28高考英语语法填空考点分析

高考英语语法填空（RationalCloze）考点分析与解题技巧1.考什么？(Ⅰ)纯空格形式的考点如下表：测试内容2007年2008年内容题号答案题号答案冠词35a介词33as31Behind/In39for36after/from代词物主代词33his指示代词人称代词40her34this/it不定代词37Other/Some连词从属连词32(宾从)36(定从)whowhere35(同位)That并列连词37but/yet复习思考(II)用所给词的适当形式填空的考点如下：测试内容2007年2008年内容题号答案题号答案动词非谓语动词不定式32tohelp-ed分词34settled-ing分词谓语动词的时态,语态31broke40results形容词或副词的比较级38higher词性转换38merrily39natural复习思考复习思考•What’stheusualwayyoufulfillthetaskGrammarFilling?三步完成:概读理解–分析填空–连贯检查复习思考思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎样入手呢?Discusswithyourgroupmembersaboutthefollowingsentences,andtrytofigureoutsomesimilaritiesofthewordsweshouldfillin.考点分析语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以动词(verb)（或其适当形式）、名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modalverbs)、连词(conj)或引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)考查各项语法内容。3.…theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullittosmalltownsome20kilometersaway(07年广东)考点一：冠词•无提示词•可数名词单数之前1.Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey….Sothefarmerkilled[40]__________goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.(07惠州一模)2.WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewas[35]________shy,nervousperfectionist.(08深圳二模)thea考查语法点:定冠词,不定冠词的用法考点分析a[解题技巧]下列情况很可能填不定冠词：(1)________+可数名词(单数)；(2)________+形容词+可数名词(单数)。下列情况下很可能填定冠词：(1)________(+定语)+名词+of等介词短语(表示特指)；(2)________(+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；(3)________(+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。考点分析考点二：介词•无提示词：注意搭配问题•与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等•与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语1.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis[39]________greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish…(07深二模)2.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback[34]_________thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.(08深圳一模)3.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes_________sale.(09广东)4.Hewasverytired_______________doingthisforawholeday…(08广东)ofat考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配考点分析onfrom/after考点三：代词•无提示词•作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。•指示代词（it和this）,不定代词，it用作引导词,反身代词等考查语法点:代词的基本用法考点分析1.Sherememberedhowdifficult_________wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.(08广东)2.Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinmyvillage,IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused_____.(07广东)3.Ithasbeensaidbefore,butexperiencingitmyselfhasmade_____wanttosayitagain:asmile…(09江门二模)itherme考点分析[解题技巧]因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词(不能作主语)等。在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了。考点四：连词或从句引导词•无提示词•两个主谓结构连接1.Itwasnotlong[39]_________thewaitresscamebackandthenshebegantowipedownthetableandsuddenlywassurprisedatwhatshesaw.(07深圳一模)2.Butnothingchangeduntilmidterm,[39]_________MaryAnne,astudentteacher,wasappointedtoourclassroom.(08深圳二模)3.Janepausedinfrontofacounter______someattractivetieswereondisplay.(09广东)4.Oneday,hecameupwithanidea_____hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.(08广东)beforewhen考查语法点:各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法考点分析wherethat[解题技巧](1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and,or,but等。(2)若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句(多要求考生填and,but,while,when,or等)还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。考点分析考点五：谓语动词•有提示词•与主语构成主谓结构1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI_______(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.(07广州一模)2.Hisfearoffailure________(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.(08深圳二模)3.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften________(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.(08广东)wastoldkept考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致考点分析results考点六：非谓语动词•有提示词•除谓语动词以外的动词形式1.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson[32]__________(receive)thegift.(07广州一模)2.…IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft____________(complete)therest!(07广二模)3.Mypupils,Donnie[40]__________(include),adoredher.(08深圳二模)4.Shewishedthathewasaseasy_________(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.(09广东)receivingtocompleteincluded考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用考点分析toplease考点七：词性转换•有提示词•介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid[36]__________(rude).(07深圳一模)2.AsfarasIamconcerned,my[37]____________(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishwithineasyreach.(08惠二模)3.Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir_______(nature)course.(08广东)4.____________(doubt),althoughthereisstillroomforimprovementtothispolicy,Ithinkitisstillagoodonewhichbringsmoregoodthanharmtothestudentsandthenation.(09汕头水平考试)rudelysuggestion考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化考点分析naturalUndoubtedly考点八：形容词的级•有提示词•通常，有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级1.Oneofthe[33]__________(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher…(07广州一模)2.…Wewerebothlaughingthewholetimeatourcompleteinabilitytocommunicateinwords.Whenitwastimetoleave,Isaid“thankyou”inKorean,usingsomeofthefewwordsIhadlearned.Ifelt__________(lonely)thanIhadexpectedthatnight.(2009届江门二模)3.LucilleCliftonisanaward-winningpoetandwriter.Criticscallheroneofthe_________(great)writersofourtime.(双语报第3期)worst考点分析lesslonelygreatest总结提升一．根据句子结构，确定词性动词名词形容词副词冠词介词连词代词词性一般有提示词无提示词总结提升二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形冠词定冠词,不定冠词并列句及复合句非谓语非谓语动词todo,doing,done及变形谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致连词介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配词性变化词汇,构词法谓语动词代词人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词Sumup:1.给出动词→排除掉填谓语动词及非谓语动词外，考虑其否定词（dis-/mis），名词（-ment/ation/-er等表身份人物的后缀），形容词（-able/-ed/-ing)2.给出名词→形容词（常考ce↔t，天气类常加-y，或者考-ful/-less等）3.给出形