringFestivalMid-AutumnFestivalMid-AutumnFestivalTime:TheMid-AutumnFestivalfallsonthe15thdayofthe8thlunarmonth,usuallyinOctoberinsolarcalendar.Origin:TherearemanydifferentfairytalesabouttheoriginofMid-AutumnFestival,ofwhichthemostwell-knownoneis“ChangE’sflyingtothemoon”.Buttodaywecelebratethisfestivalmostlybecauseitisthetimewhenthemoonisatitsfullestandbrightest.Thisdayisalsoconsideredasaharvestfestivalsincefruits,vegetablesandgrainhavebeenharvestedbythistimeandfoodwasabundant.Customs：enjoythegloriousfullmoonMid-AutumnFestivalCustoms：EatmooncakeMid-AutumnFestivalCustoms：TogetherwiththecelebrationtherearealsosomeotherspecialcustomsindifferentpartsofChina,suchasworshipping['wə:ʃip]themoon(中秋拜月),burningincense['insens](烧斗香),plantingMid-Autumntrees(树中秋),lightinglanternsontowers(点塔灯),andfiredragondances(舞火龙)Mid-AutumnFestivalTheDragonBoatFestivalTime:Itiscelebratedonthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth.ItisoneofthemostimportantChinesefestivals,theothertwobeingtheMid-AutumnFestivalandSpringFestivalOrigin:ThisfestivalisinhonorofQuYuan.Hewasagoodandrespectedman,butbecauseofthemisdeeds(罪行)[,mis'di:d]ofhisrival(对手),hewasunabletoregaintherespectoftheemperor.InhissorrowQuYuanthrewhimselfintotheMiLuoriver.thelocalpeoplelivingneartheMiLuoRiverrushedintotheirboatstosearchforhimwhilethrowingriceintothewaterstopreventthebigfishfromeatinghim.TheDragonBoatFestivalCustoms:eatZongziZongzi,asthetraditionalfoodfortheDragonBoatFestival,isapyramid-shapeddumplingmadeofriceandwrappedinbambooleavestogiveitaspecialflavor,variesgreatlyacrossChina.TheDragonBoatFestivalCustoms:Wearingsachet['sæʃei](香包)abagwithcolorfulsilkcloth,fillingwithperfumesorherbal(草本的）medicinesandstrungwithsilkthreads.Hungaroundtheneckortiedtothefrontofagarment(衣服)asanornament（装饰）.Theyaresaidtobeabletowardoff（避开）evil.TheDragonBoatFestivalCustoms:DragonboatracingItissaidthegameoriginatesfromtheactivitiesofseekingQuYuan’sbody.Nowitisheldalloverthecountry,especiallyinthesouth.TheDragonBoatFestivalCustoms:HangAyTasoFamilieswillhangvariousherbs,calledAyTsao,ontheirdoortoprotecttheirfamilyfromillness.WesternfestivalsChristmas圣诞节Valentine’sDay情人节Easter复活节AprilFool’sDay愚人节Mother’sDay母亲节Father’sDay父亲节Halloween万圣节ThanksgivingDay感恩节圣诞节来源圣诞节是基督教徒纪念耶稣基督（JesusChrist）诞生的日子,公认的日期是12月25日。圣诞节本是一个宗教性的节日，后来逐渐演变成一个具有民族风格的全民性的节日，在美国、英国、加拿大、德国、意大利、澳大利亚等西方国家，甚至非洲，东南亚一些国家都很盛行。圣诞节指圣诞日（ChristmasDay）或圣诞节节期（Christmastide），即12月24日至第二年1月6日这段时间。另外人们把12月24日夜为圣诞前夜（ChristmasEve）。耶稣圣诞（JesusChristmas）基督宗教于公元1世纪由巴勒斯坦拿撒勒人耶稣创立。他是上帝的独生子，为圣灵感孕童贞女玛丽娅而降生；他曾行过很多神迹，让瞎子复明，跛子行走，死人复活，但是因为犹太公会不满耶稣基督自称为上帝的独生子、唯一的救赎主，把他交给罗马统治者钉死在十字架上；死后第三天复活，显现于诸位门徒，复活第40天后升天；还会于世界末日再度降临人间，拯救人类，审判世界。被12使徒中的犹大叛卖并受难，受难日为星期五，最后的晚餐连耶稣有13人，所以在西方，13是人们忌讳的数字，并且与星期五一起视为凶日。圣诞贺卡和生日礼物（ChristmascardsandChristmaspresents）按照习俗，过圣诞节时人们都互赠圣诞贺卡和圣诞礼品。贺卡可以在商店买到，也可以自制，只要写上一句祝词，写上自己的姓名就行了。赠贺卡一般要根据对方的年兴趣爱好以及与自己的关系等。不仅同事、同学、朋友之间互赠，家庭成员之间也有互赠贺卡和礼品的习惯。这是一种最普通的庆祝圣诞节的活动。圣诞餐）Christmasdinner）圣诞餐是圣诞节当天的主餐，有的家庭把它安排在中餐，有的把它安排在晚餐。这餐饭主要是家人聚餐，一般不邀请客人。圣诞餐主要食品为：火鸡（turkey）或烤鹅（roastgoose）、布丁（puddings）以及各类小甜饼（如goldenbuttercookies，fruitcookies）等。Page29Time:December25thisChristmasDayonwhichJesusChristwasborn.ItisthebiggestdayfortheChristians(基督教徒)ChristmasDayPage30Origin:ChristmasisaChristianholidaythatcelebratesthebirthofJesusChrist[dʒi:zəskraist],who,Christiansbelieve,wassenttosavemankindandabsolve[əbzɔlv](赦免…的罪行)themfromtheirsins.itisprobablythemostwidelycelebratedreligiousoccasionintheWest.Customs:aChristmastreeTheChristmastreeisevergreentreewhichmeansthatlifeexistsforever.Thetreeisdecoratedwithallkindsoflampcandle,colorfulflowers,toys,stars,andChristmaspresents.OntheChristmasEve,peoplegatheraroundtheChristmastree,singinganddancing.Customs:SantaClausSantaClaus,alsocalledFatherChristmas,isahappyoldmanwithalongwhitebeardandalongredrobe.Onthenightofthetwenty-fourthofDecembereveryyear,FatherChristmas,inasleighpulledbyreindeer,comesdownthechimneyofthefireplacetoputpresentsbythebedsofchildrenortofilltheirstockings.Customs:aspecialChristmasmealAspecialChristmasmealwillbechicke