美国弗吉尼亚驾照考试手册2

2.1-TrafficSignalsTrafficsignals,signsandpavementmarkingsareusedfortrafficcontroltoprovideasmooth,orderlyflowoftraffic.Itisimportanttounderstandandobeythem.Itisillegaltoavoidthesetrafficcontrolsbycuttingthroughaparkinglotorfield.交通信号、标识和路面标志用于交通控制以提供平顺、有序的交通流。理解和遵从它们是重要的。穿行停车场或野地回避这些交通控制是非法的。Obeyallsignsandsignalsunlessdirectedbyapoliceofficer.Alwaysfollowtheofficer'sdirection.要遵守所有的标识和信号，除非由警官指挥；永远要听从警官的指挥。Trafficsignalsapplytodrivers,motorcycleriders,bicyclists,mopedridersandpedestrians.交通信号适用于司机、摩托车驾驶人、骑车人、轻骑驾驶人和行人。Redlight:Ataredlight,cometoacompletestopatthestoplineor,ifthereisnostopline,beforeenteringtheintersectionorbeforereachingthecrosswalk.Remainstoppedaslongasthesignalisred,unlessturnsareallowed.红灯：遇到红灯，在进入路口、停车线或过街横道之前要完全停下。要保持停止状态，除非允许红灯时转弯。Rightturnonred:Youmayturnrightwhilethetrafficsignaldisplaysaredlight.Beforeturning,youmustcometoacompletestop.Lookbothwaysandyieldtheright-of-waytopedestriansandothertraffic.Besuretocheckforlessvisiblevehiclessuchasmotorcycles,bicyclesandmopeds.YoumaynotturnrightonredifsignsarepostedattheintersectionthatreadNoTurnonRed,orifaredarrowpointingtotherightisdisplayed.红灯时右转：在有些路口你可以在红灯时右转。转弯前，你必须彻底停下来。观察两侧并为行人和其他车辆的路权让行。要确保查看较不易看到的车辆，如摩托车、自行车和轻骑。如有标识立于路口，显示“红灯时禁止转弯”，或者显示红色向右的箭头时，你则不可以右转。Leftturnonred:Youmayturnleftataredlightifyouareonaone-waystreetandturningleftontoanotherone-waystreetwhilethetrafficsignaldisplaysaredlight.Beforeturning,youmustcometoacompletestop.Lookbothwaysandyieldtheright-of-waytopedestriansandothertraffic.Besuretocheckforlessvisiblevehiclessuchasmotorcycles,bicycles,andmopeds.YoumaynotturnleftonredifsignsarepostedattheintersectionthatreadNoTurnonRed,orifaredarrowpointingtotheleftisdisplayed.红灯时左转：如果你从一个单行线街道左转进入另一个单行线街道，你可以在红灯时左转。转弯前，你必须彻底停下。观察两侧并为行人和其他车辆的路权让行。要确保查看较不易看到的车辆，如摩托车、自行车和轻骑。如果你看到有写有“红灯禁止转”的说明牌，或显示向左的红色箭头，你不能左转。Redarrow:Aredarrowmeansyoumuststopifyouintendtomoveinthedirectionofthearrow.Youmaynotproceedinthedirectionofthearrowaslongastheredarrowisdisplayed,unlesssignsarepostedattheintersectionthatreadRightonRedArrowAfterStoporLeftonRedArrowAfterStop.Virginialawprohibitsrightandleftturnsatredarrowlights.Note:Ifyouaretravelinginanotherstate,makesureyouknowitslawsforrightandleftturnsatredandredarrowlights.红箭头：红箭头指如果你想要移动到箭头的方向时你必须停下来。只要红箭头显示的时候都不能往这个方向行进，除非十字路口的标志上写有“在红箭头时禁止右转”或“在红箭头时禁止左转”。弗吉尼亚法律禁止在红箭头灯时右转和左转。注：如果在其他州旅行，你要确保了解其有关红灯及红箭头时右转和左转的法律。Flashingredlight:Ataflashingredlight,cometoacompletestopandyieldtooncomingvehiclesandpedestrians.Youmaygowhenthewayisclear.Atarailroadcrossing,youmustcometoacompletestopevenifyoudon'tseeatrain.闪烁的红灯：遇到闪烁的红灯时，要完全停下来并为来往车辆和行人让行。线路畅通时你可以前行。在铁路交道口上，即便你看不到列车也必须完全停下。Flashingredarrow:Ataflashingredarrow,cometoacompletestop,yieldtheright-of-waytovehiclescomingfromtheotherdirectionandpedestriansintheintersection,andproceedinthedirectionofthearrowwhenthewayisclear.闪烁的红箭头：红箭头闪烁的时候必须彻底停下，在十字路口让有路权的从其他方向过来的车辆和行人，当道路通畅时可以向箭头方向前行。Yellowlightorarrow:Ayellowlightorarrowarecautionswarningthatthelightisabouttochange.Ifyouhavenotenteredtheintersection,stopor,ifunsafetostop,cautiouslygothroughit.Ifyouarealreadyintheintersection,gothroughitcautiously.Donotspeeduptobeatthelight.黄灯或箭头：黄灯或箭头是一类警示提醒灯即将变化。若你还没有进入路口，就停下来。若你已经在路口内了，则通过。不要加速赶灯。Flashingyellowlight:Aflashingyellowlightmeansslowdownandproceedwithcaution.Flashingyellowlightsareatlocationswithhigher-than-normalhazardousconditions.闪烁的黄灯：闪烁的黄灯表示要减速并小心前行。闪烁的黄灯位于危险条件高于正常程度的地点。Flashingyellowarrow:Ataflashingyellowarrow,youmayturninthedirectionofthearrow,ifthewayisclear.Yieldtheright-of-waytovehiclescomingfromtheotherdirectionandpedestriansintheintersection.Besuretocheckforlessvisiblevehiclessuchasmotorcycles,bicycles,andmopeds.Ifatrafficlightchangesfromredtoflashingyellowarrowwhileapedestrianisintheintersection,allowthepedestriantocrossthestreetbeforeturning.闪烁的黄箭头：遇到闪烁的黄箭头，如果道路是通通畅的话你转向箭头所指的方向。让有来自其他方向有路权的车辆和在十字路口的行人。要确保查看较不易看到的车辆，如摩托车、自行车和轻骑。如果交通信号灯由红变黄色的闪烁箭头时一个行人正在十字路上，在转之前要允许行人通过马路。Greenlightorarrow:Atagreenlight,youmaygoifthewayisclear.Atagreenarrow,youmaygointhedirectionofthearrowifthewayisclear.Ifyouareturning,youmustyieldtheright-of-waytovehiclescomingfromtheotherdirectionandpedestriansintheintersection.Besuretocheckforlessvisiblevehiclessuchasmotorcycles,bicycles,andmopeds.Ifatrafficlightchangesfromredtogreenwhileapedestrianisinthestreet,allowthepedestriantocrossthestreetbeforeturning.绿灯或箭头：遇到绿灯，如果线路是畅通的，你可以行驶。遇到绿箭头，如果线路畅通，你可以按箭头方向行驶。如要转弯，你必须为其他方向驶来的车辆和路口内的行人让行。要确保查看较不易看到的车辆，如摩托车、自行车和轻骑。如果行人尚在街中时交通灯由红变绿，转弯之前要先让行人过街。Outofservicesignals:Whentrafficsignalsarenotworkingbecauseofapoweroutageorotherproblemandnotdisplayinganylights,youarerequiredtostop,proceedingthroughtheintersectionasthoughitwereanall-waystop.Thisdoesnotapplyifalawenforcementofficerorotherauthorizedpersonisdirectingtrafficattheintersection,orifportablestopsignsareinuse.信号灯故障：当交通信号灯出现能源故障或其他问题出现不显示或不亮导致无法运行，你应该停下来，在行进到十字路口时即使是所有的路都应该停止，这并不应用于有交通执法人员和其他授权人员在十字路口指挥交通，或是便携式“停止标志”在使用。Laneusesignalsindicatelaneswhereyoucanandcannotdriveduringdifferenthoursoftheday.车道信号在每天不同时段里指示你可以和不可以行驶的车道。这些信号经常用来翻转一个车