汽车理论课后作业 答案 MATLAB

1汽车理论作业MATLAB过程0102030405060708090100050001000015000汽车驱动力与阻力平衡图ua/km.h-1F/NFt1Ft2Ft3Ft4Ff+Fw010203040506070809010002468101214加速度倒数-速度曲线图u1/a1/a11/a21/a31/a4201020304050607080901000102030405060Pe1Pe2Pe3Pe4u/(km/h)P/kW汽车功率平衡图10203040506070809010012141618202224最高档等速百公里油耗曲线Ua/(km/h)Qs/L323242526272829121314151617185.175.435.836.176.33燃油积极性-加速时间曲线燃油经济性(qs/L)动力性--原地起步加速时间(st/s)源程序：《第一章》m=3880;g=9.8;r=0.367;x=0.85;f=0.013;io=5.83;CdA=2.77;If=0.218;Iw1=1.798;Iw2=3.598;Iw=Iw1+Iw2;ig=[6.093.091.711.00];%变速器传动比L=3.2;a=1.947;hg=0.9;n=600:1:4000;4T=-19.313+295.27*n/1000-165.44*(n/1000).^2+40.874*(n/1000).^3-3.8445*(n/1000).^4;Ft1=T*ig(1)*io*x/r;%计算各档对应转速下的驱动力Ft2=T*ig(2)*io*x/r;Ft3=T*ig(3)*io*x/r;Ft4=T*ig(4)*io*x/r;u1=0.377*r*n/(io*ig(1));u2=0.377*r*n/(io*ig(2));u3=0.377*r*n/(io*ig(3));u4=0.377*r*n/(io*ig(4));u=0:130/3400:130;F1=m*g*f+CdA*u1.^2/21.15;%计算各档对应转速下的驱动阻力F2=m*g*f+CdA*u2.^2/21.15;F3=m*g*f+CdA*u3.^2/21.15;F4=m*g*f+CdA*u4.^2/21.15;figure(1);plot(u1,Ft1,'-r',u2,Ft2,'-m',u3,Ft3,'-k',u4,Ft4,'-b',u1,F1,'-r',u2,F2,'-m',u3,F3,'-k',u4,F4,'-b','LineWidth',2)title('汽车驱动力与阻力平衡图');xlabel('u_{a}/km.h^{-1}')ylabel('F/N')gtext('F_{t1}')gtext('F_{t2}')gtext('F_{t3}')gtext('F_{t4}')gtext('F_{f}+F_{w}')%由汽车驱动力与阻力平衡图知，他们无交点，u4在最大转速时达到最大umax=u4(3401)Ft1max=max(Ft1);imax=(Ft1max-m*g*f)/(m*g)disp('假设是后轮驱动');C=imax/(a/L+hg*imax/L)%附着率delta1=1+(Iw1+Iw2)/(m*r^2)+If*ig(1)*r^2*io^2*x/(m*r^2);delta2=1+(Iw1+Iw2)/(m*r^2)+If*ig(2)*r^2*io^2*x/(m*r^2);delta3=1+(Iw1+Iw2)/(m*r^2)+If*ig(3)*r^2*io^2*x/(m*r^2);delta4=1+(Iw1+Iw2)/(m*r^2)+If*ig(4)*r^2*io^2*x/(m*r^2);a1=(Ft1-F1)/(delta1*m);%加速度a2=(Ft2-F2)/(delta2*m);a3=(Ft3-F3)/(delta3*m);a4=(Ft4-F4)/(delta4*m);h1=1./a1;%加速度倒数h2=1./a2;h3=1./a3;h4=1./a4;figure(2);5plot(u1,h1,u2,h2,u3,h3,u4,h4,'LineWidth',2);title('加速度倒数-速度曲线图');xlabel('u')ylabel('1/a')gtext('1/a1')gtext('1/a2')gtext('1/a3')gtext('1/a4')%由加速度倒数-速度曲线图可知u1min=min(u1);u1max=max(u1);u2min=u1max;u2min=min(u2);u2max=max(u2);u3min=u2max;u3max=max(u3);u4min=u3max;u4max=70;x1=[];x2=[];x3=[];x4=[];y=3401;fori=1:3401;ifu3(i)=u3min;x1=[i];endendq1=max(x1);ua3=u3(q1:y);a3=h3(q1:y);fori=1:3401;ifu4(i)=u4min;x2=[i];elseifu4(i)=u4max;x3=[i];endendq2=max(x2);q3=max(x3);ua4=u4(q2:q3);a4=h4(q2:q3);s1=trapz(h2,u2);%二挡运行时间s2=trapz(ua3,a3);6s3=trapz(ua4,a4);s=[s1s2s3];disp('积分得')t=sum(s)*1000/3600%总时间《第二章》Pe1=Ft1.*u1./3600;%计算各档对应转速下的功率Pe2=Ft2.*u2./3600;Pe3=Ft3.*u3./3600;Pe4=Ft4.*u4./3600;P1=F1.*u1./(3600*x);%计算各档对应的各个车速下的行驶功率P2=F2.*u2./(3600*x);P3=F3.*u3./(3600*x);P4=F4.*u4./(3600*x);figure(3);plot(u1,Pe1,'-r',u2,Pe2,'-m',u3,Pe3,'-k',u4,Pe4,'-b',u1,P1,'k',u2,P2,'k',u3,P3,'k',u4,P4,'k','linewidth',2);gtext('Pe1')gtext('Pe2')gtext('Pe3')gtext('Pe4')xlabel('u/(km/h)');ylabel('P/kW');title('汽车功率平衡图');n=[8151207161420122603300634033804];Ua=[];Ua=0.377*r*n./(io*ig(4))ft=[];ft=m*g*f+(2.77/21.15)*Ua.^2;%计算各转速对应的各个车速下的行驶阻力Pe(1)=ft(1).*Ua(1)./(3600*x);%计算各转速对应的各个车速下的行驶阻力功率Pe(2)=ft(2).*Ua(2)./(3600*x);Pe(3)=ft(3).*Ua(3)./(3600*x);Pe(4)=ft(4).*Ua(4)./(3600*x);Pe(5)=ft(5).*Ua(5)./(3600*x);Pe(6)=ft(6).*Ua(6)./(3600*x);Pe(7)=ft(7).*Ua(7)./(3600*x);Pe(8)=ft(8).*Ua(8)./(3600*x)B0=[1326.81354.71284.41122.91141.01051.21233.91129.7];B1=[-416.46-303.98-189.75-121.59-98.893-73.714-84.478-45.291];B2=[72.73936.65714.5257.00354.47632.85932.97880.7113];B3=[-5.8629-2.0533-0.51184-0.18517-0.091077-0.05138-0.047449-0.00075215];B4=[0.177680.0430720.00681640.00185550.000689060.000350320.00028230-0.000038568];7b1=(B0(1))+(B1(1)*Pe(1))+(B2(1)*Pe(1)^2)+(B3(1)*Pe(1)^3)+(B4(1)*Pe(1)^4);b2=(B0(2))+(B1(2)*Pe(2))+(B2(2)*Pe(2)^2)+(B3(2)*Pe(2)^3)+(B4(2)*Pe(2)^4);b3=(B0(3))+(B1(3)*Pe(3))+(B2(3)*Pe(3)^2)+(B3(3)*Pe(3)^3)+(B4(3)*Pe(3)^4);b4=(B0(4))+(B1(4)*Pe(4))+(B2(4)*Pe(4)^2)+(B3(4)*Pe(4)^3)+(B4(4)*Pe(4)^4);b5=(B0(5))+(B1(5)*Pe(5))+(B2(5)*Pe(5)^2)+(B3(5)*Pe(5)^3)+(B4(5)*Pe(5)^4);b6=(B0(6))+(B1(6)*Pe(6))+(B2(6)*Pe(6)^2)+(B3(6)*Pe(6)^3)+(B4(6)*Pe(6)^4);b7=(B0(7))+(B1(7)*Pe(7))+(B2(7)*Pe(7)^2)+(B3(7)*Pe(7)^3)+(B4(7)*Pe(7)^4);b8=(B0(8))+(B1(8)*Pe(8))+(B2(8)*Pe(8)^2)+(B3(8)*Pe(8)^3)+(B4(8)*Pe(8)^4);p=0.7;Qs=[];Qs(1)=(Pe(1)*b1)/(1.02*Ua(1).*p*g);Qs(2)=(Pe(2)*b2)/(1.02*Ua(2).*p*g);Qs(3)=(Pe(3)*b3)/(1.02*Ua(3).*p*g);Qs(4)=(Pe(4)*b4)/(1.02*Ua(4).*p*g);Qs(5)=(Pe(5)*b5)/(1.02*Ua(5).*p*g);Qs(6)=(Pe(6)*b6)/(1.02*Ua(6).*p*g);Qs(7)=(Pe(7)*b7)/(1.02*Ua(7).*p*g);Qs(8)=(Pe(8)*b8)/(1.02*Ua(8).*p*g);M=polyfit(Ua,Qs,2);UA=0.377*r*600/(ig(4)*io):1:0.377*r*4000/(ig(4)*io);%UA表示车速QS=polyval(M,UA);%QS表示油耗figure(4);plot(UA,QS,'linewidth',2);title('最高档等速百公里油耗曲线');xlabel('Ua/(km/h)');ylabel('Qs/L');《第三章》io=[5.175.435.836.176.33];Va=0.377*r*n(7)./(io.*ig(4));Ps=46.9366;disp('假设以最高档，较高转速（n取3401），最经济负荷（即90%负荷大约46.9366Kw）行驶时油耗')qs=[];qs(1)=(Ps*b7)/(1.02*Va(1).*p*g);qs(2)=(Ps*b7)/(1.02*Va(2).*p*g);qs(3)=(Ps*b7)/(1.02*Va(3).*p*g);qs(4)=(Ps*b7)/(1.02*Va(4).*p*g);qs(5)=(Ps*b7)/(1.02*Va(5).*p*g);st=[17.581316.212114.512613.377512.9185];%加速时间：（这里以最高档〈四档〉、速度由0加速到94.93Km/h的时间）因与题1.3第三问求法相同，这里不在累述，可直接有计算机求得：figure(5);plot(qs,st,'+','linewidth',2)8holdonplot(qs,st,);gtext('5.17')gtext('5.43')gtext('5.83')gtext('6.17')gtext('6.33')title('燃