2013高考英语阅读理解 主旨大意专题

高中英语阅读理解解题指导与训练英语高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的文章并回答相关问题，题型设置共5篇短文，阅读总量不低于1000词，计40分阅读理解设题类型•细节理解•词义猜测•主旨归纳•推理判断1.先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。2.快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。3.细读原文，捕捉勾划相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。解题时有以下几种方法：4.生僻词汇，不影响做题就忽略，关键生词，即利用上下文猜测其义5.先易后难，排除干扰Howtogetthemainidea?主旨归纳题Characteristicsofthiskindofquestions:主旨大意题主要考查同学们在理解全文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法对文章进行高度概括或总结的能力。多就文章的主要内容、主题或标题进行设问。要求学生在理解全文的基础上能较好的运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结。4.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitle?6.Thebestheadlineforthepassagewouldbe__.7.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?8.What’sthemainpurposethewriteristryingtomake?1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?2.Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?3.Thepassagemainlytalksabout_____.Questionforms:1Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?（1minute）Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Practice：2Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessi--onalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.（1minute）So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance3Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only＄79.Twodayssale.Hu--rry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy.Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel.Amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”Itcosts＄395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“bait(引诱)andswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.Buyingthingsonsaleneedscarefulconsiderationofthegoodsandthereasonforthesale.(2minutes)Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_________.A.BuyingATVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSaleThissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.(detail)(detail)(detail)诱售法4TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.（2minutes）Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfouryears,movedtoanotheruniversity.B.TombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfromHarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.C.TomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedatBerlinuniversity.D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.detaildetaildetailTypesOfParagraphStructurestypeThepositionofthetopicInformationwordsAtthebeginningAttheendInthemiddleNocleartopicsentenceforexample……so,therefore,……Howtogetthemainideaofapassage?5①Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.（4minutes）Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Magellan’sdeathB.GoingAroundTheWorldC.TheWorldIsRoundD.Magellan’sVoyage①Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.1.time2.shipsandpeople3.route4.Sufferingsanddifficultiesa.Lackoffoodandfreshwaterb.Hungeranddiseasesc.DeathsTheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyage5.success③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Magellan’svoyageprovedtheearthisround.①Magellan’smenwerethefirstto