国情简答和问答

分享至上11.WhatisthemeaningoftheNormanConquest?(诺曼征服的意义所在)A:ItmarkedtheestablishmentoffeudalisminBritain.2.WhatistheCommonwealthofNations?(什么是英联邦国家)A:ThecommonwealthofnationsinBritainisafreeassociationofindependentcountriesthatwasoncecoloniesofBritain。3.WhatisthespiritofTheGreatCharter?(magnacarta大宪章的精神所在)A：1.Alimitationsofthepoweroftheking2.Aguaranteeofthefreedomofthechurch3.Astatementofthefeudalandlegalrelationshipbetweenthecrownandthebarons4.WhydidtheEnglishbecomemoreimportantaftertheBlackDeath?(黑死病过后英国发生了怎样的变化)A：Theserfbecomethepaidlabour.Itpavingthewayforcapitalismandrestainedthegrowthofthepowerofthebarons.5.WhydidBritaincooperatecloselywiththeUnitedStateafterWorldWarII?(为什么在二战后英国和美国密切合作)A：BecausethewerealliedduringthewarandsharedthesameworriesabouttheformerSovietUnion。6.WhatweretheresultsoftheIndustrialRevolutioninBritain?（工业革命给英国带来的影响）A：1.Britainbecamethemostadvancedindustrialcountriesandalsothefinancialcenterintheworld。2.Urbanizationtookplace。Manynewcitiessprangup。3.Itcausedgreatchangesintheclassstructure。Theoldsocialclassesdeclined，andnewonesemergedanddeveloped.7.WhatistheBritishpoliticalsystem?(英国的政治体系)A:Britainisbothaparliamentarydemocracyandaconstitutionmonarchy。8.WhatarethethreefunctionsoftheHouseofCommons?（众议院的三个职能）A:Todraftlaws，toscrutinize,criticizeandrestraintheactivitiesofthegovernment,andtoinfluencefuturegovernmentpolicy9.WhatarethecharacteristicsofBritain’sagriculture?(英国农业的特点)A:Britain’sagricultureischaracterizedbyasmallportionofthepopulationengagedinagriculturalactivitieswithahighdegreeofmechanization.Althoughitemploysamere1％ofthecountry’slaborforce,itmeetsaround60％ofthenationaldemands.10.InwhatwaysdoBritishuniversitiesenjoycompleteacademicfreedom?(英国的大学是用什么方式做到学术上的完全自由)A:Britainuniversitiesenjoycompleteacademicfreedombecausetheycanappointownstaff，decidedwhichstudenttoadmit，providetheirowncoursesandawardtheirowndegrees。11.WhywasCorkgiventhenicknametheRebelCounty?(科克为什么被称作反叛之城)分享至上2A：BecausepeopleofCorkfoughttooverthrowEnglishrulesasearlyasin1491，andtheyareproudoftheirparticipationintheIrishwarofindependenceandtheIrishcivilwar。12.Whatdoestheslogan“notaxationwithoutrepresentation”?（“没有议会表决权就不交税款”口号的含义是）A：Thecolonistsresentedthetaxesandresistedthequarteringofsoldiers,insistingthattheycouldbetaxedonlybytheirowncolonialassemblies.13.WhatisthetheoryofpoliticsthatiscentraltotheWesternpoliticaltradition?（什么是西方的传统政治中心理论）A：AccordingtoDeclarationofIndependence,thatmenhaveanaturalrightto“Life,LibertyandthepursuitofHappiness”,thatgovernmentcanruleonlywith“theconsentofthegoverned”,thatanygovernmentmaybedissolvedwhenitfailstoprotecttherightsofthepeople.14.TheMeaningoftheTreatyofParis（巴黎条约的意义）?A：Withthesigningofthetreaty,theUSwonitsindependence.15.WhyistheUnitedSatesregardedasa“meltingpot”anda“salad”?（为什么美国又称作“meltingpot”anda“salad”）A:TheUS“isnotmerelyanationbutanationofnations”.Theimmigrantscameinwaves,includingtheEuropeans,theAfricansandtheAsians.Therefore,Americawasdescribedasa“meltingpot”wherevariousracialandethnicgroupswerecombinedintooneculture.Recently,Americanshavebeencalleda“salad”inthatpeopleofdifferentracesandethnicgroupsmixharmoniouslybutatthesametimekeeptheirdistinctcultureandcustom.16.WhatwasthecauseoftheAmericanCivilWar?(美国内战的起因)A：TheissueofslaverywasthefocusofAmericanpolitics,economicandculturallifebythemid-19thcentury,andtheaccumulatingconflictsbetweentheNorthandtheSouthledtothedivisionofthemandfinallythecivilwar.17.WhydidAmericachangeitspolicyandenterWorldWarII?（是什么原因改变了美国的政治立场并且参加第二次世界大战）A：BecauseoftheformationoftheAxis,theAmericangovernmentfearedthattheAxiscountrieswerewiningthewaranditmightthreatenAmerican’ssecurityandinterests.AndtheJapaneseairraidonPearsHarborbecamethedirectcauseforAmerica’sentranceintothewar.18.WhatmadetheUnitedStatesapowerfulcountrybytheendofWorldWarII?(什么原因致使美国在二战后变成了强大的国家)A：Duringthetwoworldwars,AmericanremainedneutralintheearlystageofthewarsandAmericawasn’tbattlefield.WhenAmericanenteredthewars,itwasalmostattheendofthewars.Bysharingthefruitofvictorywithotherallies,Americagreatlystrengtheneditspower,andbecomethemostpowerfulcountry.19.WhatarethecharacteristicsofAmericanConstitution?（美国宪法的特点）（有时会直接点出两个特点）分享至上3A：(1).“checksandbalances”,(2).Thepowersofthecentralgovernmentandthepowersofstategovernmentsarespecified.20.Whatis“checksandbalances”?（什么是制衡与平衡原则）A：Governmentconsistsofthreeparts:thelegislature,heexecutive,andthejudiciary,eachbranchhaspowersthattheothersdonothaveandeachbranchhasawayofcounteractingandlimitinganywrongfulactionbyotherbranch.21.WhatindustrialdevelopmentstookplaceduringthecolonialperiodofAmerica?（美国在殖民期间工业进行了怎样的发展）A:Thesecondaryindustriesdevelopedasthecoloniesgrew.Bythe18thcentury,regionalpatternsofdevelopmentinAmericahadbecomeclear.22.HowdidtheCivilWaraffecttheAmericaneconomy?(美国的内战是怎样影响其经济的)A：Aftercivilwar,thelargesoutherncottonplantationsbecamemuchlessprofitable.Northernindustries,whichhadexpandedrapidlybecauseofthedemandsofthewar,surgedahead.23．Whatdoesagribusinessmean?（农业企业的含义）A：Agribusiness,atermcreatedtoreflectthebig,corporatenatureofmanyfar