《英语词汇学》练习测试题集及答案

1华中师范大学网络教育学院《词汇学》练习测试题及答案本科I.DecidewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalseandwriteT(true)orF(false)inthecorrespondingbrackets.（每题一分）()1.“Allnationalcharacter”isthemostimportantofallthefivecharacteristicsofthebasicwordstock.()2.Byorigin,Englishwordscanbeclassifiedas“nativewords”and“loanwords”.()3.Thelanguages(Norwegian,German,Dutch,Danish,Swedish)allbelongtoGermanicFamilyexceptNorwegian.()4.OldEnglishvocabularyisfullofendings.()5.Allomorphsarephonologicalvariantswhichrealizemorphemes.()6.Inflectionalmorphemesareaddedtotheendofwordstoshowgrammaticalconcepts.()7.Themostproductivemeansofword-formationisaffixation.()8.Acronymsarewordsofinitialletters,whicharepronouncedletterbyletter.()9.Referencereferstotherelationshipbetweendifferentlanguages.()10.Grammaticalmeaningreferstothepartoftheword-meaningwhichindicatesgrammaticalconcepts.()11.Intheprocessof“Radiation”thederivedmeaningsofwordsarenotdirectlyrelatedtotheprimarymeaning.()12.Thediachronicapproachtopolysemyistofindhowawordgraduallyacquiresitsmeaningsintheprocessofdevelopment.()13.Whenawordchangesfromaspecifictoageneralmeaning,itgoesthroughextensionofmeaning.()14.“meat”isanexampleofnarrowingofmeaning.()15.“teacher”and“student”areconverses.()16.Awordwhichhasasynonymnaturallyhasanantonym.()17.Meaningisarelativelystableelementinalanguagecomparedwithspelling.()18.Thechangesofmeaningarecausedbybothlinguisticandextra-linguisticfactors.()19.Extra-linguisticcontextreferstofactorsbeyondlanguage.()20.Linguisticcontextprovidescluesforguessingmeaningsofnewwords.()21.Idiomsarephrasesandshortsentencesthemeaningsofwhicharenoteasytoinferfromtheconstituentsinmostcases.()22.Idiomscanbeclassifiedindifferentwaysbuttheclassificationaccordingtogrammaticalfunctionisthemosthelpfulway.()23.Commonizationinvolvespropernounsusedascommonwords.()24.Insomepairsofantonyms,themarkedtermscoverthemeaningoftheunmarked.()25.Variationsofidiomsaretheidiomswhoseformsaremodified.()26.Non-basicvocabularyincludesterminology,Anglo-Saxonwords,argotandneologisms.()27.Aliens,semanticloans,translation-loansanddenizensareallborrowings.()28.Thethreesourcesofnewwordsarecreation,semanticchangeandborrowing.()29.ModernEnglishisconsideredtobeananalyticlanguage.()30.Theminimalfreeformofalanguageisamorpheme.()31.Derivationalmorphemesareusedtoformnewwords.()32.Compoundinginvolvesthecombinationofaffixesandbases.()33.Partialconversionisaprocessofusingadjectivesasordinarynouns.2()34.Motivationaccountsfortheconnectionbetweenthelinguisticsymbolanditsmeaning.()35.Associativemeaningconsistsofconnotativemeaning,stylisticmeaning,affectivemeaningandemotivemeaning.()36.Polysemyisconcernedwithwordsofmorethanonemeaning.()37.ThemostimportantsourceofEnglishsynonymsisshortening.()38.Associatedtransferinvolveswordsusedintheirfigurativesense.()39.Objectivemeaningshowsthatthesubject(oragent)istheonetobeaffectedbytheactionoftheverb.()40.Complementariesareantonymscharacterizedby“mutualexclusion”and“gradability”.()41.Thesuperordinatetermcoverstheconceptofthesubordinate.()42.Elevationisalsoknownasamelioration.()43.“villain”isanexampleofdegradation.()44.Linguisticcontextreferstothewords,clauses,sentences,paragraphsandevenculturalbackground.()45.Ambiguityisoftencausedbyinadequatecontext.()46.Idiomsaregenerallyinformalinnature.()47.Structurally,idiomscanneverbechanged.()48.ThefourmajorforeigncontributorstothedevelopmentofEnglishvocabularyareLatin,Greek,FrenchandScandinavian.()49.Relativesynonymsmaydifferindenotation,connotationandapplication.()50.ThecontemporaryvocabularyexpansionofEnglishismainlybyborrowingandaffixation.()51.OldEnglishreferstothelanguageusedbetween100and450.()52.“Radiation”showsthatthederivedmeaningsofapolysemantarenotdirectlyrelatedtotheprimarymeaning.()53.Theconnectionbetweensoundandmeaningisconventionalandarbitrary.()54.Awordwhichhasasynonymnaturallyhasanantonym.()55.Contentwordsarenumerousandmorefrequentlyusedthanfunctionalwordsonaverage.()56.Extra-linguisticcontextreferstothephysicalsituationorculturalbackground.()57.DuringtheMiddleEnglishperiod,Celtic,LatinandEnglishexistedsidebyside.()58.Inadequatecontextisoftenthecauseofambiguity.()59.Compoundingistheprocessofcreatingnewwordsbycombiningaffixesandbases.()60.Insomepairsofantonyms,onetermmaycoverthemeaningoftheotherword.()61.Inanaturallanguage,mostwordsarenon-motivated.()62.Inflectionalaffixesaregrammaticalmarkers.()63.Conceptandsensemeanthesameandthusareinterchangeable.()64.Aformtowhichanaffixofanykindcanbeaddediscalledastem.()65.Contradictorytermsarenon-gradable.()66.Acronymsarewordsofinitialletterswhicharepronouncedascommonwords.()67.Grammaticalmeaningreferstopartofspeech,tensesofverbs,stylisticfeaturesofwordsandsoon.()68.Whatremainsofawordaftertheremovalofallaffixesisastem.()69.Affectivemeaningindicatestheattitudeoftheuser,whetherpositiveornegative.()70.Theconnotativemeaningisalsoknownasconnotations,whicharegenerallyfoundinthedictionary.3()71.Idiomsaresetphraseswhosemeaningisoftendifficultorimpossibletoinferfromtheconstituentwords.()72.Inmoderntimes,vocabularydevelopsm