LVS官方教材

LinuxVirtualServerAdministration5.0LinuxVirtualServer(LVS)forRedHatEnterpriseLinux5.0ISBN:N/APublicationdate:BuildingaLinuxVirtualServer(LVS)systemoffershighly-availableandscalablesolutionforproductionservicesusingspecializedroutingandload-balancingtechniquesconfiguredthroughthePIRANHA.Thisbookdiscussestheconfigurationofhigh-performancesystemsandserviceswithRedHatEnterpriseLinuxandLVS.LinuxVirtualServerAdministrationLinuxVirtualServerAdministration:LinuxVirtualServer(LVS)forRedHatEnterpriseLinux5.0Copyright©YouneedtooverridethisinyourlocalentfileRedHat,Inc.Copyright©YouneedtooverridethisinyourlocalentfileRedHatInc..ThismaterialmayonlybedistributedsubjecttothetermsandconditionssetforthintheOpenPublicationLicense,V1.0orlaterwiththerestrictionsnotedbelow(thelatestversionoftheOPLispresentlyavailableat).Distributionofsubstantivelymodifiedversionsofthisdocumentisprohibitedwithouttheexplicitpermissionofthecopyrightholder.Distributionoftheworkorderivativeoftheworkinanystandard(paper)bookformforcommercialpurposesisprohibitedunlesspriorpermissionisobtainedfromthecopyrightholder.RedHatandtheRedHatShadowManlogoareregisteredtrademarksofRedHat,Inc.intheUnitedStatesandothercountries.Allothertrademarksreferencedhereinaret[e-mail]:CA2086862BD69DFC65F6ECC4219180CDDB42A60E1801VarsityDriveRaleigh,NC27606-2072USAPhone:[phone]Phone:[phone]Fax:[phone]POBox13588ResearchTrianglePark,NC27709USALinuxVirtualServerAdministrationIntroduction..............................................................................................................vii1.DocumentConventions................................................................................viii2.Feedback......................................................................................................ix1.LinuxVirtualServerOverview.................................................................................11.ABasicLVSConfiguration..............................................................................11.1.DataReplicationandDataSharingBetweenRealServers.....................32.AThree-TierLVSConfiguration......................................................................33.LVSSchedulingOverview..............................................................................53.1.SchedulingAlgorithms.........................................................................53.2.ServerWeightandScheduling.............................................................74.RoutingMethods............................................................................................74.1.NATRouting.......................................................................................74.2.DirectRouting.....................................................................................95.PersistenceandFirewallMarks......................................................................115.1.Persistence........................................................................................115.2.FirewallMarks....................................................................................126.LVS—ABlockDiagram................................................................................126.1.LVSComponents...............................................................................142.InitialLVSConfiguration........................................................................................171.ConfiguringServicesontheLVSRouters.......................................................172.SettingaPasswordforthePiranhaConfigurationTool.................................183.StartingthePiranhaConfigurationToolService...........................................183.1.ConfiguringthePiranhaConfigurationToolWebServerPort.............194.LimitingAccessTothePiranhaConfigurationTool......................................205.TurningonPacketForwarding.......................................................................216.ConfiguringServicesontheRealServers.......................................................213.SettingUpLVS.....................................................................................................231.TheNATLVSNetwork..................................................................................231.1.ConfiguringNetworkInterfacesforLVSwithNAT.................................231.2.RoutingontheRealServers...............................................................251.3.EnablingNATRoutingontheLVSRouters..........................................252.LVSviaDirectRouting..................................................................................262.1.DirectRoutingandarptables_jf.......................................................272.2.DirectRoutingandiptables..............................................................283.PuttingtheConfigurationTogether.................................................................293.1.GeneralLVSNetworkingTip