现在完成时(最全)

现在完成时时态的核心-------动词Studyingaims1.现在完成时的构成2.现在完成时的主要用法及相关的时间状语3.短暂性动词与时间段的关系4.havebeen与havegone比较5.与一般过去时的用法比较夏天还会远吗?willitstillbefarinsummer?春天已经来了,Springhasalreadycome,主语+have/has+过去分词（pp）助动词,无意义现在完成时的结构Winterhasalreadycome，willitstillbefarinspring?主语+have/has+过去分词（pp）否定形式haven’t(havenot）+过去分词hasn’t(hasnot)+过去分词疑问句把助动词have/has放在句首现在完成时的结构注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用has（过去分词的变化规则参照动词过去式，少数不规则形式特殊记！）Youhaveplantedallthetrees.Ihaveplantedallthetrees.He/shehasplantedallthetrees.Theyhaveplantedallthetrees.区别have和has的用法主语若是第三人称单数助动词用has过去分词的变化规则有五种：•1、一般在动词原形后加-ed。•例：look；looked；looked；call；called；called•注意：-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]，在浊辅音后发音为[d]，在元音后发音也为[d]，-ed在[t]、[d]后发音为[id]needed[ni:did].•2、以-e结尾的动词直接加-d。•例：move；moved；moved；phone；phoned；phoned•3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。•例：study；studied；studied•4、以元音字母加y结尾的词，直接加-ed。•例：play；played；played•5、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ed。•例：stop；stopped；stopped•不规则变化•原形过去式过去分词•1.AAA型costcostcost•2.AAB型beatbeatbeaten•3.ABA型runranrun•4.ABB型sitsatsat•常用不规则过去分词•be(am,is,are)(是）was,werebeen•begin（开始）beganbegun•drink（喝）drankdrunk•ring（铃响）rangrung•sing（唱）sangsung•swim（游泳）swamswum•blow（吹）blewblown•draw（画）drewdrawn•fly（飞）flewflown•grow（生长）grewgrown•know（知道）knewknown•throw（投掷）threwthrown•show（出示）showedshown•break（打破）brokebroken•choose（选择）chosechosen•forget（忘记）forgotforgotten(forgot)•speak（说，讲）spokespoken总结13练习：把下列句子变否、变疑。1.Wehaveseenthefilm.否：_______________________________疑：_______________________________2.Hehasheardofitbefore.否：_______________________________疑：_______________________________3.Shehasbeenherefortwoyears.否：_______________________________疑：_______________________________Wehaven’tseenthefilm.Haveyouseenthefilm?Hehasn’theardofitbefort.Hasheheardofitbefort?Shehasn’tbeenherefortwoyear.Hasshebeenherefortwoyear?144.IhavewatchedtheTVplay.否：_______________________________疑：_______________________________5.Jimmyhasfoundhislostpen.否：_______________________________疑：_______________________________6.Ihavealreadyhadmysupper.否：_______________________________疑：_______________________________Ihaven’twatchedtheTVplay.HaveyouwatchedtheTVplay?Jimmyhasn’tfoundhislostpen.HasJimmyfoundhislostpen?Ihaven’thadmysupperyet.Haveyouhadyoursupperyet?15(一)表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在的影响和产生的结果.它强调的是过去的动作同现在的联系.常用的时间状语有already,yet,ever,never,just,before等.现在完成时的主要用法Hehascuthishair.A:______yourbrother______hishomeworkyet?(finish)B:Yes,he‘salreadydoneit.KeywordsHasfinishedyetalready注意：already用于肯定句，yet用于疑问句和否定句中A:_______youever_______tothepark?(be)B:No,never.KeywordsHavebeenyetalreadyevernever注意：ever曾经用于疑问句中never从不带有否定意义I______just________thedesk,youcantakeittoyourclassroom.(mend)KeywordshavemendedyeteverneverjustalreadyJust刚刚与现在完成时连用一般置句中Justnow刚才与一般过去时连用(二)表示一个从过去开始,一直持续到现在,有可能继续下去的动作或状态.通常和for或since引导的时间状语连用.Thegirlhasdancedfor2hours.•1.Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?Ａ.alreadyＢ.neverＣ.everＤ.Still•2.HaveyoumetMr.Li______？Ａ.justＢ.agoＣ.beforeＤ.amomentago•3.—Ourcountry______alotsofar.—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.Ａ.haschanged;wellＢ.changed;goodＣ.haschanged;betterＤ.changed;better•4.We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.Ａ.knowＢ.hadknown•Ｃ.haveknownＤ.Knew•5.Hisfather______thePartysince1978.Ａ.joinedＢ.hasjoined•Ｃ.wasinＤ.hasbeenin•6.Jimhasneverseenapanda，________he?•A.doesB.doesn’tC.hasD.hasn’tTom___________intheschoolsinceheleftschooltenyearsago.(work)Keywordshasworkedsincesince后面带过去时间或有一般过去时的句子A:Howlong______you________inthisschool?(teach)B:For6years.Keywordshavetaughtsincefor+一段时间We_______only____________100treessofar.(plant)Keywordshaveplantedsofar到目前为止Keywordsyeteverneversinceforjustbeforealreadysofarinthepast10yearstwice也可以是其他表示次数的词howlong现在完成时的用法29标志性时间状语30•Hehasboughtthebook.•Hehasboughtthebookforaweek.•Hehashadthebookforaweek.buyhavecome/go/gettobeinjoinbeinbea…memberleavebeawayborrowkeepbeginbeonfinishbeoverdiebedeadreturnbebackShehasboughttheHuaweiPhonefortwoyears.hadbuyhave/hashadHowlonghaveyoucometotheXi'an？beenincometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadMr.ZhanghasgonetoChinasincethreemonthsago.beenincometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeninIhaveleftGuangyuanforeightyears.beenawayforeightyears.cometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierleavehave/hasbeenawayIhaveborrowedthedictionarysince3daysago.keptcometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierleavehave/hasbeenawayborrowhave/haskeptThefilmhasbegunfor10minutes.beenoncometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierleavehave/hasbeenawayborrowhave/haskeptbeginhave/hasbeenonTheconcerthasfinishedforhalfanhour.beenovercometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierleavehave/hasbeenawayborrowhave/haskeptbeginhave/hasbeenonfinishhave/hasbeenoverHisdoghasdiedfortwoyears.beendeadcometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoinhave/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldierleavehave/hasbeenawayborrowhave/haskeptbeginhave/hasbeenonfin