清华大学化工原理21第一章流体流动

通过对服装的介绍和欣赏，提高对服装文化的审美水平。通过对服装设计练习，培养学生对色彩知识、图案基础知识的综合运用能力3、通过服装设计和表演，激发和提高学生追求美、发现美、创造美的热情和能力emotionalBecauseoftheguerrillaforcesinthesurroundingareahavebeenwithdrawn,activitiesintheLake'sChengWanjunalsorefugeinJapanese,ZhuXiforcesbecamethepuppettoattackkeytargetsEvepuppetattackinginWuzhen,facetheproblemoftheretreatwastomeettheenemy,inadebatewithintheleadership,somebelievethattheelves,concentrateasuperiorforce,surelydo,earlytransferisthebestwaytoreducelosses.DeputyCommanderWangHesongimpassionedstatement:Wuzhenhold,isourmilitary'sduty!Ihavewinaseriesofvictories,morale,Wuzhenbattletovictory,fightthisbattle,aChinesemiracleinthehistoryofguerrillawarfare.CommanderZhuXididnothavemuch,butthefinalword.OnNovember5,weflewoverthetownforseveraldays,bombbursts,tremblingmoantranquiltowninthewar.Peoplehavethefeelingofacatastropheinthetown.6threconnaissancearoundthecommandpersonnelbroughtanurgentintelligence,town-widepanic,inthefaceofnewsoftheJapaneseattacktown,toavoidthescourgeofwar,themajorityofpeopleyoungandoldfledtothecountrysideinthetown.Alsohardtofindaboatintheriver.Pastthebustlingtownjustseemsadesertedanddesolate.7thdayinimplementinglow-levelflightsoverthetown,fired.Thatnight,theElvesattackWuzhenconfirmedinformation.Night,burstsofgunfirecomingfromthedistance,reportedlyisDeputyCommanderWangHesongXuMiaocameNanxunsniperassaultoftheElves.8th,thesituationismoresevereinthetown.Oneafternoon,outsideEastGateandSouthGatetherewasintensegunfire.EnemyattacksbyfrustratedindependentbattalionconfrontedChenqi.Atthistime,thecommand...11th,asCommanderofZhuXi-KaiWenYongzhi,Directorof第一章流体流动第一节流体流动中的作用力KeyWords:Fluidflow,Shearstress,Fluidstatics,Density,Viscosity,Pressure管道输送化工过程中的流体流动多相流单元操作中流动现象一、体积力和密度：=m/VpT液体基本不变稍有变化气体改变改变理气mnMpMVVRT＝混合密度：体积分率：XV1XV2气体：1122mVVXX（1m3为基准）总质量＝A＋B＋C液体：1Kg混合液为基准，质量分率：Xw1Xw212121wwXX总体积＝A＋B＋C二、压力：1atm=1.013×105N/m2=10.33m（水柱），760mmHg压力表：表压＝绝压－大气压真空表：真空度＝大气压－绝压＝－表压[确切标明（表）、（绝）、（真）]三、剪力、剪应力、粘度：流体沿固体表面流过存在速度分布：FduAdy：动力粘度、粘性系数牛顿型dudy塑性ydudy非牛顿型假塑性()1ndukndy涨塑性()1ndukndy粘度：22///NmNSPasmsmmT↑液体↓，气体↑P↑基本不变基本不变40atm以上考虑变化通过对服装的介绍和欣赏，提高对服装文化的审美水平。通过对服装设计练习，培养学生对色彩知识、图案基础知识的综合运用能力3、通过服装设计和表演，激发和提高学生追求美、发现美、创造美的热情和能力emotionalBecauseoftheguerrillaforcesinthesurroundingareahavebeenwithdrawn,activitiesintheLake'sChengWanjunalsorefugeinJapanese,ZhuXiforcesbecamethepuppettoattackkeytargetsEvepuppetattackinginWuzhen,facetheproblemoftheretreatwastomeettheenemy,inadebatewithintheleadership,somebelievethattheelves,concentrateasuperiorforce,surelydo,earlytransferisthebestwaytoreducelosses.DeputyCommanderWangHesongimpassionedstatement:Wuzhenhold,isourmilitary'sduty!Ihavewinaseriesofvictories,morale,Wuzhenbattletovictory,fightthisbattle,aChinesemiracleinthehistoryofguerrillawarfare.CommanderZhuXididnothavemuch,butthefinalword.OnNovember5,weflewoverthetownforseveraldays,bombbursts,tremblingmoantranquiltowninthewar.Peoplehavethefeelingofacatastropheinthetown.6threconnaissancearoundthecommandpersonnelbroughtanurgentintelligence,town-widepanic,inthefaceofnewsoftheJapaneseattacktown,toavoidthescourgeofwar,themajorityofpeopleyoungandoldfledtothecountrysideinthetown.Alsohardtofindaboatintheriver.Pastthebustlingtownjustseemsadesertedanddesolate.7thdayinimplementinglow-levelflightsoverthetown,fired.Thatnight,theElvesattackWuzhenconfirmedinformation.Night,burstsofgunfirecomingfromthedistance,reportedlyisDeputyCommanderWangHesongXuMiaocameNanxunsniperassaultoftheElves.8th,thesituationismoresevereinthetown.Oneafternoon,outsideEastGateandSouthGatetherewasintensegunfire.EnemyattacksbyfrustratedindependentbattalionconfrontedChenqi.Atthistime,thecommand...11th,asCommanderofZhuXi-KaiWenYongzhi,Directorof4混合粘度：①不缔合混合液体loglogmiix(ix摩尔分率)②低压下混合气体1122/miiiiiyMyM＝(iiyM摩尔分率，分子量)第二节流体静力学方程一、静力学基本方程：方向→与作用面垂直静压力各方向作用于一点的静压力相同同一水平面各点静压力相等（均一流体）对于Z方向微元：()0pApdpAgAdzdpgdz不可压缩液体：1221./.()constpgzconstppgZZ，1、不可压缩流体条件：2、静止3、单一连续流体结论：单一流体连续时→同一水平面静压力相等间断、非单一流体→逐段传递压力关系二、流体静力学方程的应用：1、压差计：11221212()0BBAABBApghpghgRppgRppRg＝若微差压差计pgR①:10:1Dd②cA与很接近R很大时，液面相似通过对服装的介绍和欣赏，提高对服装文化的审美水平。通过对服装设计练习，培养学生对色彩知识、图案基础知识的综合运用能力3、通过服装设计和表演，激发和提高学生追求美、发现美、创造美的热情和能力emotionalBecauseoftheguerrillaforcesinthesurroundingareahavebeenwithdrawn,activitiesintheLake'sChengWanjunalsorefugeinJapanese,ZhuXiforcesbecamethepuppettoattackkeytargetsEvepuppetattackinginWuzhen,facetheproblemoftheretreatwastomeettheenemy,inadebatewithintheleadership,somebelievethattheelves,concentrateasuperiorforce,surelydo,earlytransferisthebestwaytoreducelosses.DeputyCommanderWangHesongimpassionedstatement:Wuzhenhold,isourmilitary'sduty!Ihavewinaseriesofvictories,morale,Wuzhenbattletovictory,fightthisbattle,aChinesemiracleinthehistoryofguerrillawarfare.CommanderZhuXididnothavemuch,butthefinalword.OnNovember5,weflewoverthetownforseveraldays,bombbursts,tremblingmoantranquiltowninthewar.Peoplehavethefeelingofacatastropheinthetown.6threconnaissancearoundthecommandpersonnelbroughtanurgentintelligence,town-widepanic,inthef