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Pronouns高考对代词的考查主要是人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词和关系代词等。设置特定的语境,对代词的数、性、格的变化进行考查中文主格宾格所有格名词性物代反身代词我我们你你们他她它他们Imemyminemyselfweusouroursourselvesyouyouyouryoursyourselfyouyouyouryoursyourselveshehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitselftheythemtheirtheirsthemselves1.Heis(my,mine)teacher.2.Herbrotherisalmostasoldas(mine,my).3.I’lldomyworkandyou(yours,your,your’s).4.Afriendof(mine,my,I)isgoingtoBerlin.5.Thisisnofaultof(yours,your).名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,在句中作主、宾、表或与of连用作后置定语,但不能作定语。Ourschoolishere,andtheirsisthere.(作主语)---IsthisEnglish-bookyours?(作表语)---No.Mineisinmybag.I'vealreadyfinishedmyhomework.Haveyoufinishedyours?(作宾语)反身代词可以在句中作宾语,表语,同位语。1)作宾语,表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。Hecalledhimselfawriter.2)作表语。Itdoesn‘tmatter.I’llbemyselfsoon.3)作主语或宾语的同位语,表示亲自或本人。Imyselfwashedtheclothes.指示代词:this,that,these,those,such,same①this(these)一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物;that(those)常指时间或空间较远的人或物。Thisismydeskandthatisyours.Wearebusythesedays.Inthosedaystheworkershadahardtime②this常指后面要讲到的事物,that则指前面讲到过的事物Iwanttotellyouthis:thepartywillbeheldtomorrow.Hehurthislegyesterday.That’swhyhedidn’tcome.③为了避免重复,常用that或those代替前面已提过的名词。TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthanthatofNanjing.Theearsofarabbitarelongerthanthoseofafox.4.this,that作副词,意为“这么,那么”,用在形容词或副词前作状语,表示程度Itisn’tthatcold.不定代词:不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但none和由some,any,no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语;every和no只能作定语常见的不定代词有all,each,either,neither,both,none,other,many,much,few,less以及含有some,any,no等的合成代词,如anybody,something,noone,something,everything,anything,nothingsomebody,everybody,nobodysomeone…both:either:neither:两者中间无任何一个,谓语动词多用单数,也可each:any:all:不定代词不定代词1.both,either,neither。以上词使用范围为两个人或物。all,any,none。以上词使用范围为三者以上。________ofthetwoboysisclever.两个男孩都很聪明。Thereareflowerson________sidesofthestreet.Thereareflowerson_________sideofthestreet.__________theflowersaregone.所有的花都谢了。Idon'tlike________oftheflowers.这些花我都不喜欢。Ilike__________oftheflowers.这些花我都不喜欢。EitherbotheitherAllanynoneall,both,every,each等与not连用,表示部分否定.Allbirdscouldnotfly.=NotallbirdscouldflyNobirdcouldfly.=Noneofthebirdscouldfly.Bothofusarenotteachers.•no=notany,表示“没有”,用来修饰可数名词或不可数名词,通常作定语,•none代替不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词作主语时,谓语动词可用单数也可用复数形式。none还可以在句中作宾语。注意:none既可以指人又可以指物,noone只能指人。no+可数名词单数=nota/anno+可数名词复数=notanyThereisnosuchthingasafreelunchintheworld.2.一般用法:some一般用于肯定句,any多用于疑问、否定或条件句。HehassomeChinesepaintings.Idon’tknowanyofthestudents.特殊用法:①any用于肯定句表示“任何”的意思。三者或三者以上当中的任意一个Anychildcandothat.(定语)Youmaytakeanyofthem.(宾语)②some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”。SmithwenttosomeplaceinEngland.(定语)4.some和any在句中还可作状语,作副词。some意为“大约”相当于“about”,而any则表示程度,意为“稍,丝毫”。Therearesome300workersonstrike.Doyoufeelanybettertoday?③some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。Wouldyoulikesomebananas?(邀请)Mum,couldyougivemesomemoney?(请求)3.each(各个),指两个或两个以上的人或物,侧重个体,在句中作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。every(每个),指三个或三个以上的人或物,侧重整体,在句中只能作定语。Everystudentinourclasshasadictionary.(定语,强调班上“所有的人”)Eachstudentinourclasshasadictionary.(定语,强调各个个体)Eachofthemhasbeenthere.(主语)Theteachergaveeachofthestudentsanewtextbook.(宾语)Weeachgotaticket.(同位语)one和ones代替前面的可数名词,one代单数,ones代复数4.one,that,it,those,theone,theones”指代”that代替前面提到的不可数名词或可数名词单数=theone;those代替前面提到的复数名词,有时可以用theones替换。Thecellphoneswemadenowadaysarebetterthanthose/theonesmade2yearsago.one和it:可代替前面出现过的单数名词,one指这类东西中的任何一个,指类属,泛指。it指前面所指的同一物。Ineedapentosignmyname.CanIhaveone?Icannotfindmynewpen.Haveyouseenit?4.one,that,it,those,theone,theones”指代”1)Ican'tfindmyhat.IthinkImustbuy________.2)Thehatyouboughtisbiggerthan__________Ibought.3)Ican‘tfindmyhat.Idon’tknowwhereIput______.4)ThepopularinChineseismuchlargerthan______inJapan.5)Theearsofarabbitarelongerthan__________ofafox.onetheoneitthatthose从作用和意义来看,it的用法可分为三类:1.指代作用(1)代替前文或后文所提到(单数可数名词,不可数名词,整个句子)。Althoughwecannotseeit,thereisairallaroundus.Itissaidthathehasdiedofadisease,butitisn’ttrue.(2)指环境、情形等。如:①Ican’tstanditanylonger.②Takeiteasy.③Itdoesn’tmatter.(3)指度量衡单位、时间、距离、季节、天气及自然现象。It’sgettingcolderandcoldernow.……2.形式作用(1)形式主语当动词不定式、v.ing形式或从句作主语时,通常把它们放在谓语之后,而用it作句子的形式主语。如:(I)It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.②Ittakesthreegenerationstomakeagentleman.(2)形式宾语1.Youmustmakeitcleartothemthatthesituationisserious.2.1wouldappreciateitifyoupaidincash.3.Theboylikesitwhenyoudothat.3.强调作用强调句型的基本结构为:Itis/was+所强调的成分+that/who+其他成分。5.one/another/theother/others/otherone…theotherone…another,another…some…theotherssome…others,others=otherpeople/things剩余部分theothers剩余的全部一定范围内两人(物),一个用one,另一个用theother。一定范围内三者,一个用one,另一个用one(another),other意思是“其他的”,不能单独使用,后面必须接名词,表泛指;others可指其他的人或东西,相当于other+名词复数;theothers特指其他某些人或物,相当于theother+名词复数。1.Idon’tlikethisone,canyoushowme__________?2.Youshouldthinkof__________.3.I’mbusynow,askmeaboutitsome__________time.4.Somelikebasketball,__________preferfootball.5.Iwanttodrink__________glassofmilk6.Fivestudentsinourclassareboys,______________aregirls.7.Shehastwobags,oneiswhite,____________isblack.8.Thereare________waysofsolvingthisproblem.one/another/theother/others/otheranotherothersotherothersanothertheotherstheotherother7.anyone/anyone;anyone仅指人,anyone既可指人,也可指物。a)none后跟of短语,既可指人又可指物,而noone只单独
本文标题:高考英语代词
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