英语教学术语

英语教学术语库IntroductiontoOnlineCourses导论adapt/adaptation改编advancement前进，进步aim总目标，教学的基本目的alternative可供选择的appliedlinguistics应用语言学approach教学路子，教学方针assessment评估attitude态度audiomaterial听力材料autonomy自主，独立awareness意识bank语料库classroommanagement课堂组织.....collaboration合作commoncore语言共核commonsense常识communication交际communicativeskills交际技能conceptualize概念化constructivism构建主义coursecontent课程内容cultivateindependence培养独立性custom-built定制的demonstrate示范design设计domain领域educationalexperiment教育实验ELT=EnglishLanguageTeaching英语教学evaluation评价explicit显形的expertise专业性，专业知识或技能exploration探索facilitate帮助，减少困难feedback反馈fringeapproach边缘方法，非主流方法generalproficiency综合水平glossary术语表implicit隐性的individualizedteaching因材施教informationaccess得到信息的便利条件in-servicetraining在职培训insight见解integrate结合interest兴趣intuition本能issue问题，议题justify表明（某人/某事）是正当的learner-centered以学生为中心的learningeffect学习效果languageform语言形式lessonplanning备课lifeenhancing终生有益的linguisticcompetence语言能力menu菜单methodology教学法methods教学方法modularstructure由独立单元组成的，可供学生选修的模式motivation动机multi-perspective多视角的normalpattern常规模式objective具体教学目标operation操作outsideclassroomactivity课外活动overlap重叠pedagogicalskill教学技能policymaking决策practicaltraining实用的训练practicingteacher在职教师pre-servicetraining职前培训principle原则priorknowledge已有知识privacy私下process过程processor加工人/器product产品professionalism专业技能，职业特性qualification资格，资历rationale理论基础recycling循环reflection反思relaxingenvironment轻松的环境researchmethod研究方法researchprojects科研项目resourcesharing资源共享self-contained独立的situatedlearning有情景的学习skill-getting获得技能skill-using使用技能strategies策略subject科目Suggestopedia暗示法supervise监控，指导syllabus大纲targetlanguage目的语targetuser用户teachereducation教师专业教育teachertraining教师（技能）培训teacher-trainer培训者teachingaids教具technicalterms术语technique技术TEFL=TeachingEnglishasaForeignLanguage英语作为外语的教学法testing测试TheSilentWay沉默法trainee受训者trend倾向tutorial指导课unknownarea未知领域user-friendly便于使用的user-orientated为使用者专门设计的visualmaterial视觉教材website网址web-basedinstruction网络教学well-developed发达的TheTeachingofPhonetics语音教学1.allophonic:音位变体的，语音变体的。2.articulation:发音动作，发音。3.consonantclusters辅音4.contentwords实词5.contraction:缩略形式。6.discrimination:辨别。7.formwords虚词8.homophones:同音异形词9.inflection:变音；转调；语音的抑扬变化。10.jingle:叠韵的诗句。11.lateralconsonant边辅音12.linkingofsouds音的连读13.mimicry模仿14.minimalpair:最小对立体。15.nasals鼻音16.ongoing持续的17.oralcavity口腔18.phoneme：音位（语音的最小单位）；音素。19.prosodicfeature:韵律特征。20.remedialteaching(此处为)纠音教学法21.rhythm:节奏。22.segment:单位；切分成分。23.segmentalphoneme：切分音位。24.sightwords:同形异音词25.softpalate软腭26.supersegmentalphoneme:超切分音位27.utterance:发声，表达，话语（指两个停顿或可能的停顿之间的一串言语，通常在话语的末尾用上升或下降的终端连音表示）。28.vibration振动共鸣29.willy-nilly:不管愿不愿意。TheTeachingofVocabulary词汇教学acquire习得（语言）adjective形容词adverb副词affixation加词缀（法）antonym反义词brainstorming（为发挥成员积极性以解决难题而举行的）集体自由讨论chorusrepetition齐声朗读collocation搭配conjunction连词connotation内涵意义connotativemeaning内涵意义context上下文contextualmeaning上下文意义crossworddefinition定义denotation指示意义denotativemeaning指示意义interjection感叹词intermediatelevel中级水平morpheme词素mothertongueacquisition母语习得noun名词partofspeech词类polysemy多义现象；多义性prefix前缀preposition介词pronoun代词root词根speechsound言语语音suffix后缀synonym同义词verb动词vocabularyexpansion单词扩充wordformation构词，构词法TeachingofGrammar语法教学comprehensibleinput:有意义输入cue:提示词chaindrill:链式操练deductivemethod:演绎法function:功能inductivemethod:归纳法morpheme:词素multi-slotsubstitution:多成分替换morphology:词法syntax:句法theGrammarTranslationMethod:语法翻译法transformationdrill:转换练习single-slotsubstitution:单一成分替换TheTeachingofListening听力教学backgroudknowledge背景知识bottom-upprocessing自下而上认识法communicativecompetence交际能力decode解码encode编码informationinput/output信息输入/输出interactionalpurpose互动目的lead-in导入linguisticcompetence语言能力phatic寒暄top-downprocessing自上而下认识法transactionalpurpose信息传递目的Bottom-upprocessing:Itreferstoanunderstandingofanauralmessagewithasuccessiveprocedure,i.e.fromthebottom---sound,thenuptowords,phrases,sentences,paragraphs,andfinallytothewholediscourse.Itisaprocessoflanguagedecodingfromthesmallerunitstobiggerunitsofmeaning.Top-downprocessing:Itreferstoanunderstandingofalisteningmaterialbyusingone'sbackgroundknowledge.Itstartsfromthetop---makinganexpectation,andthendowntotheactualutterancetoconfirmit.Usually,top-downprocessing,togetherwithbottom-upprocessing,functionsatthesametimewhenalisteneristryingtounderstandamessage.Interactional:Interactionalusesoflanguagearethoseinwhichtheprimarypurposesforcommunicationaresocial.Theemphasisisoncreatingharmoniousinteractionsbetweenparticipantsratherthanoncommunicatinginformation.Thegoalfortheparticipantsistomakesocialinteractioncomfortableandnon-threatening.Transactional:Transactionalusesoflanguagearethoseinwhichlanguageisbeingusedprimarilyforcommunicatinginformation.Incomparisonwiththevaguenessofinteractionallanguage,transactionallanguagerequiresaccuracy,coherence,explicitness,directness,andconfirmationthatthemessagehasbeenunderstood.Phaticresponse:Phaticresponseisakindofresponseinspeech,esp.inconversation.Itisusedtoestablishsocialcontactandtoexpresssocialratherthanspecificmeaning.TeachingofSpeaking口语教学Conversiondrill转换练习Decode解码Demonstration：示范Encode编码Informationgap信息沟Inhibition约束，抑制Interaction交互作用，互动Mechanical