人教版必修三Unit5-Grammar

1.Thethoughtthattheywouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.2.SomepeoplehavetheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays.3.TheyforgetthefactthatCanadais5.500kilometresfromcoasttocoast.4.ThegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscansailuptheGreatLakes.同位语从句定义:同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。用法:常跟的抽象名词有:fact/idea/reason/thought/order/decision/doubt/news/hope/truth/belief…连词that/whether不充当成份who/which/what主语与宾语when/where/why/how状语(1)Weallknowthetruththattheearthgoesroundthesun.(2)Theyaskedmethequestionwhethertheworkwasworthdoing.(3)Ihavenoideawherehelives.试比较：(1)Heputforwardthesuggestionthatthesecondquestionshouldbediscussedfirst.(2)Thesuggestionthathehadputforwardwasturndown.（同位语从句）（定语从句）同位语从句与定语从句的区别:(1)定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。(2)定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述它的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行具体内容的补充说明。1)ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear.Tellthedifferencethat引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语.同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分.2)ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim.名词性从句名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。它的功能相当于名词.指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种。1.Whathewantsisabook.2.Itissonicethatwecanlearnthisgrammarpointtogether.3.IwonderwhetherIcanmakefriendswithyou.4.Thisiswhyhedidit.5.Doyouagreetothesuggestionthatwe(should)haveatripinTibet?主语从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?2.Idon'tknowwherehashegone.3.Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatthematterwas.Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsthereareinyourclass?Idon'tknowwherehehasgone.Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatwasthematter.规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：4.Wesuggestedthatwewouldgotothecinema.5.It’stimethatwehaveabreak.6.Hisproposalthatwewentthereonfootisacceptable.Wesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothecinema.It’stimewehadabreak.Hisproposalthatwe(should)gothereonfoot…...规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：7.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.8.Itdependsoniftheweatherissuitableforustodoit.9.Thequestionisifhehimselfwillbepresentatthemeeting.10.HeaskedmeifIcouldgowithhimornot.Whetherwewillhaveameetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.Itdependsonwhethertheweatheris…...Thequestioniswhetherhehimselfwillbepresent…...HeaskedmewhetherIcouldgowithhimornot.规律三：4种情况只能用whether：（1）与ornot连用；（2）前面有介词；（3）引导表语从句；（4）位于句子开头。找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.Everybodyconsidersitimpossiblewhichhewantstofinishthejobinsuchashorttime.4.Itdoesn’tmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.ititthatwhether规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下可以借助“it”而后置。名词从句与定语从句的主要区别1.成分上的区别：名词从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么样的成分？1.Howtheprisonerescapedremainsamystery.2.Iwonderwhether/ifheisfitforthejob.3.Theproblemiswhowillbeequaltothetask.4.Hehadnoideawhetherwecouldovercomethepresentdifficultiesornot.主语宾语表语同位语5.Ivisitedthecountrywhich/thathadbeenbombedbytheUS-ledNATO(美国为首的北约)amonthbefore．6.IshallneverforgettheyearswhenIlivedinthecountrysidewiththefarmers,whichhasagreateffectonmylife.7.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30pm.,bywhichtimemanypeoplehavegonehome.8.IhadneverseensuchagoodfilmasIwatchedlastnight.结论一：名词从句充当句子的主要成分；定于从句充当句子的修饰成分。2.引导词含义上的区别：引导词是否指向句中的某个成分？1.Thathecamebackmadeusveryhappy.2.I’msorry(that)I’vemadeamistake.3.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,whichIthinkisofgreatimportancetoscience.．4..Asweallknow,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.结论二：定语从句的引导词在语义上具有指代先行词的作用。名词从句的引导词不具备此功能。3.关于that:that在名词从句和定语从句中各起什么作用？1.Hepretended(that)hedidn’tseeme.2.Thatshelosthernecklaceonthewayhomemadehersoworried.3.Theschoolthatmysisterstudiesatisfarfromhere.4.Thefirstrequestthathemadewastoaskforfreedom.问题：that作何成分？(which)结论三：名词从句中的that只起引导词的作用，无任何意义。定语从句中的that在从句中充当主语或宾语，有时可以与which互换。4.引导词的不同：不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：不会出现在定语从句中的关系词：as,且when,where等不能与in/on/atwhich互换。whether,if,what,how5、名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：1.Hehasdonewhathecantohelpme.--Hehasdone________hecantohelpme.2.WhatIwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit.--________Iwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit.allthatAllthat3.Whoeverbreaksthelawistobepunished.____________breaksthelawistobepunished.5.We’llrememberwhomeverweturnedtoforhelp.We’llremember______________weturnedtoforhelp.6.Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo.Theywilldo____________hewantsthemtodo.Anyonewhoanyone(whom)anythingthat6、其余问题：1.误：Idon'tknowifhecomesbackthismonth.2.误：IhavenoideawhathadhappenedwhenIwasaway.正：Idon'tknowifhewillcomebackthismonth.正：IhavenoideawhathappenedwhenIwasaway.3.误：Thereasonisbecauseheisill.4.误：Wholeaveslastturnsoffthelight.正：Thereasonisthatheisill.正：Whoeverleaveslastturnsoffthelight.名词性从句试题集锦1.Iaskher_______comewithme.A.ifshewillB.ifwillsheC.whetherwillsheD.willshe2._______hesaidistrue.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Whether3.Canyoutellme________?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman4.Hedidn'tknowwhichroom_______.A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein5.Togetthejobstarted,_______Ineedissomemoney.A.onlywhatB.allwhatC.allthatD.onlythat6.Ihavenoidea_______fartherailwaystationisfromhere.A.whatB.howC.it'sD.that7.Canyoutellme_______therailwaystation?A.howIcangettoB.whatcanIgettoC.whe