新视角研究生英语读说写六单元课后练习答案

•ExercisesReadingComprehensionStructureoftheTextUnit6:ExercisesVocabularyClozeTranslationUnit6:Readingcomprehension1.Attheverybeginningofthearticle,theauthorpointsout:“ambitionisaqualitythatishardtopraiseandeasytodeplore”.Whydoeshesayso?Andhowisthisrelatedtothefactthatpresentlymanypeoplearedoubtfulaboutambition?Whatbeliefdothesepeopleholdaboutambition?Becauseambitionis“anunrelentingoppressor,whichrobsusoftimeandpeaceofmind”,meaningthatambitioncanmercilesslycausepeoplemuchdistressandsuffering,drivingthemtoworkovertimewithlittletimeleftforleisureandrelaxationandfillingtheirmindswithdissatisfaction,worryandanxiety.Thisisespeciallytrueineconomicallyboomingperiodssuchasthepresentwhentherearemoreopportunitiesalluringpeople.Asaresult,presentlymanypeoplearedoubtfulaboutambition,believingthatambitionhasbecometoohardtocontrolandisforcingustomaketoogreateffortsandholdtoostrongdesireswhichwillfinallydestroyourselves.ReferenceEx.I,pp.114~115Unit6:Readingcomprehension2.Inparagraphs2and3,theauthorcitessomeexamplestoshowthatambitionisnotmerelythepursuitofwealth,actuallypeoplefromeverywalkoflifehavetheirownambitiontoachieve.Whatdifferentambitionsdodifferentpeoplehave?Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthemismostcommonlysharedbypeople?Andwhatroledoesmoneyplayinitsfulfillment?Unit6:ReadingcomprehensionTheauthorcitesfourexamples:1)AlGore’sambitionistobeelectedAmericanpresident;2)America’scomputermoguls’ambitionistocontrolthenation’scyberagenda;3)Americanfootballplayers’ambitionistoscoreatouchdown;4)Mostpeople’sambitionistosearchforstatussymbolsthatseparatethemfromthecrowd.Thelastoneismostcommonlysharedbypeople.Moneyisnottheonlywaybutsurelythemostcommonwaytorealizethisambition,asitcaneasilychangeintosomeothersymbolofidentityandstatus,suchasabiggerhouse,amoreexoticvacation,aniftierbike,afastercomputer.ReferenceUnit6:Readingcomprehension3.Inparagraph3,theauthorsays“One-upmanshipisanationalmania.”Doyouknowthemeaningoftheword“one-upmanship”?Andcanyoufindsomeotherexpressionsinthearticlewhichhavesimilarmeaning?What’stherelationshipbetweenone-upmanshipandalltheabove-mentionedexamplesofambition?Intheauthor’smind,ambitionisnotonly“aquestforriches”,thenwhatisit?Theword“one-upmanship”meansgaininganadvantageandafeelingofsuperiorityoverotherpeople.Expressionssuchas“outdo”,“excel”havesimilarmeaning.Thedesireforone-upmanshipcansummarizealltheabove-mentionedexamplesofambition.Intheauthor’smind,ambitionisaquestforone-upmanship—tobebetterormoresuccessfulthanotherpeople.ReferenceUnit6:Readingcomprehension4.Inthesentence“One-upmanshipisanationalmania.”,theword“mania”isalsoadeliberatechoiceonthepartoftheauthor.Whatimagedoesitevokeinyourmind?Theword“mania”originallyreferstoamentalillnessinwhichsomebodyhasanobsessionaboutsomethingthatmakesthemextremelyanxious,violentorconfused（躁狂症）.Hereitmeansanextremelystrongdesireorenthusiasmforsomethingsharedbyalotofpeopleatthesametime.Itevokesapictureofalotofpeoplebehavinginananxious,violentandconfusedwayinordertosurpasseachother.ReferenceUnit6:Readingcomprehension5.Inparagraph4,theauthorsays“thecontestseemsfutile.”Whatdoes“thecontest”referto?Whyisit“futile”?Toprovethispoint,theauthordescribesaparadoxicalphenomenonintoday’ssociety,thatis,althoughpeople’sincomeisrising,theystillhavetoworkhardonlytobeabletomakeendsmeet.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthecauseofthisphenomenon?Unit6:Readingcomprehension“Thecontest”referstotheconsumptioncompetition—thecompetitionforone-upmanshipinthesearchforstatussymbolsthatseparateonefromthecrowd.Itis“futile”becausethereisnochanceofwinningitsincematerialpursuitisendless.Thecauseofthisparadoxicalphenomenonisthat“they’rerunninginthepackwitheveryoneelse”,thatis,peoplearenotsimplystrugglingtoownmorematerialwealth,instead,theyarestrugglingtosurpassothers—toownmorematerialwealthandthusachievehighersocialstatusthanothers.Theynotonlyhavetopossesswidelyownedconsumerproductsinordernottobeconsideredacrankorapauper,butalsohavetobuyexpensiveproductsbeyondtheirfinancialcapacitysothattheycanbemoresuccessfulthanotherpeoplewithwhomtheycomparethemselves.Astherearealwaysmorefashionableandmoreexpensiveluxuriescomingout,theirmaterialdesiresseeminfinite.Consequently,theirrisingincomesoftencannotsatisfytheirrisingwants.ReferenceUnit6:Readingcomprehension6.Inparagraph6,theauthorliststhreenegativeimpactsofplayingthefutilecontestofcompetitiveconsumptiononpeople.Whatarethey?Whatstatisticsandexamplesdoestheauthorquotetoillustratethesepoints?The3negativeimpactsare:1)Frustrationispreordained,whichisprovedbytheresultofaNewsweekPollthat,despitetheboomingeconomy,adultsfounditmoredifficulttolivethekindoflifetheywant.2)Thestresscanleadtotragedy,whichisillustratedbyMarkBarton,adaytraderwhomurdered12peopleandthencommittedsuicidewhenhewasdisillusionedbystockloss.3)Peopleroutinelytrytobeatthesystemthroughget-rich-quickschemes,whichisindicatedbythepopularityoflegalizedgambling.ReferenceUnit6:Readingcomprehension7.Becauseofthosenegativeeffectsofambitiononpeople,ambitionhasgottenmanyenemies.Oneopinionagainstambitiontellspeopleto“s