创新设计浙江专用2017届高考英语二轮复习第二部分基础语法巧学巧练专题八非谓语动词课件

专题八非谓语动词⊙怎么考在语篇语境中考查非谓语动词的基本用法，侧重考查作定语、状语、补足语的用法。⊙怎么学在平时阅读、写作练习中，认真体会其基本用法，尝试运用。⊙怎么解1.分析句子结构，确定设空处在句子中充当的成分(如状语、定语等)；2.搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。Ⅰ.体验考向单句语法填空1.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Itwasagreathonour________(invite)backstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase，whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch.2.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter________(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.3.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Whenanewdaybreaks，thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough________(cool)thehouseduringthehotday;atthesametime，theywarmupagainforthenight.4.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Theadobedwellings(土坯房)________(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeventhemostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.5.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Abercrombie&Kent，atravelcompanyinHongKong，saysitregularlyarrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople________(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.6.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty，whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirabilityto“aircondition”ahousewithout________(use)electricequipment.7.(2015·广东卷)Sincetheplantstookawhiletogrow，hestartedcuttingdowntrees________(sell)thewood.8.(2015·江苏卷)Muchtime________(spend)sittingatadesk，officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.9.(2015·湖南卷)Whentheclerksawakindfacewrinkledinanapologeticsmile，shestoodrootedtotheground，________(wonder)whethertostayorleave.10.(2015·湖南卷)SometimesIactasalisteningearforfellowstudents________(talk)overwhatisbotheringthem.答案1.tobeinvited[考查固定句型，it’sagreathonourtodosth做某事很荣幸，根据句意：很荣幸被邀请到非盈利的熊猫基地的后台去。故用动词不定式的被动式。]2.permitted[因为句中已有谓语动词was，故此处要用非谓语动词形式。因permit与reporter为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。]3.tocool[考查非谓语动词。enoughtodosth表示“足以做某事”。]4.built[考查过去分词作定语。builtbythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwest是过去分词短语作定语修饰Theadobedwellings。build和被修饰词之间是被动关系，且此动作已发生，所以用过去分词。]5.living[住在上海和香港的人们。由于people和动词live是主谓结构，故应该使用living作定语修饰名词people，相当于定语从句wholiveinShanghaiandHongKong。]6.using[考查非谓语动词。without是介词，后面接动词－ing形式。]7.tosell[考查非谓语动词。动词不定式在此处表示目的。]8.spent[句意：大部分时间坐在办公桌旁，办公室职员通常被健康问题所困扰。time与spend之间构成被动关系，另外该题实际考查了非谓语动词的独立主格结构。]9.wondering[句意：当店员看到一张充满善意的脸上挂着满怀歉意的微笑时，她呆呆地站在原地，不知该走还是不走。wondering是现在分词作伴随状语，修饰动词stood。]10.totalk[句意：有时候我充当同学们的倾诉对象，让他们通过倾诉释放心头的烦心事。forsbtodosth是不定式的复合结构，在句中作定语，修饰alisteningear。]Ⅱ.考点集训集训❶单句语法填空1.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmetal________(create)specialdesigns.2.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots，________(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.3.(2015·浙江卷)Listeningtomusicathomeisonething，goingtohearit________(perform)liveisquiteanother.4.(2015·北京卷)Theparkwasfullofpeople，________(enjoy)themselvesinthesunshine.5.(2015·北京卷)________(catch)theearlyflight，weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.6.(2015·安徽卷)________(ignore)thedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.7.(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)Onemorning，Iwaswaitingatthebusstop，worriedabout________(be)lateforschool.8.(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver，butherefused________(stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.答案1.tocreate2.using3.beingperformed4.enjoying5.Tocatch6.Ignoring7.being8.tostop集训❷用所给动词的适当形式完成下列短文，然后朗读或背诵，在语境中体会非谓语动词的用法。BuyingbooksontheInternetisagreatway__1__(save)timeandmoney.Onlinebookstoresoffernewbooksand__2__(use)booksthatcansaveyoualotofmoney.What’smore，theyarefarbetter__3__(compare)totraditionalbookstoresastheyoffermuchbroaderkindsofbooks.Youcaneitherclickthekindofe-booksonlineortypethebooktitleandgetitinseconds.Anotheradvantageof__4__(shop)onlineisthatyoucanalsoreadthebookreviewsaswellasreaders’reviewstogetanideawhetherthebookisworth__5__(buy).Onlinebookstoresoffergreatdiscounts，whichisabigattractionforbooklovers.Forbooklovers，itismostimportant__6__(get)booksintime.Therefore，youneedtofindareliableonlinebookstorethatwillbeabletoprovidefastdeliveries.Herearesometipstousewhen__7__(select)anonlinebookstore.Someonlinebookstoresarepopularforfictionbooks;somearefornon-fictionbooksornovels，etc.__8__(understand)theirspecializationwillhelpyoutogettherightkindsofbooksintime.Checkwhetheryouwillbebuyingthebooksfromathird-partysellerordirectlyfromthewebsites.Never__9__(jump)atstoresthatoffersupercheapprices，asbooks__10__(sell)atsuchlowpricecouldbeinverybadcondition.答案1.tosave2.used3.compared4.shopping5.buying6.toget7.selecting8.Understanding9.jump10.sold■知识胸有成竹一、非谓语动词的3种形式所谓的三种形式是指动词不定式、动词-ing形式、过去分词。它们的具体类型及语态变化如下表：从上表可以看出，非谓语动词具有动词的性质，即有时态与语态的变化，但不作谓语动词。要正确使用非谓语动词，在做题时就要记住两种关系。二、非谓语动词常考的4个句法功能1.非谓语动词作主语(1)能作主语的非谓语动词有不定式和动名词。二者的区别是：表示某一具体的动作时，多用不定式；表示比较抽象的一般行为倾向的，多用动名词。动名词作主语时通常位于句首；不定式作主语时常置于句末，用it作形式主语放在句首。(2)动名词或不定式都可以在句中作主语，但在下列句型中常用动名词作主语。it作形式主语代替动名词常出现在Itisnouse/gooddoing...，Itisusefuldoing...，Itisawasteoftimedoing...等句式里。2.非谓语动词作定语表示被动、完成用过去分词(done)；表示主动、进行用现在分词(doing)；表示被动、进行用beingdone；表示被动的动作尚未进行用tobedone。3.非谓语动词作状语(1)分词作状语分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，一般在句中作时间、原因、方式、条件、伴随等状语。①现在分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是由句子主语执行的，它们之间是主谓关系。现在分词的完成时即havingdone表示动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。②过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间是动宾关系。③某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，此时这些过去分词表示一种状态。这样的词有：lost(迷路的)，seated(坐)，lost/absorbedin(沉溺于)，dressedin(穿着)，tiredof(感到厌烦)，facedwith(面对)等。Facedwiththedifficultsituation，hetookco