高考语法填空词性转换

1语法填空一、题型介绍：200词左右，类型为，短文或对话,10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。二、步骤：1.通读全文，把握大意。（2min）1）对话：确定双方关系，谈话主题，情境，语气等2）短文：弄清该文体裁，话题，中心思想，结构。通读全文的目的是为了把握全文的大意，为下一步填空做好语义上的准备。因为语义决定着空白处应填一个什么样的词语并采用什么样的语法形式。在通读全文的过程中，为了准确地把握其大意，很有必要弄清文章的题材，体裁，中心思想，写作线索，篇章结构，段落层次，逻辑关系，词句理解等。这样有助于考生真正读懂文章大意，也有利于填空时进行必要的逻辑推理。2.边读边填，先易后难，语义形式双管齐下3.复读全文，检查答案。（一）Mum(puttingonhercoat):I’mgoingtohavetogodowntotheshopformorebread.Alan:Why?Mum:I’mnotsurewhat___61____(happen).Imadesomesandwichesearlierandleftthemonthetable____62_____Iwenttoanswerthephone.Butsomeonemusthavetakenthembecausethey’re___63___(go).Alan:Oh,itmusthavebeenDad.I’msurehewasinthekitchen___64____(early).Mum:No,hewentofftohistennismatchbeforeIfinished___65____them,sohecouldn’thavedoneit.____66______,hecouldn’tcarryaplateofsandwichesaswellashistennisstuff,soI’msure___67____wasn’thim.Alan(openingfridgedoor):Well,itwasn’tme.ButMum,look!Aretheseyoursandwicheshereonthebottomshelfof___68____fridge?Mum:Aretheythere?Oh,mygoodness.I___69___haveputthemintherewhenthephonerang.Oh,dear.Ireallymustbelosingmy___70____.Now,whydidIputonmycoat?61.happened62.when63.gone64.earlier65.making66.Besides/Anyway67.it68.the69.must70.memory/mind（二）M:Hi,Mrs.Brown,thisisBillNelson,fromFlatRentalCompany.How’syourapartmentworkingoutforyou?W:Well,Mr.Nelson.That’s______Iwouldliketotalktoyouabout.Wouldyoumindtalkingtothepersonupstairsand_______(ask)himtokeephismusicdownatnight?2M:Ohhh.Who?Me?W:Yes.Itthunderseverynight.Andisn’t______yourjobtotakecareofthesethings?M:Ijustcollect_____rent.W:Andtheairhere______(smell)!Isthereachemicalfactorynearby?M:No.It’sthefarm.Seethosehorses,pigsandsheeponthefarmnearbytheriver?Sothere’snothingIcandoaboutthat.W:Well,whataboutthat…noise?M:Whatnoise?Idon’thear________(something).W:There,thereitisagain.M:Oh,thatnoise.Iguessthatisfromtheguns.Soldiersaredoingtheirweeklydrills.W:Weekly?You_______(kid)!Can’tanythingbedoneaboutit?M:Certainly.I_______(protest),andtheseactivitiesshouldstop…withinthenextthreetofiveyears.W:Hey,younevertoldmeabouttheseproblems_______Isignedtherentalagreement!Stillexpectmetokeep______theagreement?Well,mylawyerwillseeyousoon.(三)OneSundaymorninginAugustIwenttolocalmusicfestival.IleftitearlybecauseIhadanappointment__1__(late)thatday.Myfriendswalkedmetothebusstopandwaitedwithme__2__thebusarrived.Igotonthebusandfoundaseatneartheback,andthenInoticedaman__3__(sit)atthefront.He__4__(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.Hemustbe__5__(mental)disabled.Behindhimwereotherpeopleto__6__hewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutes__7__walkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.Ididn’twanttobelaughedatfortalkingtohimbutIdidn’tlikeleavinghim__8__hisowneither.AfterawhileIrosefrommyseatandwalkedtothefrontofthebus.Isatnexttothemanandintroducedmyself.Wehad__9__amazingconversation.HegotoffthebusbeforemeandIfeltveryhappytherestofthewayhome.I’mgladImadeachoice.Itmade__10__ofusfeelgood..1.later2.until/till3.sitting4.waspretending5.mentally6.whom7.they8.on9.an10.both3三、技巧1.句子成分：1）主语：是一个句子的主体，是动作的发出者。KimilikesUltramanverymuchIt’satruththatJeffhasmanybooks.2）谓语：对主语动作或状态陈述或说明，指出主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”Petercansolvetheproblembyhimself.Themusicsoundsfantastictous.3）宾语：指一个动作（动词）的接受者。分为动词宾语或介词宾语；也可分为直接宾语和间接宾语。Iamtiredofwastingmoneylikethis.Ithinkthatthepricewillcontinuetogoup.4）表语：用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，位于系动词之后。系动词：be(am,is,are);感官动词（feel,look,sound）保持类（remain,stay);变化类（turn,grow，become）Tomorrowisanotherday.Leavesturnyellowinfall.MydreamisthatIcanbeabusinessmaninthefuture.5）宾语补足语：补充说明宾语的成分，使句子意思完整，并与宾语形成主谓关系。IfindlearningEnglisheasy.Youshouldkeepyourroomcleanandtidy.Weelectedhimourmonitor.6）定语：修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的成分Thetreeintheparkhasalonghistory.Ihavealotofworktofinish.Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.7）状语：表示一种状态，并且修饰动词,形容词和副词或全句的成分Sherunsfast.IchoseEnglishmajorbecausegirlsaremuchmorethanboysinit.8）同位语Mr.Smith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous4词性名词n.代词pron.形容词adj.副词adv.动词v.介词prep.冠词art.数词num.连词conj.成份主语谓语宾语表语定语状语补语2.词性转换：1）表语、定语或补语，用形容词。具体位置：系动词后，名词代词前[1]Theyoungsterimmediatelyfell________(silence)astearsflewdownfromhisbigblueeyes.解析：因在系动词felt后作表语，用形容词，故填silent。[2]Ina________(danger)partoftheseaoffthecoastofNewZealand,theylearntto…解析：在冠词与名词之间，要用形容词，作定语，故填dangerous。[3]Teachersmusttrytheirbesttomakemostoftheirstudents________(interest)inthesubject解析：因所填词在句中作宾语mostoftheirstudents的补足语，用形容词；表示“感兴趣”，填interested。2）作主语、宾语，用名词。具体位置：（谓语前）(及物动词和介词后)[1]WhenChina’sancientscientificandtechnological________(achieve)arementioned,thenationwillgenerallyrefertotheFourGreatInventions.解析：在时间状语从句中，要求填的词作主语，China’sancientscientificandtechnological是主语的定语；作主语要用名词，又由are可知，主语是复数，故填achievements。[2]Thesepeoplehavemadegreat___39___(contribute)toChinawiththeirwork.解析：在句中作及物动词havemade的宾语，要用名词形式；表示“作贡献”，其前面没有不定冠词时，习惯上用复数，故填contributions。[3]…instructorsexpectstudentstobefamiliarwith___32___(inform)inthereading…解析：因with是介词，在介词后作宾语，要用名词，故填information。53）在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。如：[1]…theremainsdatefromthisperiodbecauseoftheir___38___(similar)tothosefoundelsewhere.解析：在形容词性物代词(their)后应当用名词，故填