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WORD格式整理版学习参考好帮手2013届高三英语语法复习:动词的时态语态时态和语态是广东高考语法填空中的必考点,每年至少必考1题。究竟考些什么内容?现将考点简述如下:1.时态。时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态。英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的。英语中常用的时态有16种,但高考考试说明中规定要掌握的有十种:10种时态构成(以do为例)主要用法一般现在时do/does经常性或习惯性动作,客观事实,现在的状态一般过去时did在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态一般将来时will/shalldo在将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态过去将来时woulddo在过去某一时刻看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态现在进行时am/is/aredoing表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作过去进行时was/weredoing表示在过去某一时间内正在进行的动作将来进行时will/shallbedoing表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作现在完成时have/hasdone表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结果的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态过去完成时haddone表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动词,即“过去的过去”现在完成进行时have/hasbeendoing表示一个从过去就开始一直延续到现在并有可能继续下去的动作注:(1)表示将来还有多种形式,如:“begoingto+动词原形”“beto+动词原形”“beaboutto+动词原形”等。在飞机、火车等时刻表中规定的事情,或在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中,要用一般现在时表示将来;表示计划好的活动,还常用现在进行时表示。(2)现在进行时与always,continually,constantly等连用,表示说话人的某种情感,如赞扬,遗憾,讨厌或不满等。如:Heisalwayshelpingothers.他总是帮助别人。(赞扬)2.语态。语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态;主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成,不同时态的被动语态的形式由be来体现,如一般过去时的被动语态就是“was/were+过去分词”,一般将来时的被动语态就是“willbe+过去分词”。解题技巧在广东高考英语语法填空中,一般有一空是考查谓语动词的时态,同时有一空是考查非谓语动词,因此,首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词;若是谓语动词,一是根据主语与谓语动词的关系判断用主动语态还是用被动语态,二是根据具体的语境来判断用哪一种时态,进而确定所填动词的形式。例1:Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheirnaturalcourse.BeingWORD格式整理版学习参考好帮手tooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften40(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.(2008广东)分析:因句中Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelop是动名词短语作主语,括号中的result应当为谓语动词;主语与谓语动词是主动关系,再说短语动词resultin本身是不能用于被动语态的,故用主动语态;根据语境,这段话是拔苗助长这个成语故事所说明的道理,“我们必须让事物沿着它们的自然进程发展。太着急帮助一件事物发展,结果往往和我们的意图相反(欲速则不达)。”这是客观真理,应当用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故填results。例2:Thepoliceman’sattentionwassuddenlycaughtbyasmallboxwhich__________(place)undertheMinister’scar.(2005广东)分析:替代thebox的关系代词which在定语从句中作主语,place应当为谓语动词;因主语which(thebox)与place(放置)是被动关系,故用被动语态;又因place这个动作发生在wascaught这个动作之前,即“过去的过去”,用过去完成时的被动语态,故填hadbeenplaced。一、单句填空:用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Thehousebelongstomyauntbutshe____________(notlive)hereanymore.(全国I)2.Thismachine_______________(notwork).Ithasn’tworkedforyears.(浙江)3.Iftheirmarketingplanssucceed,they________________(increase)theirsalesby20percent.(全国Ⅱ)4.Populationexpertspredictthatmostpeople_____________(live)incitiesinthenearfuture.(上海春)5.He__________(play)footballregularlyformanyyearswhenhewasyoung.(天津)6.--HaveyouknownDr.Jacksonforalongtime?--Yes,sinceshe_________(join)theChineseSociety.(宁夏)7.Teenagers____________(damage)theirhealthbecausetheyplaycomputergamestoomuch.(重庆)8.IcalledHnnahmanytimesyesterdayevening,butIcouldn’tgetthrough.Herbrother__________(talk)onthephoneallthetime!(湖南)9.Johnpromisedhisdoctorhe_____________(notsmoke),andhehassmokedeversince.(北京)10.Bythistimetomorrow,I_____________(lie)onthebeach11.Sofarthisyearwe___________(see)afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.(福建)12.Thehotelwasn’tparticularlygood.ButI____________(stay)inmanyworsehotels.(北京)13.Wefirstmetonatrainin2000.Webothfeltimmediatelythatwe____________(know)eachotherforyears.(辽宁)14.--I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.--Ithinkso.He_____________________(prepare)foritformonths.(江苏)15.Thetelephone________________(ring),butbythetimeIgotindoors,itstopped.(四川)16.--Didyougototheshowlastnight?--Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea_______________(invite).(陕西)17.--What’sthatnoise?--Oh,Iforgottotellyou.ThenewmachineWORD格式整理版学习参考好帮手_______________(test).(浙江)18.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey___________________(teach)manytimesontheradio.(安徽)19.Nodecision_______________(make)aboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeeninterviewed.(北京)20.--Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyou______________(offer)thisjob?--Well,I’mthinkingaboutthesalary….(湖南)二、语篇填空阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31~40的相应位置上。(以动词时态为主)(1)ItwasgettingdarkwhenIgothome.ItwascoldandI[1]_______________(wear)acoat.Iwalkeduptothedoorandputmyhandintomypocket[2]________(take)outmykey[3]______Icouldn’tfindit.IsuddenlyrememberedthatIhadleft[4]______onmydeskintheoffice.Itreallydidn’tmake[5]________difference.Iknewmywifewasathomeandthechildrenmusthavecomebackfromschool[6]________now,soIknockedatthedoor.Therewasnoanswer,soIknockedagain.I[7]____________(continue)knockingatthedoorforsometime.Iwasgettingangry.ThenIrememberedsomethingtheofficeboyhadtoldmeatnoon.Hesaidthatmywife[8]________(phone)sayingthatshe[9]_____________(go)shoppingintheafternoonwiththechildren.Therewasonlyonethingformetodo:Ihadtoclimein[10]___________awindow.(2)Whenhewasalittleboy,ChristopherCockerelloncewatchedhismother[1]_______________(turn)thewheelofhersewing-machinewithherhand.“Wouldn'titwork[2]________(quick)ifamachineturnedthewheelforyou?”heasked.“Isupposeitwould,”saidhismother,without[3]________(pay)himanyattention.Christopher[4]________(know)shealwayshadalotofwork,andhewanted[5]________(help)her.Upinhisbedroomtherewasatoysteam-enginewhichhisfatherhadbought[6]______asagift.“I[7]__________________(make)betteruseofit,”littleChristophersaidtohimself.So,whenhismother[8]____________(notuse)hersewing-machine,hefixedthetoysteam-engineontoit.Whenthejob[9]____________(finish),hewasquitepleased,[10]____________(think)hismother[11]____________(like)it.“Veryclever,”hismothersaid,whens
本文标题:语法填空专项训练-时态语态
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