黎坚等心理负荷对元记忆监测准确性及偏差的影响[J]心理发展与教育

©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(2009)0320061267:B84412:A31,211,23(11,100875;21,100875;31,100088):,,,(JOL)(JOC),,,,:,:,;,;,;,:;;;;3:.:,.E2mail:[e-mail]170,40,,[1],,(prospectivemonitoring)(retrospectivemonitoring)[2],(JudgmentofLearning,JOL),(MetacognitiveKnowledgeMonitoringAssessment,KMA)(EaseofLearning,EOL);,(Feelingofknowing,FOK)(JudgmentofConfidence,JOC)[3]:,[4]AB(),(80%)(40%)Gamma,Gamma,[-1,1],,[5,6],,(calibrationcurves)[7][0,1],,;(),,Koriat,[8],[-1,1],,[911]:,(Overconfidence),(Underconfidence),(),,,12,Gamma1620093©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(CA)=ni=1|Ci-Pi|n(1):Cii();Pii(01);n(BI)=…C-…P(2):…C,…P[3],,,,,,[12]Nietfeld,,[9],,[1317],[18],,,[19]KoriatLevy2Sadot,,,,[20],,(mentalloading),,,[21],,,,,,,,?,(JOC),(JOL),,,JOLJOC?,,,?221141(2219),2225,21225,,010101021161124578101113141920256678916161123456162738492620093©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(:69:16)4(67891616),(JOL)(JOC),:gamma,(CA),(BI)214PentiumIV,17800600,VB:,;1012(11310,142512);,;10P,;(15);,?;20?,;(15)25,,JOLJOC,,,,10,,2,3311gamma,gamma,,,9,gamma32(1715)(:-69-16)(:JOLJOC),gamma,F(1,31)=11123,p0101,2=0127,,F(1,31)=22119,p0101,2=0142,,F(1,31)=16100,p01001,2=0134,JOL,gamma,F(1,31)=17169,p01001,,gamma,;JOC,gamma,F(1,31)=0166,gamma,F(1,31)=1120;,JOLgammaJOC,F(1,31)=35117,p01001312CA41,39CA,CA,F(1,38)=114193,p01001,2=0175,,36:©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(1,38)=131178,p01001,2=0178,,F(1,38)=54187,p01001,2=0159,JOLJOC,CA,JOL,F1(1,38)=173118,p01001,F2(1,38)=29189,p01001,,CA,,,JOLCAJOCCA,,F1(1,38)=20106,p01001;F2(1,38)=112182,p01001,,,;,(gamma),,67891616,,CA,F(3,114)=56189,p01001,2=0160,,F(1,38)=131178,p01001,2=0178,,F(3,114)=27159,p01001,2=0142,,JOLCAJOC,F1(1,38)=9199,p0101,F2(1,38)=12184,p0101,F3(1,38)=58124,p01001,F4(1,38)=89104,p01001;,,CA,F1(3,114)=89157,p01001,F2(3,114)=19172,p01001,,JOL,,CA;JOC,8,CA,,CA(6789),CA,,F(3,114)=1121;,F(1,38)=20106,p01001,2=0135,9,JOCCAJOL;,F(3,114)=21171,p01001,2=0136,67CA;8,CA(p10101,p20101);9,CA,(p0101)313BIBICA,BI,F(3,114)=4142,p0101,2=0110,,F(1,38)=41158,p01001,2=0152,,F(3,114)=12160,p01001,2=0125,,JOLBIJOC,F1(1,38)=8162,F2(1,38)=5162,F3(1,38)=11169,F4(1,38)=39181,p01001;,JOLJOC,BI,F1(3,114)=6189,p01001,F2(3,114)=3103,p0105,JOL,89,BI;6716,BI,16BIJOC,89,BI67,BI,BI,,t,JOL4BI0,67,(t=-0138,df=38);89,(t=2171,df=38,p0105);16,,(t=-0151,df=38);,,,(t=-2177,df=38,p0101),,BI4620093©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(3,114)=0140,,F(3,114)=4159,p0101,2=0111;,JOLBIJOC,F(1,38)=8197,p0101,2=01194411,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(JOC)(JOL):,[22],,,,JOLJOCJOC,(?),,,412,,,,,JOLJOC,JOL,:,;,[17],,U:,;,,;,,;,,,,,[21];,,[12],;,,413,[2325],,[26],Vukman,1(well2definedproblem)6(ill2definedproblem),,(r=0144,p01001),,,[27],,,,,,;,,,EversonTobiasKMA,KMAGPA,,56:©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[28],KMATobias,KMA,KMAGPA,[29],,,,,,,;,,,,,,,5,:,,,:,;,;,;,:[1],,..,2006,29(5):1243-1246.[2]NelsonTO,NarensL.Whyinvestigatemetacognition?InMetcalfeJ,ShimamuraAP(Eds).Metacognition:Knowingaboutknowing.Cambridge,MA:MITPress,1994,1-25.[3],,..,2008,31(3):748-750.[4]NelsonTO.AcomparisonofcurrentmeasuresoftheaccuracyofFeeling2of2Knowingpredictions.PsychologicalBulletin,1984,95(1):109-133.[5]NelsonTO.ROCcurvesandmeasuresofdiscriminationaccuracy:AreplytoSwets.PsychologicalBulletin,1986,100(1):128-132.[6]GonzalezR,NelsonTO.Measuringordinalassociationinsituationsthatcontaintiedscores.PsychologicalBulletin,1996,119(1):159-165.[7]LichtensteinS,FischhoffB,PhillipsLD.Calibrationofprobabilities:Thestateoftheartto1980.InKahnemanD,SlovicP,TverskyA(Eds).Judgmentunderuncertainty:Heuristicsandbiases.Cambridge,England:CambridgeUniversityPress,1982,306-334.[8]KoriatA.Monitoringonesownknowledgeduringstudy:Acue2utilizationapproachtojudgmentoflearning.JournalofExperimentalPsychology:General,1997,126(4):349-370.[9]NietfeldJL,CaoL,OsborneJW.Metacognitivemonitoringaccuracyandstudentperformanceinthepostsecondaryclassroom.TheJournalofExperimentalEducation,2005,74(1):7-28.[10]KerenG.Calibrationandprobabilityjudgments:Conceptualandmethodologicalissues.ActaPscyhologica,1991,77(3):217-273.[11]YatesJF.Judgmentanddecisionmaking.EnglewoodCliffs,NJ:Prentice2Hall,1990.[12]SchneiderW.Developmentaltrendsinthemetamemory2memorybehaviorrelationship:Anintegrativereview.InForrest2PressleyDL,MacKinnonGE,WallerTG(Eds).Metacognition,cognition,andhumanperformance.NewYork:Academic,1985,57-109.[13]WeaverCAIII,BryantDS.Monitoringofcomprehension:Theroleoftextdifficultyinmetamemoryfornarrativeandexpositorytext.Memory&Cognition,1995,23(1):12-22.[14]KrugerJ,DunningD.Unskilledandunawareofit:Howdifficultiesinrecognizingonesownincompetenceleadtoinflatedself-assessments.JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychol