英语专业毕业论文

自学考试毕业论文英语专业论文题目：AComparativeStudyofChineseandEnglishBodyLanguages作者：准考证号：指导教师：Contents1.Introduction………………………………………………………………….…......12.Pragmaticfeaturesofbodylanguage…………………………….…........................22.1Emblems…………………………………………….…....……………………22.2Illustrators………………………………………………………………………22.3Regulators………………...................................................................................22.4Affectdisplays………………………………………………………………….32.5Adaptors………………………………………………………………………...33.Pragmaticfunctionsofbodylanguage……………………………………………...33.1Complement……………………….....................................................................33.2Substitution……………………………………………………………………..33.3Emotionalexpression…………………...............................................................33.4Accentuation…………………….........................................................................43.5Symbolization…………………………………………………………………...44.AcomparativestudyofbodylanguagebetweenChineseandEnglish-speakingcountries……………………………………………………………………………….44.1Contrastivestudyofgestures…………………………………………………...44.1.1Thesamegesturewithdifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures...............54.1.2Differentgestureswithsamemeaning4.1.3Gestureandmeaninginoneculturewithoutequivalentinothercultures………………………………………………………………….54.2Contrastivestudyofposture……………………….............................................64.3Contrastivestudyoffacialexpression…………………………………………..74.4Contrastivestudyofeyecontact…………………………………….………….85.Conclusion………………………………………………………………….……....9Bibliography………………………………………………………………….……...10AComparativeStudyofChineseandEnglishBodyLanguagesAbstract:Inhumancommunication,peopleusebodylanguagetocommunicate.Bodylanguageplaysanimportantroleincomplementing,accenting,symbolizingorsubstitutingutterancemeaning.Bodylanguage,likeverballanguage,isalsoapartofculture.Butindifferentculturesbodylanguagemeansdifferentthings.Differentpeoplehavedifferentwaysofmakingnonverbalcommunication.UnderstandingthedifferentculturalimplicationsofEnglishandChinesebodylanguagecanpromotepeople’scross-culturalcommunicationcompetence,reinforcetheheart-to-heartunderstandingandintheendwillbenefitthecommunicationbetweenEnglishandChinesepeople.Thispapermainlyexpoundsthefeaturesandfunctions,presentsthemeaningsofbodylanguage,researchesbodylanguage’sculturaldifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinese,especiallythoseingesture,posture,facialexpression,eyecontactandphysicaldistance,anddiscussestheimportanceofknowingculturalmeanings.TheresearchofEnglishandChinesebodylanguageinnonverbalcommunicationishelpfulforpeopletodiminishoravoidmisunderstandingscausedbytheculturaldifferencesofbodylanguage.KeyWords:bodylanguage,English-speakingcountries,China,contrast[摘要]人们在进行交流的过程中，经常运用身势语。身势语对话语意义起着补充，强调，表情，象征或替代作用。身势语同语言一样，都是文化的一部分。在不同文化中，身势语的意义并不完全相同。各个民族有不同的非语言交际方式。了解英汉身势语的不同文化内涵，有助于英汉国家的人民之间更好地交流，提高跨文化交际能力，增进感情与心态的理解，做到“入乡随俗”，传情达意。本文重点论述了身势语的语用特征，功能，并从文化角度对身势语在不同的文化背景中的含义作了介绍，探讨了中国和英语国家在手势，姿态，面部表情，眼神与体距等方面的文化差异，论述了了解文化含义在非语言交际中的重要性。对跨文化交际中的英汉体态语进行探讨，有助于人们减少或避免在跨文化交际中因体态语的文化差异而引起的误解。[关键词]身势语；英语国家；中国；对比Introduction：Humancommunicationconsistsofverbalcommunicationandnonverbalcommunication.Nonverbalcommunicationplaysaveryimportantroleinthewholecommunication.Someexpertssaymorethan60percentofcommunicationcomesfromnonverbalbehaviors,suchasfacialexpression,postureandsoon.Thesenonverbalbehaviorsalwayshavemanymeanings.Oneexpertestimatedthatverbalcommunicationoccupiedabout30percentofthewholecommunicationbehaviors.“AmericanlinguistSamovaraffirmsthatinaface-to-facecommunication,onlyabout35percentofmessagesaresentbyverbalbehaviorsandothersaresentbynonverbalbehaviors.”[1]Verbalandnonverbalbehaviors,whichareboththeimportantpartsofhumancommunication,canexpressfeeling,interactideasandsendmessages.Theyaretheindispensabletoolsthatcansatisfyhumancommunication.BodylanguageisalsocalledKinesics,includingeyecontact,gestures,posture,facialexpressions,andphysicaldistance.Asanimportantwayofnonverbalcommunication,gesturesarethesilentandauthenticlanguagethatcanexpresspeople’sinneremotions.Theyareapartofanationalculture.Inordertounderstandaculturewellandmakethecommunicationmoreeffective,itisnecessarytodiscussthepragmaticfeaturesandfunctionsofbodylanguage.1.Pragmaticfeaturesofbodylanguage1.1EmblemsEmblemssubstituteforwords.“Emblemsaregesturesthathaveaspecificmeaningthatissameforboththesenderandthereceiverofaparticularnonverbalmessage.”Forexample,thenonverbalsignsfor“OK,”“Victory,”“comehere,”“bequiet,”and“it’scold.”1.2IllustratorsIllustratorshelptocomplementordepictspokenwords.“Theymakeyourcommunicationsmorevividandhelptomaintainyourlistener’sattention.Theyalsohelptoclarifyandmakemoreintenseyourverbalmessages”.1.3RegulatorsRegulatorsarebodymovementsthataidintheactualflowofconversation.Theymonitor,maintainandcontrolthespeakingofanotherindividual.Regulatorstellotherswhenaperson’sconversationalturnswillbeyieldedormaintained.Atthesametime,theyalsoallowpeopletodenyorrequestaspeakingturnwithinconversations.1.4AffectdisplaysAffectdisplaysarethemovementsofthefacethatconveyemot