美国先进制造的发展_5

Top15CountriesinManufacturing美國製造政策的變革TheTransformationofManufacturingPolicyintheUnitedStatesAlbertShih石昭明MechanicalEngineering,BiomedicalEngineering,IntegrativeSystems+DesignUniversityofMichiganatAnnArborAboutMe•1984BS,1986MS:成功大學,機械工程系•1991PhD:普渡大學,航空工程系•1991-1998:康明斯,製造工程師•1998-2002:北卡州立大學,機械航空工程系•2003-date:密西根大學,機械工程系,生醫工程系•ResearchArea:–Machining–BiomedicalManufacturing–Cyber-PhysicalAdditiveManufacturingofPersonalizedAssistiveDevices(forIndependentLivinginAgingSociety)Top15CountriesinManufacturingGlobalEconomicDevelopment–ADynamicSituation:1.Respectforhands-onskillsinthesocietyanddedicationofskilledtechniciansandengineersinmanufacturing.1.Solideducationfromhigh-techtechnicianstoPhDs1.Innovativeandhigh-value2.OutstandinggovernmentandindustryleadersRank1234567Note:anecdotalselectionandcomparisonconductedbyAlbertShihoncountrieswithoutextensivenaturalresourcesManufacturingShareofGDPForesight(2013).TheFutureofManufacturing:AneweraofopportunityandchallengefortheUKSummaryReport,TheGovernmentOfficeforScience,LondonManufacturing–Collapsedin2009andRebirthin20122TheChangingFaceofManufacturingworldwide2009Feb2009April2012Manufacturingisthetalkofpoliticians.Business,technicalandmedicalleaderstalkabout3D-printing.2008UnitedStateElectionPredictionandSwingStatesRecountin2008atOhioManufacturing–ANationalPolicySridharKotaProfessorofMechanicalEngineeringUniversityofMichiganAssistantDirectorofAdvancedManufacturingWhiteHouseOfficeofScienceandTechnologyProgram(OSTP)(2009-2012)(AMP)(先進製造夥伴)ManufacturingHighQualityJobsStateofManufacturingintheUSin201010•~halfofU.S.Exports•11%ofU.S.GDP,12millionU.S.jobsU.S.TradeBalanceforAdvancedTechnologyManufacturingProducts($Billions)U.S.TradeBalanceofAdvancedTechnologySwungtohistoricdeficit,lost1/3rdofworkforce•Nearly20%oftheworld’s manufacturedvalueaddedInventedhere,producedelsewhere.Source:MMolnar,AdvancedManufacturingNationalProgramOffice“OurfirstpriorityismakingAmericaamagnetfornewjobsandmanufacturing.Lastyear,wecreatedourfirstmanufacturinginnovationinstituteinYoungstown,Ohio.….Sotonight,I’mannouncingthelaunchof3moreofthesemanufacturinghubs,wherebusinesseswillpartnerwiththeDepartmentsofDefenseandEnergytoturnregionsleftbehindbyglobalizationintoglobalcentersofhigh-techjobs.AndIaskthisCongresstohelpcreateanetworkof15ofthesehubsandguaranteethatthenextrevolutioninmanufacturingisMadeinAmerica.”PresidentObamaStateoftheUnionAddressFebruary13,20132013StateoftheUnionAnnouncementSource:MMolnar,AdvancedManufacturingNationalProgramOfficeJune2011:AnnouncementoftheAdvancedManufacturingPartnership(AMP)(先進製造夥伴)•AnnouncedbyPresidentObamainJune2011atCMU.•12companies(Dow,ATI,Caterpillar,Corning,Ford,Honeywell,Intel,J&J,NorthropGrumman,P&G,Stryker,UnitedTech)•6universities(MIT,Michigan,CMU,Berkeley,Stanford,GaTech)•Governmentagencies(DoC,DoD,DoE,NSF)•Public-privatepartnership(PPP)2015-05-31經濟日報社論美國的先進製造夥伴計畫（AMP），是總統歐巴馬於2011年6月向全國宣布，強烈表達振興美國製造業的決心，之後即邀請全美六位大學校長及12家領先的製造業公司如福特、英特爾、康寧、Honeywell等，在白宮設立指導委員會並擬定行動方案，之後分成五個工作小組，一年內每周都召開全美視訊會議，討論出16項具體可行的執行建議。在凝聚共識後，2013年9月起，歐巴馬又挑選20個諮詢委員，研議落實之道，並陸續公布具體的執行計畫，再由國會通過預算執行，讓AMP成為美國製造業全面復興的主要推力。AMPWorkstreamsTechnologyPolicyEducationandWorkforceDevelopmentCommunicationsandOutreachSharedInfrastructureandFacilitiesAllegheny1415AdvancedManufacturingPartnershipAndrewLiverisCEO,DowChemicalSusanHockfieldPresident,MITPCAST/AMPreportreleasedJuly2012onwhitehouse.gov•16Recommendationsinthreeareas:innovation,talent,andpolicyAMPCo-chairsTwooftheserecommendations:1)Coordinated “whole of government” effort via AdvancedManufacturingNationalProgramOffice2)Pursue the “missing middle” via manufacturinginnovationhubsNNMIPresident’s Council of Advisors on Science and TechnologyThreekeyrecommendations:1)CreatetheAdvancedManufacturingNationalProgramOffice(AMNPO)tocoordinatethe“wholegovernment”effortinmanufacturing2)Pursuethe“gap”viatheNationalNetworkforManufacturingInnovation(NNMI)3)ExpandCommunityCollegeapprenticeshipskilltrainingandcertificationprogramsCommunityColleges:AKeyinAMP’sEducationandWorkforceDevelopment•FreeCommunityCollegeforall($60Bforover10years)–anObama’sInitiative•LeadbytheDepartmentofLabor•Educationandtrainingforworkersforskill“adjustment”•CommunityCollegesneedto:oWorkwithbusinessesoTeachskillsforjoboMeetstudents’needsIvyTech,Indiana2015PellissippiStateCommunityCollege,Knoxville,Tennessee2015InteragencyAdvancedManufacturingNationalProgramOffice(AMNPO)–HousedatDepartmentofCommerce/NatlInstituteofStandardsandTechMichaelMolnarDirectorAdvancedManufacturingNationalProgramOffice(AMNPO)(2011-present)•Worked25+yearsatCummins•StartedAMNPO(2011)•SupportedtheAdvancedManufacturingPartnership(AMP)(2011-2012)andAMP2.0(2013-2014)•EstablishtheroadmapforNationalNetworkforManufacturingInnovation(NNMI)•Workedwithcongressonpassing