选举制度详细

UnitedStatesPresidentialelectionBasicintroductionQualificationsofapresidentTheprocessoftheelectionTwo-partysystemofAmericaUnitedStatesPresidentialelectionof2012BasicintroductionStartwiththeConstitution(宪法)TheelectiondayistheTuesdaybetweenNovember2ndand8th(thelastone:Nov.4th2008;thenextone:Nov6th,2012）CandidatesforPresidentandVice-PresidentRunTogether.(Inmostcases,thepresidentialcandidateselectavice-presidentialcandidatehimself.)TheConstitutionstatesthatsuffrage(选举权）cannotbedeniedongroundsofrace,color,sex,orage.WHOCANBEAPRESIDENT?Atleastthirty-fiveyearsofageatthetimeofnomination.He/SheshouldbeanaturalborncitizenoftheUnitedstates.ThecandidateshouldbearesidentoftheUnitedStatesforatleastfourteenyears1.Primaryelection预选2.Norminatingprocess总统选举人提名3.Running竞选运动4.GeneralElection全国选举5.inauguration总统就职仪式Eachstatestartstoconductpopularelectionstochoosetheirslateofelectors:indirectelectionsystem.ThemasselectorselectoralcollegeEachstatehasitsownelectors大规模的Eachpartyhasitsownelectoralcollege(选举委员会）Electors(ineachstate)Electoralcollege(ineachparty)PresidentialcandidateTheelectorsfromEachStatemakeuptheElectoralCollege“Themajorpoliticalpartieswillofficiallyholditspresidentialnominatingconventions.Inthisnominatingconventions,The“ElectoralCollege”VotesforthePresident.Normally,thecandidateforpresidentreceivingthemajority(50%)oftheelectoralvotesistheelectedpresident.Thecandidatesofthemajorpartieswillgotomanystatestowinthesupportersbymeansof：campaigningtripstodifferentstatesaddressingTVspeechesshowingonTVdebates.Thesemediatoolsplayanimportantroleinrunning(宣传造势）.Thisprocesscostslots.•OnthefirstTuesdayafterthefirstMondayinNovemberinanelectionyear,voterscastballotsforPresidentandVicePresident.•ThevotersdonotvotedirectlyforthePresidentandVicePresident,Theyvoteforelectorswhoarenamedbythetwoparties,andtheelectorswill,inturn,voteforthePresidentialcandidateoftheirownparty,thewinningcandidateisalreadyelectedwhentheelectorsarechosenontheelectionday.5.Inauguration:JanuaryinthenextyearThisprocessissimplyaformality.OnthefirstMondayafterthesecondWednesdayofDecemberinanelectionyear,theelectorsmeetinthecapitaloftheirownstateandvoteforPresidentandVicePresident.ThePresidentialandVicePresidentialcandidateswhogetthemajorityoftheelectoralvotesareelectedPresidentandVicePresident.Thenewly-electedPresidenttakesupofficeonJanuary20thofthenextyear.TheRepublicanpartyTheDemocratpartydignitystrengthsmartbravewisdompartyemblemPartiesTheRepublicansTheDemocratsSymbols__________DonkeyIdeasconservative__________Economicideafree____________________interventionSocialissuesOpposelargegovernmentalsocialsecurityprograms__________astrongsocialsecuritysystemPoliticalsupportbusinessgroupsthelessprivilegedElephantliberalmarketGovernmentSupportUnitedStatespresidentialelectionof2012ThenextUnitedStatespresidentialelectionistobeheldonTuesday,November6,2012.IncumbentPresidentBarackObamaisrunningforasecondandfinaltermduringthiselection.HismajorchallengerisformerMassachusettsGovernor,RepublicanMittRomney.•the70thGovernorofMassachusetts(马萨诸塞州）from2003to2007•HeranfortheRepublicannominationinthe2008U.S.presidentialelection,buthelostthenominationtoJohnMcCain.•InJune2011,heannouncedthathewouldseekthe2012Republicanpresidentialnomination.TheresultsofthecaucusesandprimarieshaveplacedhimastheclearleaderandinApril2012,theRepublicanNationalCommitteedeclaredhimthepresumptivenominee.BriefintroductionaboutMittRomneyWillardMittRomneyPersonaldetails:(bornMarch12,1947)isanAmericanbusinessmanandpolitician.FirstPresidentialDebate:Obamavs.RomneyThisdebateandthenextthree--twopresidential,onevicepresidential--aresponsoredbytheCommissiononPresidentialDebates.Tonight's90minuteswillbeaboutdomesticissuesandwillfollowaformatdesignedbythecommission.Therewillbesixroughly15-minutesegmentswithtwo-minuteanswersforthefirstquestion,thenopendiscussionfortheremainderofeachsegment.ThousandsofpeopleofferedsuggestionsonsegmentsubjectsorquestionsviatheInternetandothermeans,butImadethefinalselections.Andfortherecord,theywerenotsubmittedforapprovaltothecommissionorthecandidates.ThesegmentsasIannouncedinadvancewillbethreeontheeconomyandoneeachonhealthcare,theroleofgovernmentandgoverning,withanemphasisthroughoutondifferences,specificsandchoices.Bothcandidateswillalsohavetwo-minuteclosingstatements.奥巴马罗姆尼开打辩论战盘点双方政见理念差异综观选举备战阶段，罗姆尼和奥巴马分饰“挑战者”和“守擂主”的角色，穿梭于各州拉拢选民，政见上的显著差异早已显现，互相批驳的火药味也日趋浓烈。经济罗姆尼：减税减少政府干预奥巴马：增税加强金融监管医改罗姆尼：反对全民医保称挤压财政项目经费空间奥巴马：支持全民医保为穷人看病提供保障外交罗姆尼：被指具有小布什单边主义倾向奥巴马：借“巧实力”展开务实外交军事罗姆尼：保持强大军力必要时出兵奥巴马：进行裁军“重返亚太进行再平衡”中新网10月16日电据美国媒体16日报道，美国奥巴马和共和党总统候选人罗姆尼之间的竞选日趋激烈，决定大选结果的选举人票现在相当接近。目前奥巴马的选举人票数仅超过罗姆尼10张，胜负差距已缩小到危险范围。据美国新闻网站收集的各州民调平均值显示，奥巴马领先的州一共有201张选举人票，而罗姆尼领先的州共有191张选举人票。要想取得大选的胜利，必须赢得270张选举人票。但在近一个月前，该调查显示，奥巴马以265张选举人票领先于罗姆尼的191张。罗姆尼在10月3日首场辩论中表现强劲，令他在一系列的全国民调和州内民调中拉近了与奥巴马之间的差距。据该新闻网站对美国民调进行平均之后，罗姆尼以47.3%支持率领先于奥巴马的45.9%。盖洛普的最新民调也显示，罗姆尼以49%比47%领先奥巴马。此前有分析称，美国总统大选迈入最后4周的关键时刻，而未来8天更是“关键中的关键”。首次辩论后民调显示，在俄州及其它陷入激战的各州，罗姆尼的支持度都在上升。目前奥巴马支持率领先各州的选举人票数，胜负差距已缩小到危险范围。根据美国宪法，美国总统选举实行选举人团制度，总统由各州议会选出的选举人团