现在完成时

1、Unit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?现在完成时态PresentPerfectTense用法1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。e.g.–Haveyouhadyourlunchyet?–Yes,Ihave.I’vejusthadit.(现在我不饿了。)2.表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在，而且可能还要继续下去。●现在完成时的构成:现在完成时是由“助动词have/has+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词要和主语的人称、数保持一致。现在完成时一、过去式和过去分词的变化相同规则变化：1.一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如：pick→picked→picked;wish→wished→wished;stay→stayed→stayed2.以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。如：like→liked→liked;hope→hoped→hoped;phone→phoned→phoned3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。如：study→studied→studied;hurry→hurried→hurried;reply。

2、→replied→replied4.词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop→stopped→stopped;clap→clapped→clapped不规则变化：5.以不变应万变。如：let→let→let;put→put→put;read→read→read6.若中间有双写e，则去掉一个e，单词末尾再加t。如：feel→felt→felt;keep→kept→kept;sleep→slept→slept7.结尾的字母d变t。如：lend→lent→lent;build→built→built;send→sent→sent8.变为以-ought或-aught结尾。如：buy→bought→bought;bring→brought→brought;catch→caught→caught;teach→taught→taughtIhavealreadyreadTreasureIsland.Ihavereturnedthebooktothelibrary.Ihaveboughtanewhouse.●现在完成时的用法:一.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现。

3、在造成的影响或结果●现在完成时的时间状语:(1)用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中,yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。Wehavealreadyfinishedourhomework.Wehaven’tfinishedourhomeworkyet.Haveyoufinisheddoingyourhomeworkyet?(2)用ever和never。多用于否定或疑问句中,表示“曾经”或“从未”等。—HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?你曾经去过长城吗？—No,IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.不,我从未去过长城。No,never.不，从来没有。●现在完成时的时间状语:(3)用副词just（刚刚）和before。Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.TheyhavenevervisitedtheGreatWallbefore..HaveyoueverbeentoHongKongbefore?(4)用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语,如sofar/uptonow,inthepast/lastfewyears。

4、等。SofarwehavelearnedsevenunitsDeqinghaschangedalotinthepast/lastfewyears.(1).for+表示一段时间的短语(2).since+表示过去时间点的词语(3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语从句eg.Ihavebeenateacher______18years.Ihavebeenateacher_______1998.Ihavebeenateacher_______18yearsagoforsincesinceIhavebeenateacher_______Igraduatedfromtheuniversity.since二.表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止,也可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。注意事项一.现在完成时中延续性动词和终止性动词英语动词根据词义可分为两种，一种是延续性的，一种是终止性的。终止性动词也可称为非延续性动词、瞬间动词，如:open,close,become,begin,buy,borrow,arrive,die,leave,go,。

5、come,join,marry,start,stop等。√Ihavealreadyborrowedabook.Ihaveborrowedabookfortwoweeks.现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since，sinceago,howlong引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，非延续性动词与一段时间连用时可采用下列三种方法：1)直接用延续性动词buy–puton--catch(get)acold–borrow—come/go/become—2)转换成be+名词jointheParty–havehaveacoldkeepbewearbeaPartymember1.将非延续性动词转换为延续性动词3)转换成be+形容词或副词die—finish–begin—leave–—fallasleep–close–4)转换成be+介词短语gotoschool–beinschooljointhearmy–beinthearmybedeadbeoverbeonbeasleepbeclosedbeawayIhaveboughtthiscarfortwoyears.since2012.Ihavehadt。

6、hiscarfortwoyears.since2012.2.将时间状语改为过去时间，并用一般过去时代替现在完成时。3.用句型“Itis+一段时间+since从句（从句中的谓语动词用非延续性动词的过去式）”表示。Itistenyearssinceshebegantowork.Shehasworkedfortenyears.Shebegantoworktenyearsago.不能说:*HehascometoBeijingfortwoyears.*Hehasboughtthatbookforthreeweeks.*HehasjoinedtheArmyforoneandahalfyears.*Hisgrandmahasdiedforninemonths.Hehasgotupfor5minutes.可以说:HehasbeeninBeijingfortwoyears.Hehashadthatbookforthreeweeks.Hehasbeeninthearmyforoneandahalfyears.Hisgrandmahasbeendeadforninemonths.Hehasbeenupfor。

7、5minutes.√×××√×√√()()()()()()()()Ihaveboughtanewdictionaryforaweek.Ihavehadanewdictionaryforaweek.我买一本新词典已有一星期了。Theyhavecomeherefortwodays.Theyhavebeenherefortwodays.他们来这儿已经两天了。HehasjoinedtheaPartymemberfortwoyears.HehasbeenaaPartymemberfortwoyears.他已入党两年了。Themanhasbeendeadforseveralyears.Themanhasdiedforseveralyears.这个人已经死了几年了。1.Iborrowedthelibrarybooktwodaysago.I______________thelibrarybook________twodays.2.Themeetingstartedtenminutesago.A.Themeeting___________________________________tenminute。

8、sago.B.Themeeting____________________________________tenminutes.havekeptforhasbeenhasbeenonsinceonfor同义句3.MybrotherjoinedthePartylastyear.A.Mybrother__________________________thePartysincelastyear.B.Mybrother_________________________partymembersincelastyear.4.HeleftNanjingtwoyearsago.He__________________________________Nanjingfortwoyears.hasbeeninhasbeenahasbeenawayfrom5.Thatdogdiedlastmonth.Thatdog_______________________sincelastmonth.6.Hehashadthebikefortwoyears.A.Twoyears_____________sincehe_。

9、_______thebike.B.It’s________________sincehe_________thebike.C.He_______thebiketwoyears__________.hasbeendeadhaspassedboughttwoyearsboughtboughtago1、Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(对划线部分提问)_________________havetheybeenhere?2、Theoldman_______lastyear.(die/dead)He___________________forayear.(die/dead)（选词填空）3、Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同义句转换)Thisfactory_____________fortwentyyears.Howlongdiedhasbeenopenhasbeendead4、MissGaoleftanhourago.(同义句转换)MissGao___________________anhour.5、HermotherhasbeenaPart。

10、ymemberforthreeyears.（同义句）Hermother_______thePartythreeyears________.hasbeenawayforjoinedago改写句子1.Myfathercamebackfromthebookshopjustnow.Myfather______just______________thebookshop.2.HebegantolearnChinesein2001.He____________Chinesesince2001.3.Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm_________________sincetwominutesago.4.Hehashadthemotorbikefortwoyears.It’stwoyears______he________themotorbike.He________themotorbiketwoyears______.Twoyears____________sincehe______themotorbike.hasreturnedfromhaslearnedhasbe。