Unit-6-Thinking-As-a-Hobby

ThinkingAsaHobby–WilliamGolding11VI.ThinkingAsaHobbyAbouttheauthorWilliamGolding(b.1911)–Novelist:LordoftheFlies(1954–filmed1963);TheInheritors(1955);PincherMartin(1956);FreeFall(1959);TheSpire(1964);ThePyramid(1967);TheScorpionGod(1971).Hehasalsowrittenaplay,TheBrassButterfly(1958),andpublishedacollectionofessays,TheHotGates(19650).Nonovelistwhostartedhiscareersince1045hasachievedmoreprestige,andthiswasacquiredveryquicklyonthepublicationofhisfirstbook.Itsfamehasnodoubtbeeninpartduetoitspessimisticvisionofhumannatureasinherentlyviolent,reflectingthemoodofthepost-warandpost-Hitleryears;italsoepitomizesmid-20th-Cdisillusionmentwith19th-Coptimismabouthumannature.Golding’sfatherwasaschoolmasterwithradicalconvictionsinpolitics,abeliefthatreligionisoutmodedsuperstition,andastrongfaithinscience.Golding’sownworkisstrongly,butnotexplicitly,religious,inthePuritantraditionwhichemphasizesOriginalSin.In‘Fable’(TheHotGates)heexplainshowhisfirstnovelarosefromhisinsightsinthelastwar:‘Anyonewhomovedthroughthoseyearswithoutunderstandingthatmanproducesevilasabeeproduceshoney,musthavebeenblindorwronginthehead.’Thebookisalsomeanttocounteractwhatmaybecalled‘thedesertislandmyth’inEnglishLiterature,derivingfromDefoe’sRobinsonCrusoe,andparticularlyevidentinafamousbookforboys,TheCoralIsland(1857)byR.M.Ballantyne.Thismythnourishedthebeliefthathumanbeingsinisolationfromcivilizedrestraintswillsustaintheirhumanitybyinnatevirtues.MostoftheboysinLordoftheFliesquicklydegenerateintosavages,andtheprocessismademorehorrifyingbytheconvincingdelineationoftheircharacter.Golding,likehisfatherhasbeenaschoolmaster.Hislaternovelshaveshownvarietyofthemeandtreatment,butsimilarpreoccupationwithfundamentalcorruptionandcontradictioninhumannature.TheshowlikewiseGolding’smostconspicuousliteraryqualities:greatinventivenessinrealisticfantasy,andadispositiontousethenovelformasfable.ForinstanceTheInheritorsissciencefictionabouttheremotehumanpast:theeliminationofinnocentNeanderthalManbythearrivalofrapaciousHomoSapiens–anewversionofthemythoftheFall.PincherMartinisadramatizationoftherapacityinanindividual,andaspectacularexampleoffantasypresentedwithintheconventionsofrealism.TheSpireshowscomparableingenuityusedquitedifferently:itdescribesthebuildingofthespireSalisburyCathedralanddramatizestheconflictbetweenfaithandreason.(FromLongmanCompaniontoEnglishLiterture)________________________________Aboutthetextgrammarschool----InBritain,esp.inthepast,agrammarschoolisaschoolforchildrenaged11–18whoaregoodatstudying.InAmerica,esp.inthepast,itisaschoolforchildrenaged5–12/14.filingcabinet----apieceofofficefurniturewithdeepdrawerinwhichfilesarekeptintegrated----(ofpeople)mixingwithandjoiningsocietyoragroupofpeople,oftenchangingtosuittheirwayoflife,habitsandcustoms,or(ofsystemsandthings)tobesuitableforandcombineThinkingAsaHobby–WilliamGolding22witheachotherorwithwhatalreadyexistsThetown’smodernarchitectureisverywellintegratedwiththeold.整体协调的withvariouspartsfittingwelltogetheranintegratedtransportscheme(水陆空联运系统)anintegratedpersonality(完整人格:sbwhoispsychologicallystable.)disinterested----havingnopersonalinvolvementorreceivingnopersonaladvantage,andthereforefreetoactfairlyadisinterestedobserver/judgmentapieceofdisinterestedadvice(Note:Disinterestedissometimesusedtomeannotinterested,butmanypeopledonotconsiderthisusetobecorrect.)delight----givegreatpleasure,satisfactionorhappiness(usu.within)Peter’ssuccessatcollegedelighted(gavegreatpleasureto)hisfamily.Somepeopledelightin(getpleasurefrom)themisfortunesofothers.MybrotheralwaysdelightsintellingmewhenImakeamistake.gregarious----(ofpeople)likingtobewithotherpeople,or(esp.ofanimals)livingingroupsEmma’sagregarious,outgoingsortofperson.Pigeonsaregregariousbirds,butblackbirds(乌鸦)tendtobesolitary.stampede----(agroupoflargeanimalsetc.)rushawaywildlybecausesomethinghasfrightenedthemNoamountofpressurewillstampedethiscommitteeintomakinghastydecisions.(fig.)compensation----beingexchangedfororbeinginsteadofsomethingofequalorbettervalueIhavetospendthreemonthsoftheyearawayfromhome–buttherearecompensationslikeextrafreetimeandthechancetomeetnewpeople.He’slosthishair–sohewearsabearincompensation.adolescence----aperiodoflifetimebetweenachildhoodandadulthoodHehadatroubledadolescence.It’sjustanothernovelaboutthejoysandsorrowsofadolescence.atheist----someonewhobelievesthatGodorgodsdonotexist无神论者Shehasbeenaconfirmed/proclaimedatheistformanyyears.followsuit----dothesameHolySpirit----HolyGhost,thethirdpersonofthetrinity.(trinity–[Christiantheology]theunioninonGodheadofthreepersons:Father,SonandHolyGhost)theBible(KingJamesversion)----alsoAuthorizedVersion,theEnglishtranslationoftheOldandNewTestamentsmadebycommandofKingJamesI(1566–1625)andappointedtobereadinchurches.Sinceitwasfirstpublishedin1611inBritain,ithasexertedenormousinfluenceonBritainsociety,politics,morality,ideologyandmany,manyothers.ItissaidthatevenifallinThinkingAsaHobby–WilliamGolding33EnglishbutthisBibleweredestroyed,thisBible(K.J.Version)couldstillhaveallthebeautyandstrengthoftheEnglishlanguageex