小升初各种时态、动词变形的讲解及练习

———————————————————————————————————————小升初复习-----动词的各种时态讲解及练习一、一般现在时：一般现在时的构成1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。Heisastudent.他是一个学生2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语动词第三人称单数变化规则：A、一般直接加“s”，如：play–plays,visit–visits,speak–speaks；B、以“s”，“x”，“sh”，“ch”结尾时，加“es”，如：catch–catches,watch–watches；C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，变“y”为“i”再加“es”，如：carry–carries,study–studies。一般现在时的变化1.be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn‘t构成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?二、现在进行时1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。Heistakingpictures.（2）现在分词（动名词）构成规则：A、一般直接加“ing”，如：go–going,do–doing,look–looking；———————————————————————————————————————B、以不发音的“e”结尾的单词，去“e”加“ing”，如：take–taking,make–making,have–having；C、以重读闭音节结尾的词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需要双写这个字母再加“ing”，如：put–putting,stop–stopping,run–running,get–getting,swim–swimming,sit–sitting,begin–beginning,jog–jogging,forget–forgetting。2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.Themonkeyisswinging.Sheiscookingdinner.heisdoinghishomework．3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。Sheisnottakingpictures.Heisn’tclimbingmountains.4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。Ishereadingabook?Istherabbitrunning?5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?三、一般将来时1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）thismorning,thisafternoon,thisevening等。2.基本结构：①begoingto+do；Sheisgoingtovisithisgrandparentsnextweekend.Amyisgoingtoclimbmountainstomorrow.②will+do.Hewillgoshoppingthisafternoon.Hewillgotoshanghainextmonth.3.否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。四、一般过去时1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。如：yesterday,last(weekend,month,year…)beusedto2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（wasnot=wasn’t）⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（werenot=weren’t）⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didn’t+动词原形，如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?———————————————————————————————————————特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?（3）过去式构成规则：A、一般直接加“ed”，如：plant–planted,visit–visited,pick–picked；B、以不发音字母“e”结尾，直接加“ed”，如：like–liked,hope–hoped,taste–tasted；C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，变“y”为“i”再加“ed”，如：try–tried,carry–carried,study–studied；D、有些动词要双写最后一个字母，再加“ed”，如：stop–stopped；E、还有很多动词的过去式是不规则的，请记忆：是-am(be)-was-是-are(be)-were是-be-was,were练一练：——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————1、写出下列动词的第三人称单数。drink__________go____________stay__________make__________look__________have_________pass__________carry__________come___________watch__________plant_________fly________study________brush_________do___________teach____________take__________see__________2、写出下列动词的现在分词。put__________give__________fly_________get________dance________sit_________run________plant_________take___________swim_________ask___________stop__________take_________write__________have__________smoke_________think__________want__________tell__________3、写出下列动词的过去式。is\am_________fly_______plant________are________drink_________play_______go________make________does_________dance________worry___________ask________taste_________eat__________draw________put______throw________kick_________pass_______do________4、用动词的适当形式填空。（1）I______toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.Mybrotheroften_______toschoolwithme.Yesterdaywe_______toschooltogether.Welike________toschoolverymuch.(go)（2）Theyusually_______lunchathome.Butlastweek,they____lunchatschool.(have)（3）That______myEnglishbook.It_____new.Butnowit_____nothere.It______thereamomentago.(be)（4）Mysisterlikes________verymuch.Sheoften_______atourschoolfestival.———————————————————————————————————————Lastterm,she_______alotofsongsintheschoolhall.She_____beautifully.(sing)（5）What_____heusually______onSunday?Heusually______hishomework.Look!He__________hishomeworknow.______he_______hishomeworklastSunday?Yes,he_______.(do)（6）Dopeopleusually_______mooncakesatMid-autumnFestival?Yes,theydo.Didyou_______mooncakeslastMid-autumnFestival?Yes,Idid.I_______alotofdeliciousmooncakes.(eat)5、用所给词的正确形式填空1．I(like)thestoryofMonkeyKingbetterthanRobinHood.2．YesterdayI(write)alettertomyfriend.3．Tom(send)someemailstohisparentslastnight.4．Therobot(buy)vegetablesinthesupermarketeveryday.5．Kate________________(swim)inthepooltomorrow.6．Look!Herbrother(fly)akite.7．I(find)awalletand(give)ittothepolicethatday.8．Grandma(be)ill.Andwe(take)hertohospitalyesterday.9．He(teach)herkungfutwiceaweek.10．They(make)amodelplanebythemselvesandwevisitedit.11．Theboyis(drop)abag.———————————————————————————————————————12.What(do)heusually(do)afterschool?13.Howmanylessons_________yourclassmate________(have)onMonday?14.Whatti