高考英语语法考点复习课件 虚拟语气

虚拟语气熟读深思1.条件状语从句中的虚拟语气(1)IfI__had__(have)time,Iwouldgothere.(2)Ifyouhadcomeearlier,you__couldn't/wouldn't_have_missed__(miss)thebus.(3)Ifit__should_rain/were_to_rain__(rain)tomorrow,thesportsmeetwouldbeputoff.IF从句主句与过去情况相反时与现在情况相反时与将来事实可能相反时haddoneWould/could/might/shouldhavedonedid(be用were)woulddo1)did(be用were)2)should+动原3)wereto+动原Would/could/might/shoulddo归纳总结①Ifhehadn’tmissedthetrain,hewouldarrivedherenow.②Ifhehadn’tmissedthetrain,hewouldhavearrivedherethen.错综时间条件句1.比较:Practice:①假如你接受了我的意见，你现在就会好的多。Youmuchbetternowifyoumyadvice.wouldbehadtaken②要不是你误了公共汽车的话，我们现在正在听音乐会呢．Ifyou____________thebus,we________________theconcertnow.hadn’tmissedwouldbeenjoying２．想一想Withoutair,wewouldnotliveevenforfiveminutes.=____________________,wewouldnotliveevenforfiveminutes.Jackcan’thavearrivedyet;otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.=Jackcan’thavearrivedyet;______________,hewouldhavetelephonedme.WithoutwouldnotliveIftherewerenoairotherwisewouldhavetelephonedifhehadarrived含蓄虚拟条件句ButforJohn,we______thematchlastweek.A.wouldhavelostB.wouldloseC.hadlostD.lostPractice:wouldhavelostHehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe______agoal.A.hadscoredB.scoredC.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescoredwouldhavescoredWithoutelectricityhumanlife_______quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbeWithoutwouldbe1.Shouldhecome(＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿),tellhimtoringmeup.2.WereIyou(),Iwouldnotdoit.3.Hadhebeenmorecareful(),suchmistakescouldhavebeenavoided.３．判别IfheshouldcomeIfIwereyouIfhehadbeenmorecareful如果虚拟条件句中有were,had或should，可省略连词if构成主谓倒装()Weren’titfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.()Wereitnotfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.√×√TrueorfauseWereitnot1.Whatwouldhavehappened_______asfarastheriverbank?A.hadBobwalkedfartherB.BobhadwalkedfartherC.ifBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobhadwalkedfarhadBobwalkedfarther2._____fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.A.WouldyoubeB.ShouldyoubeC.CouldyoubeD.MightyoubeShouldyoube３._____itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.WillShould熟读深思2.名词性从句中的虚拟语气(1)ItissuggestedthatI(should)exerciseeveryday.Thedoctor'ssuggestionisthatI(should)exerciseeveryday.(2)Hisfacesuggestedthathewasverysad.(3)Howhewishesthathewereabird.(4)WewishthatwehadvisitedtheGreatWalllastyear.熟读深思(5)Wewishwewouldliveonthemoononeday.(6)Iwouldratheryouwerenotherewithmenow.(7)Iwouldratheryouhadn'tdonethat.(8)Itisimportantthatwe(should)haveagoodknowledgeofcomputerscience.(9)Itisapitythatyou(should)beabsentfromthemeeting.(10)Wearesurprisedthathe(should)beadoctor.规则1：名词性从句中，表示“建议，命令，要求”等意义时，名词性从句用(should)＋动词原形。(1)建议：动词advise,suggest,propose,recommend(名词advice,suggestion,proposal,recommendation)(2)命令：名词order,command(3)要求：动词request,require,demand,ask,insist(名词request,requirement,demand)，如：(1)。归纳总结【注意】(1)suggest意为“表明，暗示”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气，如：(2)。(2)insist意为“坚持认为，坚持说”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。规则2：Iwish(that)＋宾语从句(虚拟语气)(1)表示愿望与“现在事实相反”，从句用一般过去时，如：(3)。(2)表示愿望与“过去事实相反”，从句用过去完成时，如：(4)。(3)表示愿望实现的可能性很小，从句常用could/might/would＋动词原形，如：(5)。归纳总结规则3：wouldrather/prefer＋that从句(从句用虚拟语气)(1)表示愿望与“现在事实相反”，从句用一般过去时，如：(6)。(2)表示愿望与“过去事实相反”，从句用过去完成时，如：(7)。规则4：名词性从句表示说话人“强烈”的感情色彩时，从句用should＋动词原形/should＋havedone，should可译为“应该；居然，竟然”。should可以省略。归纳总结常见的句型如下：(1)Itisimportant/necessary/strange/surprising/funny/natural＋that从句，如：(8)。(2)Itisapity/ashame/anhonour/nowonderthat从句，如：(9)。(3)主语＋be＋sorry/disappointed/surprised＋that从句，如：(10)。归纳总结熟读深思3.定语从句中的虚拟语气(1)It'stimethatweshouldgohome.(2)It'stimethatwewenthome.(3)ItisthesecondtimethatIhavevisitedBeijing.(4)ItwasthesecondtimethatIhadvisitedBeijing.归纳总结It's(about/high/very)timethat从句(从句用虚拟语气，谓语用一般过去式或shoulddo,should不能省略)，意为“某人该做某事了”，如：(1)、(2)。注意下面固定句型的时态搭配：①It/Thisisthefirst/second/…timethat＋主语＋has/havedone…②It/Thiswasthefirst/second/…timethat＋主语＋haddone.如：(3)、(4)。熟读深思4.简单句中的虚拟语气(1)LonglivethePeople'sRepublicofChina!(2)Mayyousucceed！(3)Everybodyleavetheroom!(4)Letoneofyougoandtellhertocome.归纳总结虚拟语气用于简单句时，一般表示祝愿、命令等。谓语要用动词原形。规则1：表示祝愿，如：(1)、(2)。规则2：表示命令，如：(3)、(4)。熟读深思5.含蓄虚拟语气(1)Ifonlyyou__hadn't_told__(nottell)himthenews.(2)Humanbeingswoulddiewithoutwater.⇒Humanbeings__would_die__iftherewerenowater.(3)I__couldn't_have_succeeded__butforyourhelp.⇒Icouldn'thavesucceededifyouhadn'thelpedme.熟读深思(4)Ihadnomoneythen.OtherwiseIwouldhaveboughtthatbook.IfI__had_had__moneythen,Iwouldhaveboughtthatbook.(5)Hadtheyhadtime(＝Iftheyhadhadtime)，theywouldhavecertainlycometohelpus.(6)IfIhadstudiedinauniversity,Iwouldgetthejobinthecompany.归纳总结常用含蓄虚拟语气的情况：规则1：ifonly意为“要是……就好了”(与wish后面的虚拟语气类似)，如：(1)。规则2：without/butfor如果没有……，……就会……。如：(2)、(3)。规则3：otherwise/or否则，不然的话，就会……。如：(4)。【注意】(1)当虚拟语气的条件状语从句中有had，should，were时，在正式或书面语言中可将if省略，而把had，should，were提前到句首，变为半倒装，如：(5)。归纳总结(2)混合虚拟语气虚拟语气中，常出现从句与主句表示不同时期的事情，此时，从句与主句则分别用不同时态的虚拟语气。如：(6)。(3)几种特别用法was/weresupposedtohavedone理应做……was/weretohavedone本计划做……hadthought/believed…，but…本以为……hadplanned/intended…，but…本计划……，本打算……hadwished/hoped…，but…本希望……