VCS-培训教材(中文)

HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCo.,Ltd.•VCS预备知识•VCS的基本概念和术语•VCS的管理集群服务•VCS常见问题的解决•总结HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCo.,Ltd.预备知识HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HUAWEIConfidentialPage4MetropolitanHADisasterRecovery(overSAN,MANorLAN)WideAreaDisasterRecoveryVCS的几个常用场景LANLocalClusteringMANWANClusterServerClusterServer,VolumeManagerClusterServer,VolumeManager,VolumeReplicator,GlobalClusterManagerHUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HUAWEIConfidentialPage5FileSystemNetworkCardDatabaseIPAddressAPPLICATIONPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskVolumesFileSystemNetworkCardDatabaseIPAddressPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskVolumesPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskFileSystemNetworkCardDatabaseIPAddressVolumesFileSystemNetworkCardDatabaseIPAddressPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskVolumesFileSystemNetworkCardIPAddressPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskVolumesFileSystemNetworkCardIPAddressPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskVolumesClustering:ApplicationandDatabaseFailover数据库和应用的失效转移IPAddressNetworkCardPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskVolumesNetworkCardPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskAPPLICATIONDatabaseIPAddressFileSystemVolumesNetworkCardPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskPhysicalDiskHUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HUAWEIConfidentialPage6AClusterViewofApplications•A“servicegroup”isacollectionofresourcesthatmonitorthestatusofanapplication（服务组是各种监控应用状态的资源的集合）•Applicationfailoveriscontrolledbytheservicegroup（应用的失效转移是由服务组来控制的）HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HUAWEIConfidentialPage7Active/PassiveClustering（主备方式）“asymmetricconfiguration”（非对称配置）Primaryserverhostsapplication（主机提供服务,PrimaryserverFAILSSecondaryserverhostsprimaryapplication备机处于等待状态，一旦主机发生故障，接管服务）HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HUAWEIConfidentialPage8Active/ActiveClustering（互备方式）“symmetricconfiguration”（对称配置）PrimaryserverhostsprimaryapplicationPrimaryserverFAILSSecondaryserverhostsbothprimaryandsecondaryapplicationsSecondaryserverhostssecondaryapplication两个节点提供不同的服务，互相备用，当一个节点故障，服务马上有第二个节点接管服务HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCo.,Ltd.的基本概念和术语HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HUAWEIConfidentialPage10集群LocalAreaNetworkSCSIJBODS•Severalnetworkedsystems几个节点•Sharedstorage共享存储•Singleadministrativeentity单个管理节点•Peermonitoring相互监控FibreSwitchesHUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HUAWEIConfidentialPage11systems系统•Membersofacluster集群的一个成员•Referredtoasnodes也称之为节点•Containcopiesof:包括如下内容›Communicationprotocolconfigurationfiles通信协议的配置文件›VCSconfigurationfilesVCS的配置文件›VCSlibrariesanddirectoriesVCS的安装目录›VCSscriptsanddaemonsVCS的脚本和后台程序•Shareasingledynamicclusterconfiguration共享一个动态的集群配置•Provideapplicationservices提供应用的服务HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HUAWEIConfidentialPage12ServiceGroups服务组•Aservicegroupisarelatedcollectionofresources.服务组是资源的一个集合•Resourcesinaservicegroupmustbeavailabletothesystem.服务组中的资源在系统中必须是可用的•Resourcesandservicegroupshaveinterdependencies.服务组和资源存在相互依赖关系NFSServiceGroupNFSIPDiskMountShareNICHUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HUAWEIConfidentialPage13ServiceGroupTypes服务组的类型•Failover失效转移›Canbepartiallyorfullyonlineononlyoneserveratatime同一时间只能在一台机器上运行›VCScontrolsstoppingandrestartingtheservicegroupwhencomponentsfail当服务组某个资源出错时，VCS控制它的停止和重启•Parallel并行›Canbepartiallyorfullyonlineonmultipleserverssimultaneously可以同时在多台机器上运行›Examples:–OracleParallelServer–Web,FTPserversHUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HUAWEIConfidentialPage14Resources资源•VCSobjectsthatcorrespondtohardwareorsoftwarecomponents包括软件和硬件组件•MonitoredandcontrolledbyVCS通过VCS来监控和控制•Classifiedbytype通过资源类型分类•Identifiedbyuniquenamesandattributes通过唯一的名称和属性来标识•Candependonotherresourceswithinthesameservicegroup在同一服务组中可依赖其他资源HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HUAWEIConfidentialPage15ResourceTypes资源类型•Generaldescriptionoftheattributesofaresource通常描述一种资源的属性•ExampleMountresourcetypeattributes:例如mount资源类型的属性›MountPoint挂载点›BlockDevice挂载设备•Otherexampleresourcetypes:其他类型的资源›Disk磁盘›Share共享›IP浮动IP›NIC网卡HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HUAWEIConfidentialPage16Agents代理•Processesthatcontrolresources控制资源的程序•Oneagentperresourcetype每种类型的资源对应一个代理•Agentcontrolsallresourcesofthattype.一个代理控制对应类型的所有资源•AgentscanbeaddedintoVCSagentframework.用户可以加入自己的代理到VCS的框架中Diskc1t0d1s0c1t0d0s0IP10.1.2.4NICqfe1hme0Mount/dataAgentsResourcesHUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HUAWEIConfidentialPage17Dependencies依赖关系•Resourcescandependonotherresources.资源可以依赖其他资源•Parentresourcesdependonchildresources.父资源依赖子资源•Servicegroupscandependonotherservicegroups.服务组可以依赖其他服务组•Resourcetypescandependonotherresourcetypes.资源类型之间也存在依赖，比如IP类型必须依赖NIC类型•Rulesgovernservicegroupandresourcedependencies.资源和服务组之间的依赖关系由规则管理•Nocyclicdependenciesareallowed.不允许出现循环依赖MountDisk(Parent)(Child)HUAWEITECHNOLOGIESCO.,LTD.HUAWEIConfidentialPage18PrivateNetwork私有网络•Minimumtwocommunicationchannelswithseparateinfrastructure:至少需要两条独立的通信链路›MultipleNICs(notjustports)多块网卡›Separatehubs,ifused独立的hub•Heartbeatcommunicationdetermineswhichsystemsaremembersofthecluster.心跳之间的通信决定哪些系统是集群的成员•Clusterconfigurationbroadcastupdatesclustersystemswi