冰山理论分析《老人与海》(英语)

00AnalysistheSymbolicArtsinTheOldManAndTheSeaFromTheIcebergTheory学院：材料与化工学院班级：材控122姓名：郑椿学号：201201514207【Abstract】:TheOldManandTheSeafullyreflectsthecreativeprincipleoftheIcebergTheory.IcebergTheoryisakindofLiteraturecreationtheory,itmeansthathuman‟slanguagetotheexpressionofhuman‟smindjustlikeiceberg,onlyoneeighthisabovewater,andseveneighthisunderwater,meansthathuman‟slanguagecan‟texpressmindcompletely.Throughonecorneroftheiceberg--theoneeighthabovethewater,readerscanstronglyfeelagreatsymbolicspaceoftheseveneighthunderthesurfaceofthewater.Thenovelnotonlydepictsthelifeofthismundaneworld,butalsoshowsthesymbolicmeaningsoflifeitself.Thistinytipoftheicebergmakesusdeeplyunderstandthesubstantialmeaningsoftheseveneighthsunderthewater.ThispapertriestoanalyzetheSymbolicartoftheIcebergTheoryinTheOldManandTheSea.Sothispaperinthefirstpartintroducesthebackgroundoftheauthorandthework,inthesecondpartintroducedthebackgroundanddefinitionoftheIcebergTheory.Thenitanalyzesthework‟sSignificanceofresearch,inthethirdpartanalysistheseveneighthsunderthewaterindetail,mainlyreferstothedeeplysymbolicmeaningsofimages,suchasthelittleboyManolin,thebigmarlin,theseaandsoon.Throughthisthesisreadersmayhaveanin-depthunderstandingofthistheory,andatthesametime,provedHemingway„sicebergtheoryreflectsthedemandsofthetimes,createsanewliterarystyle.Thispaperresearchsignificanceistheanalysisofthetheoryofanicebergclearfourbasicelements:thatisconciselanguage,clearimageandabundantemotionandprofoundthought.【Keyword】:IcebergTheoryTheOldManandTheSeasymbolicsignificanceAnalysis1ThesymbolicsignificanceofthelittleboyThelittleboyManolinplaysanindispensableroleinTheOldManandtheSea.Heisnotafraidoffailureandhecanfaceuptothefailure,becausethelittleboyregardsSantiagoasa“fishinggod”.Actually,itistheboythatmakestheimageofSantiagomoreplentiful.Theboyisasuccessorofthetoughguyspiritoftheoldman.Theboysailedoutwiththeoldmanfromfiveyearsold.Helearnsnotonlyskillsoffishingbutalsothespiritofstrongwillandcouragefromtheoldman.Althoughtheoldmanhasgoneeight-fourdayswithouttakingafish,theboystillregardshimasthebestfisherman.Hesaystotheoldman:“Therearemanygoodfishermenandsomegreatones.Butthereisonlyyou.”Theboywouldliketheoldmantowakenhimupbutnothisshipownerbecausehedoesn‟twanttobeaninferior.Attheendofthestory,“theboysawtheoldman‟shandsandhestartedtocry.”“allthewaydowntheroadhewascrying”,“hedidnotcarethattheysawhimcrying.”Thecryobviouslybecomesastartingofmorematureintheeffectoftheoldman‟sheroicpersonality.Attheendofthenovel,theboyinsistsonfishingtogetherwiththeoldman.Thisformsastrikingcontrastwiththebeginning－“Itwaspapamademeleave.IamaboyandImustobeyhim”.Thentheoldmanandtheboyplanto“makethebladefromaspringleaffromanoldFord”andfishtogether.Theoldman‟slifecontinuesontheboy.Itseemsthattheboyfollowstheoldmanandisgrowinguptoanother“toughguy”.Theboywilllearneverythingastheoldman‟ssuccessor.SoManolinisthecarrieronwhichSantiagoshowshisspirit.TheexistenceofManolinmakestheimageofSantiagomoreplentiful.2ThesymbolicsignificanceofthebigmarlinThebigmarlinisanimportantimageinTheOldManandtheSea.Inasense,thebigmarlincreatestheimageofSantiago‟stoughguy.Itmakestheimageoftoughguymorevividandinspirespeopletolovelifeandovercomedifficulties.ThebigmarlinisthebiggestfishthatSantiagohascaughtinhislife.Santiagohasbeenawayeightyfourdayswithouttakingafish.Ontheeighty-fifthday,Santiagocontinuestosailoutandtofightagainstmisfortune.Santiagoiseagerforcatchingabigfish,andhesaystoManolin“Eightyfiveisaluckynumber.Howwouldyouliketoseemebringoneinthatdressedoutoverathousandpounds?…Ifeelconfidenttoday.”Therepeateddescriptioneasilyevokesthereadersofthepersistentofabetterfuturefromancienttimestothepresent.Therefore,therepeatedlyreferredthebigmarlininthenovelisactuallyasymbolofabetterfutureofhumans.Besidesthebigmarlinisalsoasymboloftheglory.GiventherelationshipbetweenthebigmarlinandSantiago,Santiagoisfullofsympathyandaffectionofthefeelingofthebigmarlin.Duringtheprocessofstrugglingwiththebigmarlin,Santiagorespectsthisstrongopponentbuthedoesnothateitallthetime.AlthoughSantiagohassuccessfullycapturedthebigmarlin,itsdeathisfulloftragiccolor.3ThesymbolicsignificanceoftheseaTheseaiskind,butitisalsocruelatthesametime.Buttheoldman“alwaysthoughtofherasfeminineandassomethingthatgaveorwithheldgreatfavors.”TheseaistheplacewhereSantiagomustliveandfightwithenemies,anditisalsothefinaldestinationofSantiago.Sothesearepresentsafightingplaceandthehumansociety.Hemingwaydoesn‟tdescribetheseaobjectively,butdescribesitbymethodsofmeditation,memoryorsayingtohimself.Thepoisonousaguamalaarethemostbeguilingcreaturesinthesea,buttheyarealsothedeliciousfoodoftheturtles.“Theturtlessawthem,approachedthemfromthefront,thenshuttheireyessotheywerecompletelycarapacedandatethemfilamentsandall.”Buttheevilsharksarealsocrueltotheturtles.“Itwasthesesharksthatwouldcuttheturtles‟legsandflippersoffwhentheturtleswereasleeponthesurface.”Sotheturtlesfeedonaguamalaandthesharksfeedontheturtles.Therearealsothetunawhich“shonesliverinthesun…jumpinginalldirections,churningthewatera