外研版高中英语必修3-Module3--重难点讲解

Module3重难点讲解1.disaster名词n.灾难；祸患verybadhappeningFires,floodsandearthquakesaredisasters.火灾、水灾和地震都是灾难。翻译：Weovercamethenaturaldisasterandgotinabumperharvest.anationaldisasteratrafficdisasteradisastertosb.某人的灾难2.flood（1）名词n.洪水alargeflowofwaterManyhousesweredestroyedbytheflood.许多房屋被洪水冲毁了。翻译：那场大雨后闹了洪水，我们的家都淹了。（2）名词n.大批，大量alotofsomethingIhadafloodoflettersonmybirthday.我生日那天收到一大堆信。（3）动词v.淹没，泛滥tofillorcoverwithwaterTheriverhasfloodedanumberofvillages.洪水淹没了一些村庄。翻译：春雨期间河水泛滥。（4）动词v.充满fill,cover,orovercome,asifwithafloodLettersofcongratulationfloodedin.大批祝贺信像潮水般地涌来。Theroomwasfloodedwithmoonlight.这房间充满了月光。翻译：热泪盈眶3.experience（1）不可数名词n.[U]经验knowingaboutthingsbecauseyouhavedoneorseenthemHehasmuchexperienceasanengineer.作为工程师来说，他是富有经验的。Heisshortofexperience.他缺乏经验。翻译：他们从经验中学习。（2）可数名词n.[C]经历，体验somethingthathappenstoyouIhadsomeinterestingexperiencesinthecountryside.我在农村有过一些很有意思的经历。翻译：教学经验（3）动词v.经验；经历；感受haveexperienceof;meetwith;feelWehaveexperiencedwhathardshipsmean.我们体验过艰苦生活。翻译：他经历了许多困难。4.cause（1）名词n.原因；起因thingorpersonthatmakessomethinghappenThedogwasthecauseoftheaccident.这只狗是造成交通事故的原因。翻译：事故的起因confusecauseandeffect混淆因果关系（2）名词n.事业；（奋斗的）目标somethingthatpeoplecareaboutandwanttohelpWeshouldstruggleforthecauseofcommunismallourlives.我们要为共产主义事业奋斗终身。（3）动词v.使产生；使发生；引起makesomethinghappenThebookcausedgreatinterestandargument.这本书引起了人们的极大兴趣和争论。翻译：什么引起他改变主张的？causesb.anxiety使某人担心causesb.trouble给某人添麻烦5.occur（1）不及物动词vi.发生；举行happen,takeplaceAtthebeginningofJuneaneventoccurred.六月初发生了一件事。Whathasoccurred?发生了什么事？Whendidtheaccidentoccur?那事故是什么时候发生的？（2）不及物动词vi.存在existManymistakesoccurinyourcomposition.你的作文出现了许多错误。6.strike（1）名词n.罢工timewhenworkerswillnotworkbecausetheywantmoremoneyorareangryaboutsomethingThetruckdrivers'unionhascalledastrike.卡车司机工会已经发起了一场罢工。（2）名词n.打；击；敲ablow;ahitThreestrikesofthehammerdrovethenailinthewood.三锤子把钉子敲进了木头。（3）及物动词vt.打；击；撞击hitsomeoneorsomethingHestruckmewithastick.他用一根棍子打我。Hestrucktheball.他（用力）击球。Theshipstruckarock.船触礁了。I’vestruckmyfootonastone.我把脚踢在石头上了。Hestruckthetableangrily.他气得拍（或锤）桌子。Thestonestruckhimintheeye.石头打中他的眼睛。Thetreehadbeenstruckbylightning.那棵树被雷击了。（4）及物动词vt.（钟）敲响报时soundabelltotellthehourAtmiddaytheclockstrikestwelve.正午时，钟敲十二点。（5）及物动词vt.擦（火柴等）；打（火）producebystrikingThesematchesaretoowettostrike.火柴太湿，划不着。（6）及物动词vt.引起；激起（某种感情）inspirewithHisstrangeappearancestruckterrorintotheirhearts.他那奇怪的外貌使他们感到害怕。（7）及物动词vt.使…感到；使…突然想；给…以印象Anideasuddenlystruckme.我突然想到一个主意。Howdoeshisplanstrikeyou?你感到他的计划怎么样？（你对他的计划反应如何）？Itstrikesmethatthemanwasnottellingthetruth.我感到那个人没说真话。翻译：她的美貌给我留下了深刻的印象。（8）不及物动词vi.打；击；撞击；攻击；冲击hitHisheadstruckagainstastone.他的头撞在石头上。Hestruckthegroundheavily.他重重地摔在地上。（9）不及物动词vi.罢工；闹罢工stopworkingbecausepeoplewantmoremoneyorareangryaboutsomethingTheworkersatthefactoryarestrikingformorepay.工厂工人为提高工资正在罢工。7.damage（1）及物动词vt.损害，毁坏toharmorbreaksomethingThefirehasbadlydamagedthehouse.大火严重地烧坏了这座房子。翻译：我的妻子遇到意外事故，把自行车弄坏了。翻译：庄稼受到风暴的严重损害。（2）不可数名词n.[U]损害，损失harm,lossHowmuchmustIpayforthedamage?我该赔多少损失费？Mostofthedamagewascausedbyyoursister.大部分损坏是你妹妹造成的。Thestormdidgreatdamagetothecrops.暴风雨对农作物造成极大的损害。（3）可数名词n.[C]法律损害赔偿lawmoneymustbepaidforcausingdamageThecourtorderedhimtopay＄1500damagestothepersonhehadhurt.法庭让他付给被他伤害的那个人1500美元赔偿费。causedamagetoproperty造成财产损失dodamagetosth.损害某物