B4U2-Ving-动名词作主语-宾语知识讲解

—usedasSubjectandObjectUnit2GrammarHaveyoueverseenthesesigns?ParkingSpittingLitteringSmokingVingformsVing的形式你知道吗？那么简单，谁不知道。是由动词末尾加-ing形式构成V+-ing完成下面的句子并判断V-ing在句子中充当什么成分。______________ismyfavouritesport.Playingfootball主语Mysisterenjoy_________aloneontheseashore.standing宾语Thecartoonis_________.amusing表语Americaisadevelopedcountry,whileChinaisa___________country.developing定语WeheardTommy_______inhisroom.singing宾语补足语Shesatatthedesk_______anewspaper.reading状语1.V-ing形式是在动词末尾加-ing，属于非谓语动词。否定形式：not+v-ing2.V-ing形式在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语等。Ving可具有时态意义1有一般式（doing）表示Ving的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生，或表示一般性动作，没有时间概念.Iamthinkingofgoingtotheparkthisafternoon．我想下午去看工业展览。（在其后)Sheisproudofbeingbeautiful．她为自己的美丽而骄傲。（同时）2完成式（havingdone)我为没能遵守诺言表示歉意。（之前发生）Iapologizefornothavingkeptmypromise．表示Ving的动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生。他因对国家做了这样大的贡献而受到表扬。Hewaspraisedforhavingmadesuchacontributiontothecountry．（之前发生）㈡动名词可具有语态意义（beingdone，havingbeendone）其否定形式是：notbeingdone,nothavingbeendone1.Heattendedthepartywithout____.A.invitedB.invitingC.havinginvitedD.beinginvited2.Rebeccawasunhappyfor_____thefirstchancetogoabroad.A.nothavingbeengivenB.nothavinggivenC.notgivingD.havingbeengiven以do为例主动被动一般时态doingbeingdone完成时态havingdonehavingbeendone以study为例主动被动一般时态完成时态(not)studying(not)beingstudied(not)havingstudied(not)havingbeenstudied1．作主语a.含义：表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态比较不定式(todo)作主语：表示某次具体动作或意义。1)WatchingnewsonTVhasbecomearoutineforme.在电视上看新闻已经成了我的一种日常习惯。2)Herealizedthattogoonlikethiswaswrong.他意识到继续这样下去是错的。1．作主语b.形式：动名词作主语时，句子有三种形式：①动名词直接置于句首。1)Learningnewwordsisveryimportanttome．学习新单词对我来说非常重要。2)Talkingiseasierthandoing.说比做容易。•Itisawasteoftimedoing做、、、是浪费时间的•Itisnogood/usedoing•Itisuselessdoingsth.做、、、是没益/用处的•Itishardlyworthdoing做、、、不值得•Itisworth/worthwhiledoing做、、、是值得的②动词-ing形式作主语时常后置,用it作形式主语。常见句式有：③在therebe结构中作主语句型：•Thereisnodoingsth.不允许；无法做……相当于“Itisimpossibletodo…”。1)Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatter.这种事开不得玩笑。2)Therewasnoknowingwhenhewouldleave.无法知道他什么时候离开。1)Thereisnosenseindoing做、、、没有道理2)Thereisnopointdoing干、、、无意义做这件傻事毫无意义。Thereisnopointdoingsuchasillything.3)Thereisnoneedtodosth干、、、没必要(在此句式中todo不可换为doing)没有必要告诉她。Thereisnoneedtotellher.1．作宾语a.只能加Ving作宾语的动词(短语)(口诀版)考虑建议盼原谅:consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse/pardon承认推迟没得想:admit,delay/putoff,fancy避免错过继续练：avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practice否认完成停能赏：deny,finish,stop,enjoy/appreciate不禁介意准逃亡：can’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape不准冒险凭想象:forbid,risk,imagine1．作宾语b.接Ving作宾语的其他短语beusedto(习惯做),feellike(喜欢),bebusy(in)(忙于),betiredof(厌烦),befondof(喜欢),beafraidof(害怕),thinkof/about(考虑),keepon(继续),insiston(坚持),begoodat(擅长),giveup(放弃),can’tstand(无法忍受)spend…(in)doing,devote…todoingsucceedindoing(成功做),havedifficulty/trouble(in)doing(做…有麻烦)1．作宾语c.有些动词后可跟todo和v-ing形式作宾语begin，start，continue，like，love，prefer，mean，forget，remember，hate等。A．like/love/hate，preferdoing…动名词表示泛指的动作like，love，hate，prefertodo…不定式表示具体的一次性动作。B．begin/start，continuedoing/todo…用动名词和不定式，意义无甚区别，尤其是当主语是人的时候。C．forget/remember/regretdoingsth.forget/remember/regrettodosth.动名词表示已经发生的动作；不定式表示将要发生的动作。Iremember__________(post)theletteryesterday．I’llremember___________(post)theletter．Ishallneverforget________(see)thefamouswriter．Don’tforget_________(write)toyourmother．Iregret_________(miss)thereport．Iregret__________(say)Ican’ttakeyouradvice．postingtopostseeingtowritemissingtosay1．作宾语d.need,require,want作“需要”解时,后接动词-ing形式作宾语,主动形式表示被动意义,相当于tobedone。如：Thewindowneeds／requires／wantscleaning.=Thewindowneeds／requires／wantstobecleaned．动名词的复合结构：逻辑主语＋动名词:指在动词-ing形式前面加上逻辑主语来强调动作的执行者，该逻辑主语常为形容词性物主代词或名词所有格句型：my/your/his/her/our/their/Tom’s/Mary’s..＋doingsth.当动名词用作宾语时，其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词/宾格或名词所有格构成。me/him…+doingsth.比较：不能准时参加会议让我很不高兴。Notattendingthemeetingontimemademeunhappy.他没能准时参加会议，让我很不高兴。Hisnotattendingthemeetingontimemademeunhappy.妈妈生病了，这使我很着急。Mymother’sbeingillworriedme.比较：他坚持要住在这个房间里。Heinsistedonlivingintheroom.他坚持玛丽住在这个房间。HeinsistedonMary’slivingintheroom.他坚持我们住在这个房间。Heinsistedonour/(us)livingintheroom.1.InsomepartsofLondon，missingabusmeans_______foranotherhour．A.waitingB．towaitC．waitD．tobewaitingexercise2．Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand_______them．A．correctB．correctingC．correctD．tocorrect3．Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_______someschoolsforpoorchildren．A．setupB．settingupC．havesetupD．havingsetup4.Ittooktheworkmenonlytwohourstofinish_______mycar.A.repairingB.repairC.torepairD.repaired5.Thoughitsoundsabittooexpensive,itisworth______.A.beingboughtB.buyingC.tobuyD.buyingit6.Haveyouforgotten__$1000frommelastmonth?Willyoupleaseremember___ittomorrow?A.borrowing;tobringB.toborrow;bringC.borrowed;bringingD.borrowing;bringing•7.Sheisverybusy____herpapers.Sheisfartoobusy____callers.A.towrite；toreceiveB.writing；toreceiveC.writing；receivingD.towrite；forreceiving8.Oncetheheartstops_____,deathfollowsatonce.A.beatingB.tobeatC.beingbeatenD.tobebeating9.Jacksaidthathewouldn'tmind__forus.A.towaitB.waitC.waitingD.waitedHomework•recitealltheimportantwordsandphraseswhichusev-ingasobjective.