初中语法专题(一)—-there-be句型(带答案)

1/8Therebe句型一、基本概念：Therebe句型表示“某地（或某时）有某人（或某物）。二、结构：三、用法详解（考点）1、考点一：主谓一致Thereisapenandtworulersinthebox.Therearetworulersandapeninthebox..注意：主谓一致遵循就近原则的还有：either…or；neither…nor；not…but;notonly…butalso等。e.g.①NeitheryounorIamwrong.你和我都没错。②Notyoubutyourfatheristoblame.不是你，而是你的父亲该受责备。③Notonlyyoubut(also)heiswrong.不仅你错了，他也错了。2、考点二：句型转换学习内容Thereis+单数可数名词/不可数名词+地点状语/时间状语.Thereare+复数名词+地点状语/时间状语.1.There是引导词，没有词义；2.be动词为谓语动词，名词为主语；be动词和名词要保持数的一致。肯定句：“Therebe＋某人/某物＋地点／时间状语”否定句：“Therebenot/no+某人/某物+地点/时间状语”一般疑问句：“Bethere+某人/某物+地点/时间状语”?特殊疑问句：“疑问词+bethere+某人/某物+地点/时间状语”?反义疑问句：“Therebe＋某人/某物＋地点／时间状语，be(not)there?”2/81）否定句:加not/noTherebe句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。注意：not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，nota/an/any+n.相当于no+n.如：Therearesomepicturesonthewall.→Therearen'tanypicturesonthewall.=Therearenopicturesonthewall.Thereisabikebehindthetree.→Thereisn'tabikebehindthetree.=Thereisnobikebehindthetree.2）一般疑问句:be动词提前Therebe句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。如：ThereissomewateronMars.→IsthereanywateronMars?Therearesomefishinthewater.→Arethereanyfishinthewater?3）特殊疑问句：选择疑问词对主语提问：当主语是人的时候，则用who引导；当主语是物的时候，则用what引导。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式。如：Therearemanythingsoverthere.→What'soverthere?Thereisalittlegirlintheroom.→Whoisintheroom?对地点状语提问：则用where引导。如：Thereisacomputeronthedesk.→Whereisthecomputer?Therearefourchildrenontheplayground.→Wherearethefourchildren?对数量提问：Howmany+复数名词+arethere+介词短语？Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+介词短语？3/8如：Therearetwelvemonthsinayear.→Howmanymonthsarethereinayear?Thereisacatinthebox.→Howmanycatsarethereinthebox?Thereissomemoneyinmypurse.→Howmuchmoneyisthereinyourpurse?4）反义疑问句：be(not)there?如：Thereisaradioonthetable,isn'tthere?桌子上有一台收音机，是吧?Therearemorethanfiftystudentsinyourclass,aren'tthere?你们班有50多名学生，是吧?3、考点三：时态与句型如：①Theremustbeapeninthebox.盒子里一定有只笔。②Theremaybearainthisafternoon.今天下午可能有雨。③Therehappenedtobesomemoneyinmypocket.我口袋里刚好有些钱。④Thereisgoingtobe/willbeameetingtonight.今晚将会有一次会议。⑤Therehasbeenabigtreeonthetopofthehill.山顶上已经有棵大树了。⑥Thereusedtobeachurchacrossfromthebank.银行对面原来有间教堂。4、考点四：Therebe与have的区别1）Therebe表示“某处/时存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。如：Hehastwosons.他有两个儿子。Therearetwomenintheoffice.办公室里有两个男人。2）当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义或therebe表示所属时，二者可互换。如：现在时（thereis/are）Theremust/may/can’tbe过去时(therewas/were)Thereusedtobe完成时(therehave/hasbeen)Therehappenedtobe将来时(thereis/aregoingtobe或therewillbe)4/8Aweekhassevendays.=Therearesevendaysinaweek.一个星期有七天。Thereisnothingbutabookinmybag.=Ihavenothingbutabookinmybag.包里只有一本书。5、考点五：主语后的动词形式1）主语与动词是主动关系时用现在分词Thereisapurselyingontheground.地上有一个钱包。2）主语与动词是被动关系时用过去分词Therearefiveminutesleftnow.现在还有5分钟。注意：主语后的动词只能使用非谓语动词（todo/doing/done），因为therebe句型已有谓语动词be。6、therebe后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义如：Thereisalotofworktodo.有许多工作要做。注意：当该句型主语是something,anything,nothing等不定代词时，后面的不定式用主动形式或被动形式，意义各不同。Thereisnothingtodo.没有事可做。Thereisnothingtobedone.没有办法(束手无策)。7、变体：therebe结构中的be有时可用come,lie,live,stand,remain等代替如：Oncetherelivedakingwhocaredmoreaboutnewclothesthananythingelse.从前有位国王喜欢新衣服胜过别的任何东西。Therestandsaschoolatthefootofthehill.山脚下有一所学校。一．单项选择1.Thereisn’t_____waterintheglass.Let’sgoandgetsome.A.manyB.lotsC.anyD.some2.There___alotofnewsaboutZhangZiyionTVlastnight.综合题库5/8A.wasB.hadC.isD.were3.There____manychangesinthevillagerecently.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.tobe4.---There_______alotofmeatontheplate.Wouldyoulikesome?---Justalittle,please.A.isB.areC.amD.be5.There_______somebooks,aballpenandaruleronthedesk.A.isB.areC.haveD.has6.There_______aballpen,arulerandsomebooksonthedesk.A.isB.areC.haveD.has7.Thereisaboy_______atthedoor.A.standB.standingC.stoodD.isstanding8.---_______isinthehouse?---Thereisanoldwomaninthehouse.A.WhatB.WhoseC.WhoD.Which9.There____ameetingtonight.A.isgoingbeB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtoD.isgoingtobe10.—Therearealwaysmanyvolunteersingreatevents,____________?—Yes.Manyhandsmakelightwork!A.aren’tthereB.arethereC.aren’tthey11.—_____anArtFestivalinyourschooleachterm?—No,butthereisanEnglishparty.A.ArethereB.IsthereC.DowehaveD.Doeshehave12.There___not____milkinthecuponthetable.A.are,manyB.are,muchC.is,manyD.is,much13.Doyouknowif___ameetingnextSunday?A.therewasgoingtohaveB.therewasgoingtobeC.istheregoingtobeD.therewillbe14.There______greatchangesinsuchkindofcomputersinthelastfewyears.A.isB.areC.willbeD.havebeen15.There_____afilmtomorrowevening．A．willhaveB．haveC．isgoingtobeD．has6/816.There'sgoingto____intomorrow'snewspapers.A.havesomethingnewB.havenewsomethingC.besomethingnewD.benewsomething17.Howmanyboys____thereinClassone?A.beB.isC.areD.am18.There____alotofgoodnewsintoday'snewspaper.A.isB.areC.wasD.were19.There____pencil-box,twobooksandsomeflowersonthedesk.A.isaB.aresomeC.hasaD.havesome20.____anyflowersonbothsidesofthestreet?A．IsthereB．ArethereC．HasD．Have21.There____greatchangesinourcountrysince1982.A.havebeenB.wereC.hasbeenD.are22.Thereislittlewaterintheglass,____?A.isn'tthereB.isn'titC.isitD.isthere23.----Thereisnoairorwateronthemoon.Isthere?----____.A.Yes,thereareB.No,thereisn'tC.Yes,thereisn'tD.No,thereis24.----Whatdidyouseeinthebasketthen?----There____abottle