八模块一单元m8u1-grammar图文-公开课

M8U1GrammarIamnotastudentbutateacher.IseldomhaveagoodrestafterIhaveababy.Iwouldratherhaveasleepthangoshoppingwhenhavingfreetimeattheweekend.Doyoufindthesamefeatureinthesesentences?Doyoufindthesamefeatureinthesesentences?Theyarenegativestatements.Howmanynegativewordsdoyouknow?Pleasespellasmanywordsasyoucan.no，not，never，hardly，scarcely，seldom...一：否定的表达方式1、运用直观否定词:no,not,never,none,neither,without等Piphasnoparentssohehadtolivewitholdersisterbutshenevertreatshimwell.Pipwouldn’thavesurvivedwithoutJoe.由Don’t或Never+动词原形构成。Donotcutdownthetreethatgivesyoushade.切勿忘恩负义Neverjudgepeoplebytheirappearance.不可以貌取人。★否定祈使句Neverjudgeabookbyitscover.常用来表示反问、惊讶、建议、赞叹等语气。Don’tyouknowthesetrafficrules?难道你不知道这些交通规则吗？Aren’tyousupposedtobeworking?你不是应该正在干活吗？★否定疑问句：2、运用隐性否定词：few/littleunlessseldomhardly/scarcelylastbeyondunless有否定前缀的词。如dis--,il--,im--......Maryseldomgetsachancetoread.玛丽很少有机会看书。Whythecriminalgivespipagreatfortuneisbeyondme.Atfirst,PipisthelastmanEwantstomarrysoshedoesn’ttreathiminacivilway.PipcanhardlystophisloveforEbutitisimpossibleforEtomarryapoorboylikePip.他是我最不想见的人（last).HeisthelastmanthatIwanttosee.他迫不及待地要出国（hardly)。Hecanhardlywaittogoabroad.要他平静下来是不可能的（impossible)。Itisimpossibletomakehimcalmdown.3、运用特殊结构表否定：wouldrather…than…=prefertodo…ratherthando…;too…to;prevent/keep/stop…from…;farfrom(一点也不,远非);freefrom(摆脱，不受……影响);anythingbut(根本不);can’t…too/enoughHislifebeforeisfarfromsatisfactionandheiseagertohaveanewlife.HewouldrathermovetoLondonthanlivewithhispoorsister.Thefortunegivenfromthecriminalmakeshimhaveachancetoreceivegoodeducation.★双重否定同一个句子当中有两个否定词，表示的意思是肯定的，但比肯定句的语气要重。Don’ttrytooperatethismachineunlessyouknowtherulesforsafety.如果不懂安全规则，千万别动这台机器。It’snevertoolatetolearn.活到老，学到老。Thereisnosuccesswithouthardships.没有经历暴雨，哪有彩虹。Youcan’tmakesomethingoutofnothing.巧夫难为无米之炊.★部分否定否定词与表示整体意义的词，如：all,both,everything,everybody,everywhere,always,completely,often,entirely,necessarily等连用时,不管位置如何，表部分否定“并非都…”Allisnotgoldthatglitters．＝Notallisgoldthatglitters.Bothofthemarenotuseful.＝Notbothofthemareuseful．Suchathingisnotfoundeverywhere．Hisattentionwasnotentirelypaidtohisresearch.Afterenteringtheupperclass,hefindsthatthericharenotalwayshappy.★全部否定由“否定主语（否定代词或no+名词）+肯定谓语”构成。Nothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.世上无难事，只怕有心人。NoneofuscanspeakFrench.我们都不会讲法语。Nomanisbornwise.人非生而知之。★几乎否定表示整个句子的意思接近于否定。常用的有little(few),hardly,rarely,seldom等Weseldom/hardlyhearsuchfinesinging.Littleremainstobesaid.简直没什么可说的了.否定转移当think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine等动词引导否定意义的宾语从句时，通常把从句中的not提前，把主句变成否定句，从句用肯定形式。Wedon’tbelievethatthenewsistrue.我们相信这个消息不是真的。Idon’tthinkthatheishonest.我认为他不诚实。（1）把这些发生否定转移的句子变为反意疑问句时，注意形式一致。Idon’tthinkthatheishonest,ishe?（2）not常用在Ithink,Ibelieve,Iexpect,Isuppose,Iguess,I’mafraid之后，构成省略句。---Doyouthinkitwillbeafinedaytomorrow?---I’mafraidnot.---DoyoubelievethatRocketwillwinthegame?---Ibelievenot.(=Idon’tbelieveso.)★否定句的倒装表否定意义的词或短语放在句首，要用部分倒装如：not,never,seldom,hardly,innoway/bynomeans,atnotime,等。Bynomeanswillchinafirstusenuclearweapons.Notoftendotheymeet.注意：常用“neither/nor+助动词/情态动词+主语”来表达“某人也不…”Jimdidn’tknowhersecret,neither/nordidJack.吉姆不知道她的秘密，杰克也不知道。Ifyoudon’taccepthisinvitation,neithershallI.如果你不接受他的邀请，我也不接受。★形式肯定，意义否定1too…to结构2用morethan帮助构成否定“不仅仅、超出”3用thelast/least“最不…”构成否定句4anythingbut“绝对不，一点也不”Heistooyoungtocarrysoheavyacase.ThisismorethanIcando.Thebeautyoftheparkismorethanwordscandescribe.HeisthelastmanIwanttosee.Thatlittleboatisanythingbutsafe.★形式否定，意义肯定1too修饰ready,glad,anxious,eager等词时相当于“very”2cannot/never……too…再…也不为过;越….越好3nothingbut相当于“only”4hardly…when”.nosooner…than表示“刚……就”Heistooreadytohelpothers.Youcannotbetoocarefultodoyourhomework.Thereisnothingbutsandsleftaftertheforestwasdestroyed.HardlyhadIgottothestationwhenitbegantorain.---Mr.Liisagoodteacher.---Ican’tagreemore.1.IcanhadrlystudylonghourswhenIhaveacold.2.Hisfathercannottastethefoodunlessitisveryhot.3.Thewomanisnowfreefromthedisease.4.Notmanypeoplethoughtthatthemusicwastooloud.\Manypeoplethoughtthatthemusicwasnottooloud.\manypeopledidn’tthinkthatthemusicwastooloud.5.Theboynevergoestobedearly.6.Shewantedtodrinkcoffee,notlemonade.7.Iseldomsurftheinternetatnight.8.Toddsaidhemightnotjoinusfordinner.9.Fewpeoplewitnessedtheincident.10.Lucydoesnotwanttogotoseethefilmthisweekend.1.Heisbentonquittinghissteadyjob.2.Maryisdesperatetopayoffallherdebtsandhastoworkdayandnight.3.Theyareplanningtostartanationwidecampaigntorescueabusedchildren.4.IfyouwanttohaveaplaceintheITworld,youwillhavetodoubleyourefforts.5.Thismedicinecanhavesideeffects,soyoushouldonlytakeonepillatatime.6.Theywereveryhappythattheireffortshadnotbeeninvain.7.Asamother,shewouldratherstarvethanseeanyanycometoherchild.8.Doyouseethenewbuildingoverthere?Weintendedtouseitasournewlaboratory.1--Whathesaidsoundsreasonable.--Ofcourse,_____.A.Ican’tagreewithhimmostB.Ican’tagreewithhimmoreC.Ican’tagreewithhimlessD.Ican’tagreewithhimleast2Bobran100metersin9.91seconds,andIhavenotseen____thisyear.A.thebestB.betterC.themostD.more3—ShallIgiveyouarideasyoulivesofaraway?—Thankyou._____A.Itcouldn’tbebetterB.OfcourseyoucanC.Ifyou