浅谈电动汽车发展及应用

浅谈电动汽车发展及应用I摘要随着汽车拥有量逐年增加，汽车废气排放及对石油资源的过度消耗所引发的环境、能源问题日益严重。控制汽车废气污染及石油的替代能源已成为亟待解决的课题。因此近几十年来，世界各国政一直努力致力于研究开发和推广使用各种低排放或零排放汽车，以解决空气污染问题。电动车是以电力作为能源、由电动机驱动的机动车辆，电动车是典型的零排放车，是目前最具开发潜力的绿色交通工具。通过对电动汽车的种类、特点，对汽车的组成结构和参数的研究，对电动汽车的性能进行综合评估，电动汽车是新能源汽车，是零污染汽车，所以，对电动汽车心脏的能源系统进行分析研究，通过对性能源电池使用寿命、容量、性能及新兴起的电池的研究分析，更好对电动汽车现状发展及应用做出更好的分析。我国电动车的现状是：由于电池的限制和成本过高，使得电动汽车无法量产和应用。而电动自行车由于成本低，得以迅猛发展。研究低成本高效电池和社会充电系统是今后我国电动汽车的发展趋势及应用。关键词：环境保护，节能减排，低碳经济，电动车，蓄电池，现状，趋势浅谈电动汽车发展及应用1AbstractWithcarownershipisincreasingyearbyyear,vehicleemissionsandexcessiveconsumptionofpetroleumresourcescausedbytheenvironment,energyissuesbecomeincreasinglyserious.Controlofvehicleemissionpollutionandoilalternativeenergyhasbecomeanurgentissue.Therefore,inrecentdecades,thepoliticalworldhasbeenworkinghardtoresearchanddevelopmentandpromotetheuseofavarietyoflow-emissionorzeroemissionvehicles,inordertosolvetheairpollutionproblem.Electriccarsareelectricityasanenergysource,themotor-drivenvehicles,electricvehiclesisatypicalzero-emissionvehicles,isthemostpotentialfordevelopmentofgreentransport.ThestatusofelectricvehiclesinChinais:Becausethebatterylimitationsandthecosttoohightoallowproductionandelectricvehiclescannotbeapplied.Theelectricbikebecauseoflowcost,rapiddevelopmentpossible.Oflow-cost,highefficiencybatterychargingsystemandsocietyinthefuturedevelopmenttrendofChina'selectriccar.Keywords：EnvironmentalProtection，EnergyConservation，Low-carbonEconomy，ElectricCars，StorageBattery；，Situation，Tendency浅谈电动汽车发展及应用2目录摘要......................................................................................................................................IAbstract..............................................................................................................................................11引言...................................................................................................................................31.1大气污染与汽车排放.................................................................................................................31.2时代呼唤零排放.........................................................................................................................32电动汽车概述...................................................................................................................42.1什么是电动车.............................................................................................................................42.2电动汽车的种类和特点.............................................................................................................42.3电动汽车发展史话及发展战略.................................................................................................63电动汽车的组成结构...................................................................................................103.1电动汽车基本结构...................................................................................................................103.2电动汽车参数...........................................................................................................................133.3电动汽车的性能评价...............................................................................................................144电动汽车心脏的能源系统..............................................................................................154.1电动汽车的能源特点...............................................................................................................154.2电动汽车蓄电池.......................................................................................................................164.2.1蓄电池的容量................................................................................................................164.2.2比能量和比功率............................................................................................................174.2.3电动汽车的循环寿命和主要蓄电池............................................................................174.3其他新兴的电动汽车能源系统...............................................................................................194.3.1燃料电池.........................................................................................................................194.3.2超高速飞轮储能技术....................................................................................................205电动汽车的现状及发展趋势.........................................................................................215.1电动汽车现状分析....................................................................................................................215.2电动汽车发展趋势....................................................................................................................25结论...................................................................................................................................27参考文献.............................................................................................................................28致谢.................................................................................................................................29浅谈电动汽车发展及应用31