图像直方图的均衡化处理研究(毕业论文)

毕业设计[论文]题目：图像直方图均衡化处理研究学院：电气与信息工程学院专业：电子信息工程姓名：陈元威学号：093411118指导老师：石磊完成时间：2015年06月01日河南城建学院毕业设计（论文）摘要I摘要直方图均衡化是一种图像处理领域中利用图像直方图进行调整的方法。直方图均衡化处理的“中心思想”是把原始图像的灰度直方图从比较集中的某个灰度区间变成在全部灰度范围内的均匀分布。直方图均衡化就是对图像进行非线性拉伸，重新分配图像像素值，使一定灰度范围内的像素数量大致相同。直方图均衡化就是把给定图像的直方图分布改变成“均匀”分布直方图分布。这种方法通常用来增加许多图像的局部对比度，尤其是当图像的有用数据的对比度相当接近的时候。通过这种方法，亮度可以更好的在直方图上分布。这样就可以用于增强局部的对比度而不影响整体的对比度，直方图均衡化通过有效地扩展常用的亮度来实现这种功能。本文主要研究的是就直方图均衡化改进方法，解决原始直方图均衡化在图像灰阶和噪声上面的缺点，经过试验得出数据指出它们的优点，具有较好的增强效果。通过本次毕业设计了解数字图像处理中图像增强的知识，了解直方图均衡化的优缺点，完成对输入图像质量增强功能，并使用一定的有效的评价指标对增强前后图像进行对比评价，培养分析问题和解决问题的能力。关键词：直方图，直方图均衡化，灰度级，像素点河南城建学院毕业设计（论文）AbstractIIAbstractHistogramequalizationisamethodofadjustingtheimagehistogramintheimageprocessingfield,Thecentralideaofhistogramequalizationisthatthegraylevelhistogramoftheoriginalimageistheuniformdistributionofthegrayrangefromthecomparisontothegrayrangeofthewholegrayrange,Histogramequalizationistoimagethenon-linearstretching,reassigntheimagepixelvalues,sothatacertainnumberofpixelswithinacertaingrayrangeofthesame.Histogramequalizationistochangethedistributionofagivenimageintoauniformdistributionofthehistogram.Thismethodisusuallyusedtoincreasethelocalcontrastofmanyimages,especiallywhenthecontrastoftheusefuldataoftheimageisquiteclose..Bythismethod,thebrightnesscanbebetterdistributedonthehistogram..Thiscanbeusedtoenhancethecontrastofthecontrastwithoutaffectingtheoverallcontrast,histogramequalizationbyeffectivelyexpandingthecommonbrightnesstoachievethisfeature.Themainresearchofthispaperishistogramequalizationofimprovedmethods,tosolvetheoriginalhistogramequalizationingrayscaleimagesandnoiseaboveshortcomings,throughthetestdataobtainedpointedouttheiradvantages,withgoodenhancementeffect.Throughthisgraduatedesigntounderstandimageenhancementindigitalimageprocessingknowledge,understandhistogramequalization,theadvantagesanddisadvantages,completetheinputimagequalityenhancement,andtheuseofeffectiveevaluationindexevaluationandcomparisonofpreandpostcontrastimages,cultivatingtheproblemanalysisandproblemsolvingability.Keywords:histogram,histogramequalization,graylevel,pixelpoints河南城建学院毕业设计（论文）目录目录摘要......................................................................................................................................................IAbstract.............................................................................................................................................II第1章绪论........................................................................................................................................11.1序言......................................................................................................................................11.2图像增强技术发展现状和意义...........................................................................................1第2章图像的基本理论.....................................................................................................................32.1数字图像的基本概念...........................................................................................................32.2图像质量的评价...................................................................................................................32.2.1灰度均值...................................................................................................................42.2.2标准差.......................................................................................................................42.2.3均方误差...................................................................................................................4第3章图像直方图均衡化改进算法的图像增强.............................................................................53.1直方图..................................................................................................................................53.2直方图修改技术...................................................................................................................63.2.1灰度图像及其直方图................................................................................................63.2.2直方图的规定化........................................................................................................83.3同态滤波法的直方图均衡化.............................................................................................133.4传统直方图均衡化处理.....................................................................................................173.5改进的直方图均衡化处理.................................................................................................203.6本章小结............................................................................................................................21总结....................................................................................................................................................23参考文献............................................................................................................................................24致谢.....................................................................................................