现代大学英语精读4课文原文

Lesson1ThinkingasaHobbyWilliamGoldingWhileIwasstillaboy,Icametotheconclusionthattherewerethreegradesofthinking;andthatImyselfcouldnotthinkatall.Itwastheheadmasterofmygrammarschoolwhofirstbroughtthesubjectofthinkingbeforeme.Hehadsomestatuettesinhisstudy.Theystoodonahighcupboardbehindhisdesk.Onewasaladywearingnothingbutabathtowel.Sheseemedfrozeninaneternalpaniclestthebathtowelslipdownanyfarther,andsinceshehadnoarms,shewasinanunfortunatepositiontopullthetowelupagain.Nexttoher,crouchedthestatuetteofaleopard,readytospringdownatthetopdrawerofafilingcabinet.Beyondtheleopardwasanaked,musculargentleman,whosat,lookingdown,withhischinonhisfistandhiselbowonhisknee.Heseemedutterlymiserable.Sometimelater,Ilearnedaboutthesestatuettes.Theheadmasterhadplacedthemwheretheywouldfacedelinquentchildren,becausetheysymbolizedtohimtowholeoflife.ThenakedladywastheVenus.ShewasLove.Shewasnotworriedaboutthetowel.Shewasjustbusybeingbeautiful.TheleopardwasNature,andhewasbeingnatural.Thenaked,musculargentlemanwasnotmiserable.HewasRodin'sThinker,animageofpurethought.IhadbetterexplainthatIwasafrequentvisitortotheheadmaster'sstudy,becauseofthelatestthingIhaddoneorleftundone.Aswenowsay,Iwasnotintegrated.Iwas,ifanything,disintegrated.WheneverIfoundmyselfinapenalpositionbeforetheheadmaster'sdesk,Iwouldsinkmyhead,andwritheoneshoeovertheother.Theheadmasterwouldlookatmeandsay,Whatarewegoingtodowithyou?Well,whatweretheygoingtodowithme?Iwouldwrithemyshoesomemoreandstaredownatthewornrug.Lookup,boy!Can'tyoulookup?ThenIwouldlookatthecupboard,wherethenakedladywasfrozeninherpanicandthemusculargentlemancontemplatedthehindquartersoftheleopardinendlessgloom.Ihadnothingtosaytotheheadmaster.Hisspectaclescaughtthelightsothatyoucouldseenothinghumanbehindthem.Therewasnopossibilityofcommunication.Don'tyoueverthinkatall?No,Ididn'tthink,wasn'tthinking,couldn'tthink-Iwassimplywaitinginanguishfortheinterviewtostop.Thenyou'dbetterlearn-hadn'tyou?Ononeoccasiontheheadmasterleapedtohisfeet,reachedupandputRodin'smasterpieceonthedeskbeforeme.That'swhatamanlookslikewhenhe'sreallythinking.Clearlytherewassomethingmissinginme.Naturehadendowedtherestofthehumanracewithasixthsenseandleftmeout.Butlikesomeoneborndeaf,butbitterlydeterminedtofindoutaboutsound,Iwatchedmyteacherstofindoutaboutthought.TherewasMr.Houghton.Hewasalwaystellingmetothink.Withamodestsatisfaction,hewouldtellthathehadthoughtabithimself.Thenwhydidhespendsomuchtimedrinking?Orwastheremoresenseindrinkingthanthereappearedtobe?Butifnot,andifdrinkingwereinfactruinoustohealth-andMr.Houghtonwasruined,therewasnodoubtaboutthat-whywashealwaystalkingaboutthecleanlifeandthevirtuesoffreshair?Sometimes,exaltedbyhisownoratory,hewouldleapfromhisdeskandhustleusoutsideintoahideouswind.Now,boys!Deepbreaths!Feelitrightdowninsideyou-hugedraughtsofGod'sgoodair!Hewouldstandbeforeus,puthishandsonhiswaistandtakeatremendousbreath.Youcouldhearthewindtrappedinhischestandstrugglingwithalltheunnaturalimpediments.Hisbodywouldreelwithshockandhisfacegowhiteattheunaccustomedvisitation.Hewouldstaggerbacktohisdeskandcollapsethere,uselessfortherestofthemorning.Mr.Houghtonwasgiventohigh-mindedmonologuesaboutthegoodlife,sexlessandfullofduty.Yetinthemiddleofoneofthesemonologues,ifagirlpassedthewindow,hisneckwouldturnofitselfandhewouldwatchheroutofsight.Inthisinstance,heseemedtomerulednotbythoughtbutbyaninvisibleandirresistiblespringinhisnack.Hisneckwasanobjectofgreatinteresttome.Normallyitbulgedabitoverhiscollar.ButMr.HoughtonhadfoughtintheFirstWorldWaralongsidebothAmericansandFrench,andhadcometoasettleddetestationofbothcountries.Ifeithercountryhappenedtobeprominentincurrentaffairs,noargumentcouldmakeMr.Houghtonthinkwellofit.Hewouldbangthedesk,hisneckwouldbulgestillfurtherandgored.Youcansaywhatyoulike,hewouldcry,butI'vethoughtaboutthis-andIknowwhatIthink!Mr.Houghtonthoughtwithhisneck.Thiswasmyintroductiontothenatureofwhatiscommonlycalledthought.ThroughthemIdiscoveredthatthoughtisoftenfullofunconsciousprejudice,ignorance,andhypocrisy.Itwilllectureondisinterestedpuritywhileitsneckisbeingremorselesslytwistedtowardaskirt.Technically,itisaboutasproficientasmostbusinessmen'sgolf,ashonestasmostpolitician'sintentions,orascoherentasmostbooksthatgetwritten.ItiswhatIcametocallgrade-threethinking,thoughmoreproperly,itisfeeling,ratherthanthought.True,oftenthereisakindofinnocenceinprejudices,butinthosedaysIviewedgrade-threethinkingwithcontemptandmockery.IdelightedtoconfrontapiousladywhohatedtheGermanswiththepropositionthatweshouldloveourenemies.Shetaughtmeagreattruthindealingwithgrade-threethinkers;becauseofher,Inolongerdismisslightlyamentalprocesswhichfornine-tenthsofthepopulationisthenearesttheywillevergettothought.Theyhaveimmensesolidarity.Wehadbetterrespectthem,forweareoutnumberedandsurrounded.Acrowdofgrade-threethinkers,allshoutingthesamething,allwarmingtheirhandsatthefireoftheirownprejudices,willnotthankyouforpointingoutthecontradictionsintheirbeliefs.Manenjoysagreementascowswillgrazeallthesamewayonthesideofahill.Grade-twothinkingisthedetectionofcontradictions.