Robert-Browning

RobertBrowning罗伯特·布朗宁（1812-1889）CONTENTSAbriefintroductionofBrowningBrowning’sworksBrowning'sMarriage(ElizabethBarrettBrowning)RobertBrowning(1812-1889)AnEnglishpoetandplaywriterwhosemasteryofdramaticverse,especiallydramaticmonologues,madehimoneoftheforemostVictorianpoets.RobertBrowningwasbornonMay7,1812inCamberwell.Hisfather,amanofbothfineintellectandcharacter,amassedalibraryofaround6,000books.RobertBrowningwaseducatedalmostentirelyathome.RobertBrowningChronology1812BorninCamberwell,aLondonsuburb.1826Beganwritingpoetry,influencedlargelybyShelley.1833Publishedfirstwork,theautobiographicalPauline,AFragmentofaConfession.1835PublishedParacelsus.1837Straffordwasproducedandpublished.1840PublishedSordello.1841PublishedPippaPasses.1842PublishedcollectionofpoemscalledDramaticLyrics,includingMyLastDuchess.1845WrotealettertoElizabethBarrett.Visitedheranddeclaredhislove.PublicationofDramaticRomancesandLyrics.1846PublicationofASoul'sTragedy.MarriedElizabethBarrettsecretly.1850PublishedChristmasEveandEasterDay.1855PublishedMenandWomen.1864PublishedDramatisPersonae.1868PublishedTheRingandtheBook.1889PublishedAsolando.DiedinVeniceofbronchitis;wasburiedinPoets'CornerofWestminsterAbbey.Browning’sWorksPauline(1833)modelingonShelley’spersonalstyle,showedhisenthusiasmforShelley.Sordello(1834-1840)alongpoemaboutthe13thcenturytroubadour(游吟诗人)ofthatname.Paracelsus(1835)firstworkpublishedunderBrowning’sownname.Becauseofit,ThomasNoonTalfourdpraisedhimas“theyoungestpoetofEngland”.Porphyria’sLover(1836)hisfirstreallydistinctivemonologue.PippaPasses(1841)isthefirstofaseriesofpoemspublishedbetween1841and1846underthegenerlof“BellsandPomegranates”.Browning’sWorksMyLastDuchess(1842)Browning’sbestknowndramaticmonologue.DramaticRomancesandLyrics(1845)BellsandPomegranatesMenandWomen(1855)DramaticPersonae(1864)TheRingandtheBook(1868-1869)MyLastDuchessisBrowning’sbestknowndramaticmonologue.ItisaspeechaddressedbytheDukeofFerraratoanenvoywhocomestonegotiatetheDuke’scontemplatedmarriageafterhehasputhis“lastduchess”tosilence.MyLastDuchess•That'smylastDuchesspaintedonthewall,•Lookingasifshewerealive.Icall•Thatpieceawonder,now:FràPandolf'shands•Workedbusilyaday,andthereshestands.•Will'tpleaseyousitandlookather?Isaid•“FràPandolf”bydesign,forneverread•Strangerslikeyouthatpicturedcountenance,•Thedepthandpassionofitsearnestglance,•Buttomyselftheyturned(sincenoneputsby•ThecurtainIhavedrawnforyou,butI)•Andseemedastheywouldaskme,iftheydurst,•Howsuchaglancecamethere;so,notthefirst墙上的这幅面是我的前公爵夫人，看起来就像她活着一样。如今，我称它为奇迹：潘道夫师的手笔经一日忙碌，从此她就在此站立。你愿坐下看看她吗？我有意提起潘道夫，因为外来的生客（例如你）凡是见了画中描绘的面容、那真挚的眼神的深邃和热情，没有一个不转向我（因为除我外再没有别人把画上的帘幕拉开），似乎想问我可是又不大敢问；是从哪儿来的——这样的眼神？你并非第一个人回头这样问我。MyLastDuchessInthepoem,adukespeaksabouthisdeadwife.Thepoemisaboutmurder,mysteryandintrigue,butallinindirectallusions(暗示).Readersmaysensethatthedukekillshiswifeorcausesherdeath,butnoevidenceisshown.Thelanguageofthepoemisdifficulttounderstand.Theuseofdramaticmonologueforcesreaderstoworkhardtofindthemeaningbehindtheduke'swords.Thepoemprovidesaclassicexampleofadramaticmonologue:Thespeakerisclearlydistinctfromthepoet;Anaudienceissuggestedbutneverappearsinthepoem;TherevelationoftheDuke'scharacteristhepoem'sprimaryaim.(selfish,arbitrary,grim)DramaticMonologue•Dramaticmonologueisakindofpoeminwhichasinglefictionalorhistoricalcharacterotherthanthepoetspeakstoasilent“audience”ofoneormorepersons.•Suchpoemsrevealnotthepoet’sownthoughtsbutthemindoftheimpersonatedcharacter,whosepersonalityisrevealedinthepresenceofanlistener,whichdistinguishesfromasoliloquy(独白).RobertBrowning’sMyLastDuchessisacaseinpoint.PippaPasses–Pippa'sSong–Theyear’satthespring,–Andday’satthemorn;–Morning’satseven;–Thehill-side’sdew-pearled;–Thelark’sonthewing;–Thesnail’sonthethorn;–God’sinHisheaven—–All’srightwiththeworld!一年之计在于春,一日之计在于晨.一晨之计在七时，山坡上装点着珍珠般的露水;云雀在风中飞跃;山垆上蜗牛在爬行;上帝在他的天堂里---整个世界都是那么祥和、太平、美好！TheRingandtheBook《指环与书》（1868)•ThepoemisbasedonarealstorywhichisinspiredbyanoldbookoflegaldocumentsthatrecordsatrialinRomein1698ofCountGuidowhobrutallymurderedhiswifePompilia.Pompiliaisaccusedofhavinganaffairwithayoungpriest,whohastriedtohelpherinherflightfromthesadistichusband.•Inthislongpoem,thesamestoryistoldbyninepersons,allparticipantsandspectators,fromtheirdifferentpointsofview.LikeBrowning'sothercharactersintheirmonologues,thesepeopleunconsciouslyrevealtheirowncharactersintellingthestory.ThepublicationofTheRingandtheBookfinallyestablishedBrowning'spositionasoneofthegreatestEnglishpoets.longestandperhapsthegreatestworkofhimBrowning’spoetrystyleBrowning’spoetryisnoteasytoread.Hisrhythmsareoftentoofast,tooroughandunmusical.Thesimilesandillustrationsappeartooprofusely.Theallusionsandimplicationsaresometimesoddandfar-fetched.Allthesemakeuphisobscurity.Ingeneral,Browning’spoemsarenotmeanttoentertainthereaderswiththeusualacoustic(听觉的)andvisualpleasures.Theyaresupposedtokeepthemalert,thoughtfulandenlightened.Browning'sMarriageWhentalkingaboutRobertBrowning,wehavetomentionhiswife,ElizabethBarrettBrowning.Shewasafamo