Edmund-Spenser

III.EdmundSpenser斯宾塞(1552-1599)greatEnglishpoet,whobridgedthemedievalandElizabethanperiods斯宾塞（EdmundSpeser),是从杰弗雷.乔叟过渡到莎士比亚之间最杰出的诗人EdmundSpenser（1552—1599）in1579,TheShepherd’sCalendar,《牧人日历》apastoralpoemin12books,oneforeachmonthoftheyearEpithalamion《婚后曲》abeautifulsonnetsequence(series)andmarriageode,tocelebratehissuccessfulloveaffairculminatinginmarriageTheFaerieQueene《仙后》,hismasterpieceTheFaerieQueene《仙后》VerseformAllegory(寓言）Ataleinverseorproseinwhichcharacters,actions,orsettingsrepresentabstractideasormoralqualities.寓言，讽喻：一种文学、戏剧或绘画的艺术手法，其中人物和事件代表抽象的观点、原则或支配力。TheFaerieQueenepublishedin1589—159612booksfeastsof12days12knights,12adventuresonly6finished6knightsrepresent6virtues:Holiness(神圣),Temperance(节制),Chastity(贞洁),Friendship,JusticeandCourtesy(礼节)TheFaerieQueenepublishedin1589—1596FaerieQueenQueenElizabethITheknightsasawholeEnglandTheevilfigurestheenemiesofEngland（KingPhilipofSpain,MaryQueenofScots,TheChurchofRome）SymbolisminFaerieQueeneThedominatingthoughts:nationalism（民族主义）:celebrationofQueenElizabethIhumanism（人文主义）:strongoppositiontoRomanCatholicismPuritanism（清教主义，十分严格的道德观）:moralteaching3characteristicsinTheFaerieQueeneManyofthepersonsandscenesinthepoemarerathervividlydescribed,andpraisethevirtuousandcensurethewicked.Modernismandmedievalismareblended(mixed)andharmonizedbythebeautyofsoundandofcolorintheSpenserianpoetry.SpenserianStanza斯宾赛诗节Alineofiambicpentameterisfiveiambicfeetinarow:抑扬格五音步(每行10个音节，轻重交替):weak-strong-weak-strong-weak-strong-weak-strong-weak-strongTheSpenserianstanza:averseformconsistingof8iambicpentameterlinesfollowedbyaninthlineof6iambicfeetwiththerhymeschemeababbcbcc.斯宾塞在长诗《仙后》（FarieQueen1590---1609）中探索出一种新诗格律形式-九行诗节：每节9行，前8行都是每行10个音节，第9行为12个音节，按ababbcbcc押韵，被称作“斯宾塞诗节(theSpenserianstanza)”Spenser’sPositioninEnglishLiteratureHeisoneofgreatestsonnetpoetsinElizabethantime.SpenseristhefirstmastertomakeModernEnglishthenaturalmusicofhispoeticeffusions(抒发).Theunionoflineandmetreismoreharmonious,moresuppleandricherthantheworksofhispredecessor.Hehadgreatinfluenceonlaterwriters.