内表面沟槽抛光装置的设计与仿真

本科毕业设计（论文）内表面沟槽抛光装置的设计与仿真学院机电工程学院专业机械设计制造及其自动化（机械电子方向)年级班别2005级（5）班学号学生姓名指导教师2009年6月12日I摘要磁流变液是一种功能型液体材料，它是由非胶体的磁性微粒分散于基载液中形成的、随外加磁场变化可以控制其流变行为的稳定悬浮液。针对内孔沟槽抛光的技术难题，研究提出了以混入磨料的磁流变液作为即效砂轮结合剂形成研抛工具的磁流变流动抛光方法。磁流变流动抛光方法是将磨料微粒混入磁流变液体之中，利用活塞的往复运动，使在密封系统中磁流变液做相对于工件的运动，磁流变液到达内孔沟槽表面时在磁场作用下再次发生流变形成团簇状结构研抛工具，完成对内孔沟槽的抛光。在对磁流变液的组织成分、特性以及流变机理理论分析的基础上，研制用于抛光的磁流变抛光液。根据磁流变效应研抛工具形成原理及磁性研磨的特点，设计了磁流变流动抛光的原理性抛光装置，实现了磁流变效应研抛工具对内孔沟槽的抛光加工。抛光装置由活塞装置、装夹工具、磁场施加装置、运动平台、过滤回收装置、液压系统及其他辅助装置组成，运动平台具有数控控制功能，可控制磁场施加装置的运动；活塞用来产生使液体产生压力，使其流动；装夹工具采用顶针装夹，使工件与液缸形成一密封的系统；磁场施加装置由支架、空心轴、永磁铁及传动装置组成，用来在内孔沟槽附近空间施加一稳定磁场，并使磁场可相对工件做旋转运动。关键词：磁流变，磁性研磨，内孔沟槽，抛光装置IIAbstractAsatypeofsmartmaterial,magnetorheologicalfluids(MRF)aresuspensionsofmicron-sizedmagnetizableparticlesdispersedinacarriermediumwithsmallconcen-trationsofstabilizers,andexhibitthepeculiarrheologicalpropertiesthatareinducedbytheexternallycontrollablemagneticfield.BasedontheMReffectofabrasiveslurry,aninnovativesuperfineMagnetorheologicalabrasiveflowfinishing(MRAFF)ispresentedtoresolveproblemsrelatedtothepolishingofthegrooveofthetube.MagnetorheologicalabrasiveflowfinishingisputtheabrasiveparticlesmixedwithMRF,andinclosedsystemsdomagnetorheologicalfluidmovementrelativetotheworkpiece,duethereciprocatingpistonmovementofpiston.whenMRFtoreachthesurfacewithintheholetrench,intheeffectofmagneticfield,itisformedforclu-sterstructurelikepolishingtools,andcompletethepolishingoftheinternalhole.Thisworkanalyzedfirstlythecomponent,characteristicsandrheologicalmecha-nismofMRFanddevelopedaMRFforpolishing.ThentheexperimentalsetwasdesignedbasedontheprincipleofthedynamicaltinygrindingwheeltomachinetheworkpieceandtheprincipleofMagneticAbrasiveFinishing(MAF),whichcanpolishthegrooveofthetube.Theexperimentalsetwasmakeupofthepistondevice,clamp-ingtool,themagneticfieldinflictiondevices,sportsplatform,Recoveryfilter,hydra-ulicsystemsandotherassistivedevices.Thesportsplatformcancontrolthemove-mentofthemagneticfieldinflictiondeviceswithCNCcontrol.Pistonsusedtogene-ratepressureliquidtoflow.Theclampingtooluseofthethimble,sothatthework-pieceandLiquidcylinderformasaSealed-system.Themagneticfieldinflictionde-vicesmakeupofthestentdevice,hollowshaft,permanentmagnetandthetransmis-sion.Inflictastablemagneticfieldinthevicinityofhole,andthemagneticfieldcanbedonerelativerotationmotionwiththeworkpiece.Keywords：Magnetorheological,MAF,holegroove,PolishingdevicesIII目录1绪论..........................................................................................................................11.1课题研究背景..................................................................................................11.2国内外的研究现状..........................................................................................31.2.1常用抛光工艺.........................................................................................31.2.2膛线常用加工及抛光..........................................................................111.3研究的主要内容............................................................................................132磁流变液的研制......................................................................................................142.1磁流变液组织成分分析................................................................................142.2磁流变效应及本课题的磁流变液的特性和配方........................................153磁流变流动抛光实验装置设计..............................................................................173.1基于磁流变流动抛光的内孔沟槽抛光实验装置的加工原理....................173.1.1基于磁流变和磁力研磨的磁流变流动抛光（MRAFF）................173.1.2实验装置的加工原理..........................................................................223.2功能模块的设计............................................................................................233.2.1液缸和曲柄滑块机构的设计..............................................................243.2.2磁场施加装置的设计..........................................................................273.2.3装夹工具的设计..................................................................................333.2.4运动平台的设计..................................................................................343.2.5搅拌装置的选择..................................................................................353.2.6液压系统的零件选择..........................................................................363.2.7磁流变液的过滤装置..........................................................................363.2.8其他装置..............................................................................................37结论..........................................................................................................................40参考文献................................................................................................................41致谢..........................................................................................................................4411绪论1.1课题研究背景在现代工业中，针对超长细管道内壁、细长管状零件内孔沟槽以及小口径大肚子容器内壁等，普通的研磨技术难以加工；而且对于硅基材料、压电材料、合成材料所制造而成的此类零件,具有硬度高、脆性大、高熔点、电绝缘的特性。对这类特殊复杂几何形状的工件采用传统的研磨技术，只能依靠手工研磨，劳动强度高、效率低，迫切需要研究新的加工方法与加工设备。下面对现代工业中具有相当加工难度的产品进行举例。图1.1为枪管膛线剖面图、图1.2为炮管