语法(非限定定从)

Attributiveclausesnon–restrictiveattributiveclauses找规律Shehastwobrotherswhoareworkinginthecity.Shehastwobrothers,whoareworkinginthecity.她有两个弟弟，他们在这个城市工作。她有两个在这个城市工作的弟弟。非限制性定语从句构成：+,+关系词先行词Shehastwobrothers,（whoareworkinginthecity).+其他部分关系词的指代关系关系代词可以指代整个主句Mikesoldhisoldfurniture,whichmadehisfatherangry.什么时候用非限？SpringFestivaliscoming,whichalwaysmakesmemissmyoldfriends.1)先行词是一个句子或句子的一部分时：IhaveneverbeentoShanghai,whichissaidtobeabeautifulcity.Einstein,whowasascientist,caredlittleaboutmoney.2)先行词是具体的人名、地名时：3）先行词为专有名词或独一无二的普通名词时：LastsummerIvisitedthePeople’sGreatHall,inwhichmanyimportantmeetingsareheldeveryyear.当我们做非限制性定语从句的练习时，往往先确定先行词，然后再分析先行词在从句中的作用，再对关系词加以选择。整理一番品读规律Tomfoundtheancientbook,whichwasbroken.Asissaidinthenewspaper,twofarmerssawtheUFOinthefield.Cindyisalovelygirl,withwhommanypeopleliketomakefriends.Ilikethehouse,whosewindowsfacethesea.PeoplewillrememberAugust8th,2008,when29thOlympicGameswasheldinBeijing.先行词指物，在从句中做主或宾语，用关系词which,不能用thatAs引导的非限制性定语从句，常位于句首，which不可以介词+关系代词，介词的选用，要根据从句的谓语动词的构成。先行词在从句做定语，用关系词whose先行词在从句中做时间状语，用when或介词+which。Exercises2.Beijing,_________isthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.which3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.As4.Theyoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,________isapopstar.who1.Hangzhouisabeautifulcity,______peoplevisitthefamousWestLake.whereinwhich5.Ishouldthankmyteacher,with______help,Isolvedtheproblem.Exerciseswhose6.HeonceworkedintheBird’sNest,_________hissonisproud.ofwhich规则再现非限定性定语从句的构成；关系代词which，whose，whom，who，as的用法；关系副词where，when的应用；禁用：that,why限定性定从非限定性定从形式上不用“，”分开主从句用“，”分开主从句意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，若删除，主句则失去意义或意义表达不完整只是对先行词的补充说明，若删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思译法上译成先行词的定语“…的”通常译成主句的并列句关系词的使用上1.作宾语时可省略1.不可省略2.可用that2.不用that3.可用who代替whom3.不可用who代替whom•限定性定从：•老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一可以依靠的人。•TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.•非限定性定从：•他妈妈对他要求很严格，他妈妈十分爱她。•Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.•中国是1949年成立的，现在正变得越来越强大。•China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.•Which和as在引导非限定性定语从句时可以指代全句，如：•ThegentlemanadmiredMrs.Brown,whichsurprisedme.•Aswehadexpected,hisperformancewasexcellent.•在这时as可以在句首，which不可以；as有正如的意思，而which没有。同时，在限定性定语从句中，名词前有such和thesame修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用which•Don’treadsuchbooks___youcan’tunderstand.•Thisisthesamepen_____Iboughtyesterday.asas基础练习1.Isthatthehouse____youboughtlastyear?A.whereB.which2.Isthatthepicture___youarelaughingat?A.whichB.where3.Itisthemostinterestingbook___Ihaveeverread.A.whichB.thatBBA4.Thestreet______isnexttotheparkisverynarrow.A.whereB.which5.Theperson___findsmywatchwillgetareward.A.whoB.when6.Thisistheroom__welistenedtothelecture.A.whichB.whereBAB7.Theboy___motherisillcannotcometotheparty.A.whoB.whose8.Tellmethereason___youarelate.A.whichB.whyBB9.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,____wasmorethanweexpected.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows，mostof____hadn’tbeencleanedfortenyears.A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which填空：1.Lookatthatlady______nameisPochi.2.Heisateacher_________Ilikeverymuch.3.Thosepictures_________weredrawnbyTomarenice.4.People_____willgototheparkstayhere.5.Thatwasallthemoney______Ihad.whosewhom/thatwhich/thatwhothat6.Thisisthefirstcar_____hebought.7.Lookattheboyandhisdog_____arecomingthisway.8.Youcanreadanybook_____Ihave.9.Thatwastheyear_____IwenttoAmerica.10.wecametothetown,______westayedfor2hours.thatthatthatwhenwhere•1.He____playswithfiregetsburnt.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whose2.Ididn’tbelievethematfirstbutinfacteverything___wastrue.A.theysaidB.whattheysaidC.whosetheysaidD.whichtheysaidTrythis•3.Sheheardaterriblenoise,____broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that4.Haveyoufoundthewoman____pursewaslost?A.herB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose•5.Whenhecamebackfromabroad,Johntoldhisparentsaboutthecitiesandthepeople___hehadvisited.A.whoB.whichC.whereD.that6.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyone____familywaspoor.A.ofwhomB.whomC.ofwhoseD.whose句型转换合并句子为非限定性定语从句.1)Thebusisownedbythecompany.Itoftentakesthechildrentoschool.Thebus,whichtakesthechildrentoschool,isownedbythecompany.2)Jackisafamoussinger.Hissongsarelovedbymanyyoungpeople.Jackisafamoussinger,whosesongsarelovedbymanyyoungpeople.3)Ayoungmanaskedmetogiveyouthemessage.Ididnotknowhim.Ayoungman,whomIdidnotknow,askedmetogiveyouthemessage.1.Themanin______carwetravelledhadanaccident.2.Idon’tcareabouttheway______________theycommunicatewitheachother.3.Whichisthelatestmachine____isinventedbyhim?whose(that/inwhich)that用恰当的关系词填空。4.That’sall____weneedtoconsider.5.Icanremembertheveryday_____weworkedtogether.6.That’stheonlyplace_____theaccidentcouldhappen.thatwhenwhere1.先确定先行词2.分析先行词在从句中所做的成分3.判断关系词（关代/关副）4.“介词+关代”中的介词需好好判断总结定从做题思路同时，在限定性定语从句中，名词前有such和thesame修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用which•Heisnotsuchafool____helooks.•Don’treadsuchbooks___youcan’tunderstand.asas•5.Mr.Smithistheonlyoneofthoseforeignerswho____inChina.A.workB.isworkingC.areworkingD.hadworking6.All____canbedonehasbeendone.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who