2014・新课标高考总复习・英语阅读理解专项攻略九议论说理类

2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）议论说理类文章就是议论文，是高考阅读理解题中一种较难的题目。议论说理类文章具有以下特点：1．一般按提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的方法写作。作者一般从日常生活中的热点问题、社会上的重大问题、与读者息息相关的问题入手，即提出问题。然后，分析利弊，举例说明，推理判断，即分析问题。最后，阐述观点，提出办法，即解决问题。2．以作者的观点或情感为核心，对细节推理等方面进行考查。3．文章的主题一般是生活中的热点问题、重大问题或与生活息息相关的问题等。2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）Forsomereasonwewereremindedthatweprimates(灵长目)needlove.KimBardoftheUniversityofPortsmouthinEnglandandhercolleaguescarriedoutastudyon46babychimpanzeesorphans(黑猩猩孤儿)，whichhadlosttheirmothers.Thestudyshowedthatprimatebabiesthathavetightrelationshipswithmotherfiguresdomuchbetteroncognitive(认知的)teststhanbabieswhoonlygrewupwithpeers(同伴)，butthisisnotbreakingnews.Infact，it'soldnews.Inthe1950s，HarryHarlowdidaseriesofexperimentswithbabymonkeysthatshowed，thatlackofloveandcomfortmakes_foracrazymonkey.2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）Harlowmadeacagethatincludedawiremonkey“mother”withaplasticface.Thenheequippedthe“mother”withamilkbottle.Thecagealsohadanotherwire“mother”whowascoveredwithsoftcloth.Thebabymonkeysspentalltheirtimewiththecloth“mother”andonlywenttothewire“mother”tofeed.Harlow'smonkeyexperimentwasimportantbecause，atthetime，childcareexperts，andeverybody'sgrandmotherhada“notouch，nocomfort”policy(方针)towardchildren.Theyadvisedparentsnottorespondtocryingbabies.Theythoughtthatbabiesshouldsleepalonetobecomeindependent，andputthatkiddown.ButHarlow'sworkchangedthatpolicy.Mothersweresoonallowedtohavetheirbabiesnexttotheminthehospital.2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）Thecurrentchimpresearch(研究)basedonHarlow'sworkshowsthatmother'slovedoesn'tjustmakeforapsychologically(精神上地)healthychild，italsomakesforasmartchild.Thehighlyraisedchimpsdobetterthanthosethatarenotloved，andthewellraisedchimpsdoevenbetterthanhumankidsonIQtests.Weareprimates，socialanimalswhichneedlove.Weneedtobeheldandtalkedtoandmadetofeelthatatleastonepersonwantstobewithusallthetime.2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）1．ThestudyKimBardandhiscolleaguesdid________.A．included46babyandmothermonkeysB．isnothingnewtopeopleaboutthefindingsC．showedthatmanychimpanzeeslackoflovewhentheywereyoungD．showedmanychimpanzeeshadgoodrelationshipwiththeirmothers2．Theunderlinedpart“makesfor”inthethirdparagraphmeans________.A．dosomethingforB．headforC．bringaboutD．connectto2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）3．Harlowbuilttwo“mothers”forbabymonkeysto________.A．makethemlivecomfortablyB．letthemhavemorechoicesC．givethemmoreloveD．makecomparisonwell4．Whichofthefollowingcanweinferfromthepassage?A.WellraisedchimpsarebetterthanpeopleinIQ.B．Sometimesit'snotwrongtohavenotouchandnocomforttobabies.C．Chimpsgrowingupincagesarelesssmarterthanchimpsgrowingupinwild.D．Babieswhosleepwithmotherstendtobeclevererthanbabiessleepalone.2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章主要是通过对灵长目动物的两个实验说明，母爱对于小孩的成长有着非常重要的作用。因此父母亲应该多给孩子们一些爱，以让小孩们健康地成长。1．B细节理解题。第二段第一句提到是46只小猴，因此A项错误；根据文章第二段最后一句可知B项正确；C项没有事实依据；文章第二段第二句提到和母亲关系好的小猴认知水平比其他小猴要好些，但是这不能说明D项。2．C猜测词义题。缺少母爱的小猴和成为疯狂的猴子是一种因果关系，因此答案选C。3．D推理判断题。根据文章第四段可知制造两个假母猴的目的是更好地比较缺乏母爱与否与小猴后来发展的关系。因此D是正确答案。2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）4．D推理判断题。文章第四、五段提到自从Harlow做了那个实验后，人们就认为母亲和婴儿睡在一起对婴儿的成长好一些，因此可知D项正确。【难句分析】[原文]Harlowmadeacagethatincludedawiremonkey“mother”withaplasticface.[译文]Harlow制造了一个笼子，里面装着一个有着塑料脸的猴妈妈。[分析]本句中thatincludedawiremonkey“mother”withaplasticface为定语从句，先行词为cage。2014·新课标高考总复习·英语（WY）本小节结束请按ESC键返回