定语从句

一、什么是定语？一只可爱的猫acutecat一个帅哥ahandsomeman二、什么是定语从句？我的宠物是那只看着你并渴望被你抱着的可爱的猫。Mypetisthecutecatwhichlooksatyouandwantstobehuggedbyyou.我喜欢那个正在读书的帅哥。Ilikethehandsomemanwhoisreading.Mypetisthecutecatwhichlooksatyouandwantstobehuggedbyyou.cat先行词which关系代词whichlooksatyouandwantstobehuggedbyyou定语从句句子分解1.Mypetisthecutecat.2.Thecutecatlooksatyouandwantstobehuggedbyyou.三、先行词四、关系词关系代词关系副词that（先行词代表物或人）when（先行词为时间）which（先行词代表物）where（先行词为地点）who/whom（先行词代表人）why（先行词为原因）whose（跟名词连用表示谁的）五、关系代词和关系副词的区别关系代词在从句中要充当主语或宾语，即从句不是完整的句子。关系副词在从句中不充当成分，作状语，即从句一般是完整的句子。何为句子成分？五大基本句型1.主语+谓语2.主语+谓语+宾语3.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语5.主语+系动词+表语成分：主语、宾语六、关系代词which/that/who/whomWho/whom(who的宾格)指代的先行词表示人例：“Housingslaves”referstopeoplewhousemostoftheirsalarytorepaybankloansbecauseofhighhousingprices.“房奴”指的是那些因高昂的房价而把绝大多数薪水用来偿还银行购房贷款的人。which指代的先行词表示物例：Afriendisapresentwhichyougiveyourself.朋友是你送给自己的一份礼物。that指代的先行词表示人或物例：Ionlyreadsomechaptersthatinterestedmemost.我只读了我最感兴趣的那几章。例：Hehasawifethat/whoisverypretty.他有个非常漂亮的老婆七、关系代词whose上面讨论的关系代词一般都是单独使用，它们后面不接名词。但whose则不同，它后面必须接一个名词，而不能单独使用。Whose既可以指人，也可以指物。例：Thewomanwhosehairisbrownismyteacher.棕色头发的那位女士是我的老师。例：Iwanttobuyadresswhosecolorisgreen.我想买一条绿色的裙子。ThegirlisJohn’sgirlfriend.LisaworkswithJohn’sgirlfriend.Thegirl___________LisaworksisJohn’sgirlfriend.John的女朋友和Lisa在一起工作。whowithmThegirlwhomLisaworkswithisJohn’sgirlfriend.八、关系副词when关系副词when的用法特点：1.When在定语从句中做时间状语（定语从句中不缺少主语或宾语）。2.其前面的先行词必须是表示时间的名词，如day，year，time等。例：AprilFool’sdayisaspecialdayoftheyearwhenyoucanplayajokeonsomeone.愚人节就是一年一度的一个特殊的日子，在这一天人们可以捉弄别人。1.Iwillneverforgetthetime______Ispentoncampus.2.Iwillneverforgettheday______wefirstmetinthepark.whichwhen九、关系副词whereWhere在定语从句中作地点状语（定语从句中不缺少主语或宾语）先行词通常是表示地点的名词例：IhadtogooutandlookforabankwhereIcouldopenanaccount.Wewanttolookforaplacewheretherearenocarsparkedonthestreet.1.Thisisthetown_______Ispentmychildhood.2.Thisisthetown_______Itoldyouaboutbefore.wherewhichYouknowthatdream_______you’rewalkingdownthestreetnakedandeveryoneislookingatyou?你知道这种梦吗？在梦里，你光着身子走在大街上，所有人都盯着你看。whereWhere引导定语从句，其先行词可以不是表示地点的名词，我们可以把这种不是地点的名词解释成一种“含有地点意义的名词”，这些名词往往是一些抽象名词，比如dream,case,situation,point等等。十、关系副词why关系副词why的用法比较简单，其特点是：1.Why在从句中作原因状语，修饰从句的谓语动词2.先行词必须是表示原因的名词，如reason,cause等ThisisthereasonwhyIdidn’tcomehere.这就是我没来的原因。Iwasluckyenoughtohaveakindandpatientteacher___oftenpraisedallofthestudents.1.Inourfirstclass,wemetawoman.Shewashighlysuccessfulinherbusiness.Inourfirstclass,wemetawoman___washighlysuccessfulinherbusiness.2.Iwasluckyenoughtohaveakindandpatientteacher.Heoftenpraisedallofthestudents.HerangJames,_____wasagoodfriendaswellasthefamilydoctor.Theman_____retiredat54wentbacktoworkforthecompanyonaparttimebasis.Thesestudents____attendedthecoursepassedtheexamwithaB.3.Themanretiredat54.Hewentbacktoworkforthecompanyonaparttimebasis.4.Thesestudentsattendedthecourse.TheypassedtheexamwithaB.5.HerangJames.Jameswasagoodfriendaswellasthefamilydoctor.1.Wewanttolookforaplace.Therearenocarsparkedonthestreetsinthatplace.2.Thehousewasonceavillagepostoffice.Helivesinthehouse.3.In2005wemovedtoBoston.Mygrandparentslivedthere.Wewanttolookforaplacewheretherearenocarsparkedonthestreets.Thehousewhereheliveswasonceavillagepostoffice.In2005wemovedtoBoston,wheremygrandparentslived.4.Sheaskedmetoputmybooksinheroffice.Icouldfindthemquicklyandeasilythere.5.Theyshowedustheplace.Theyoncelivedandworkedinthatplace.SheaskedmetoputmybooksinherofficewhereIcouldfindthemquicklyandeasily.Theyshowedustheplacewheretheyoncelivedandworked.