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当前位置:首页 > 中学教育 > 初中教育 > 复合宾语详解高三英语课件
高三英语总复习语法系列训练复合宾语详解宝安高级中学高三英语备课组英语的五个基本结构S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语1.S十V句式Herunsquickly.他跑得快。2.S十V十P句式:Thestorysoundsinteresting.这个故事听起来有趣。3.S十V十O句式Theybuiltahouselastyear.他们去年建了一所房子。4.S十V十O1十O2句式Heofferedmehisseat/hisseattome.他把座位让给我。5.S十V十O十C句式Theyfoundherhappythatday.他们发现那天她很高兴。Ifoundhimout.我发现他出去了。TheynamedtheboyCharlie.他们给这个男孩起名为查理。Isawhimcomeinandgoout.我见他进来又出去。Theyfeltthecarmovingfast.他们感到汽车行驶得很快。Hefoundthedoorofstudyclosedtohim.他发现研究所的大门对他关闭了。一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有:1、名词:Wemadehimourmonitor.Theythoughtthisgoodadvice.TheynamedtheirdaughterJenny.注①:常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有:call,name,elect,make,think,appoint,choose,find,consider,keep,wish,feel等。注②:充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时,前面一般不用冠词,如:TheyelectedJohnchairmanofthecommittee.2、形容词:Youshouldkeepyourroomcleanandtidy.We’dbetterleavethedooropen.注:常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有:believe,think,get,keep,make,find,set,like,wish,see,consider,prove,have,leave,以及paint,drive,turn,cut等。3、现在分词:I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.Icouldfeelthecoldwindblowingonmyface.Atthismomentshenoticedtheteachercomingin.一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有:5、过去分词:HewatchedtheTVsetcarriedoutoftheroom.Lastyeartheyhadtheirhouserebuilt.WhenyouspeakEnglish,besuretomakeyourselfunderstood.6.此外,副词和介词短语也可以充当宾语补足语,如:Whendoyouwantitback?Whydidn’tyouinvitethemin?Wecouldhearthechildrenatplayoutside.4、动词不定式:Nobodycouldmakehimchangehismind.Wouldyoulikemetocomealongwithyou?Hebelievedtheearthtobeaglobe.一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有:二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系:1、当名词、形容词、副词和介词短语充当宾语补足语时,它们和宾语之间有着逻辑上的主谓关系(或称表语关系),若无宾语补足语,则句意不完整。宾语补足语说明宾语的情况、性质、特征、状态、身份或属类等。试比较:Wemadehimourmonitor.(Heisourmonitor.)Youshouldkeepyourroomcleanandtidy.(Yourroomiscleanandtidy.)Wecouldhearthechildrenatplayoutside.(Thechildrenareatplayoutside.)二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系:2、当现在分词和动词不定式充当宾语补足语时,它们和宾语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系,宾语补足语一般为宾语所做的动作,(若无宾语补足语,则句意不完整),如:Hesawanoldmangettingonthebus.(Anoldmanwasgettingonthebus.)Didyouseeayoungmanenterthehouse?(Ayoungmanenteredthehouse.)二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系:3、当过去分词充当宾语补足语时,它与宾语之间有着动宾关系,即:宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者,如:IonceheardthissongsunginJapanese.(ThissongwasoncesunginJapanese.)Ididn’twantthechildrentakenoutinsuchweather.(Thechildrenweretakenoutinsuchweather.)三、在用现在分词或不定式作宾语补足语的动词中,有些只能用现在分词作宾语补足语;有些只能用不定式作宾语补足语;还有的动词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语:1、只能用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有:catch,keep,mind,prevent,stop,smell,excuse等。例如:Shecaughthersonsmokingacigarette.Hiswordsstartedmethinking.2、只能用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:wish,desire,expect,love,prefer,trust,encourage,let,allow,permit,mean,lead,bring,put,hurry,cause,remind,ask,invite,beg,request,worry,advise,persuade,callon,tell,order,command,require,make,force,drive,forbid,warn,help,teach,show,assist,report,bear,waitfor//think,take,know,judge,consider,suppose,believe,allow,prove,declare等。3、既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:see,watch,notice,lookat,observe,listento,hear,feel,have,imagine,discover,like,want,understand,hate,get,set,leave等。四、使用不定式作宾语补足语时,不定式符号to的取舍问题:1、在hear,listento,let,have,make,see,watch,notice,observe等动词后的不定式需省去to。2、feel一词,跟tobe型不定式带to;跟todo型不定式不带to。3、help一词后的不定式,可带to,也可以不带to。(请参见“动词不定式”一节)五、在复合宾语中,宾语通常为名词或代词,但有时也可以用不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或that从句来充当。这时,应使用先行it代替宾语,而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部,如:Ifeltitnecessarytospeakaboutourshortcomings.Doyouconsideritanygoodtryingagain?Weallthoughtitapitythatyoucouldn’tjoinus.注意:在这种结构中,宾语补足语通常为名词或形容词;常用于这种结构的动词有:feel,find,think,make,take,judge,consider等。翻译练习:1、我们叫她Alice。2、他的父母给他取名为John。3、我们大家都认为他是诚实的。4、他们把门推开了。5、他们把小偷释放了。6、我们要使学校变得更美丽。7、他请我们参加做游戏。WecallherAlice.HisparentsnamedhimJohn.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.Theypushedthedooropen.Theyhavesetthethieffree.Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.Heaskedustojoininthegame.翻译练习:8、我要你把真相告诉我。9、卫兵命令我们立即离开。10、明天我要找人来修理机器。11、每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。12、痛苦使得他叫喊起来。13、我们不会让她在晚上外出的。14、他每个月理一次发。Iwantyoutotellmethetruth.Theguardsorderedustoleaveatonce.TomorrowI’llhavesomeonerepairthemachine.EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishaloud.Thepainmadehimcryout.Wewon’tlethergooutatnight.Hehashishaircutonceamonth.翻译练习:15、我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。16、她正在听人家讲故事。17、我从来没看见这个字这样用过。18、他感到很难跟你交谈。19、我想乘船去那里更舒服些。20、我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。21、我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。I’llgetmyrecordermended.Sheislisteningtosomeonetellingstories.Ihaveneverseenthewordusedthatwaybefore.Hefeltitverydifficulttotalkwithyou.Ithinkitmorecomfortabletogotherebyship.Iconsideritpossibletoworkouttheprobleminanotherway.Ithoughtitnousetalkingwiththatman.
本文标题:复合宾语详解高三英语课件
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