Emily-Dickinson-写作特点分析

1ReflectiononFeaturesofEmilyDickinson’sPoemsEmilyDicksonwasabrilliantpoetinAmericanliterature.ShestayedalmostallherlifeinthesameyardexceptforavisitofafewweekstoWashington,D.C.andshenevermarried.ShestudiedatAmherstAcademy,whichwasstronglyCongregational.Butsherefusedtoobserveitsreligiouscustoms.SheisanAmericanpoetinthemeandtechnique.HerpoemsarepartsofwhatF.O.Matthiessenterms“AmericanRenaissance.”HereIwanttotalkaboutthesubjectsandfeaturesofherpoems.ThesubjectmatterofEmily’spoemsismainlyaboutdeath,eternity,nature,religionlove,andagony..Thefirstoneisnature.AsImentionedbefore,Emilypreferredtoliveaprivatelife,soshedidn’tknowwhathappenedintheoutsideworldandwhatshecaredwerejustherinnerworldandherfriends.Sheobservednaturecloselyanddescribeditvividly.Naturalphenomena,changesofseasons,heavenlybodies,animals,birdsandinsects,flowersofvariouskinds,alltheseandmanyothersubjectsrelatedtonaturefindtheirwayintoherpoetry.Takethe204forinstant.“Aslashofblue---/asweepofgray/somescarletpatchesontheway/Composeaneveningsky…Abankofday/thisjustmakesoutthemorningsky.”Shedescribedthebeautifulsceneryofthedawnandduskinaminutewayandsheusedthebanktoseparatethedayandnight.Thesecondisdeath,whichtakesalargeproportioninherpoems.Thereweresomeimportantfriendsinherlife,suchasBenjaminNewtonandCharlesWadsworth.TheydiedbeforeEmily,whichmadeherverysadandclosetothefeelingofdeath.In1732,“Mylifeclosedtwicebeforeitsclose/inyetremaintosee/Ifimmortalityunveil/Athirdeventtome”,there“twice”meansthedeathofNewtonandWadsworthwhoareEmily’s“tutors”.Fromherpoems,wecanfindthatEmilydescribedDeathvividly,justlikeshehasdiedonce.Sheevenwrotethedeathofherself,“Iheardaflybuzz…whenIdied”.Thethirdoneiseternity.In449,“IdiedforBeauty/butwasscarce…andI---diedfortruth---themslefareone---/WeBretheren,are”,shethoughtthattheeternitywasthecombinationofTruthandBeauty.Theytalkedbetweenthetombswhichreflectedthefirstprincipleofpoems,writingwiththetruefeelingandthebeautystemsfromthat.Anotherisreligion.Shewroteaboutherdoubtandbeliefaboutreligioussubjects.AsImentioned,Emilywasborninareligiousfamilyandtaughtinaschoolwithstrongreligiousatmosphere.Shestillinfluencedbyreligiousbelief.Shewrote“JesusPermitThyGracious/Nametostand/AstheFirsteffortsofaninfantshand”whenshewasfifteen.Butshedidn’tbelieveit.ShereadBibleandknewsomereligiousknowledgebecauseofherfamily.ManypoemsofherhadusedtheallusionofBible.“Faithisa2fineinvention/WhenGentlemancansee/ButMicroscopesareprudent/InanEmergency”.Thereusedtheallusionof“seeingwiththeeyesoffaiths”totellthosewhodidn’tbelieveGodshouldobservetheworldwithotherways.Inherlaterpoems,agonytakesalargepart.Theagonymaycomefromhertragicloveexperienceandthedeathofherfriends.Itmaybecomesfromthecontradictionofherreligiousbelief.Andshewasagirlofintroversionandherlifewasmoreorlessclosedfromtheoutsideworld.In241,“IlikealookofAgony/BecauseIknowit’strue/MendonotshamConvulsion/Norsimulate,aThroe---”,shethoughtthatlifewasfullofagonyandagonyismorerealcomparedwithhappiness.ThesubjectlovehasspecialmeaningtoEmily,inmyopinion.Asawoman,shedidn’tmarryallherlife.Thoughhadexperiencedromanticrelationship,shewasstillaloneanddecidedtobesingle.Shewaseagertolove,whichcouldbeseenfromherdescriptionofthehappytimeoflovers.Shehadherownopinionaboutlove.Thestyleofherlovepoemsarecriticizedbyothersfortheeroticimage.Shewasveryoriginal.From“Love---isanteriortolife---/Posterior---toDeath---InitialofCreation,and---/TheExponentofEarth---”,shereflectedhervalueoflove.Inherthoughts,lovewasloyalandsteadfast.Inthisshortpoem,loveistogetherwithreligion.Maybeawomanwritermakesthepoemofloveveryvividbecausewomanhasamoresensitiveandminuteheartthanmen.Aftertalkingaboutthesubjectsofherpoems,I’dliketosaysomethingaboutthefeaturesofherpoems.Informsofherpoems,themostobviousfeatureofherpomesisnotitled.Shehadwrittenover1,700poems,noneofthemhadatitle.Theyarenamedbynumbersandquotedbythefirstline.Suchasherfamousone,“Successiscountedsweetest”.Anotheristhatdashesareusedasamusicaldevicetocreatecadenceandcapitallettersaremeansofemphasis.Therearemanydashesinherpoems,thenumberofwhichismuchmorethancommasandfullpoints.Itseemsthatshedidn’tliketouseotherpunctuations.Theuseoflettersisnotofregular.Inonesentence,therecanbemanycapitalletterswhichisquitedifferentfromtheformaluse.Herpoemsareusuallyshort,rarelymorethantwentylines,andmanyofthemarecenteredonasingleimageorsymbolandfocusedononesubjectmatter.Herpoeticidiomisnotedforitslaconicbrevity,directnessandplainness.Thesefeaturesareeasilyfoundineachofherpoems.Fourlinesofherpoemsareusuallyonestanza,suchas“Hopeisthethingwithfeathers/Thatperchesinthesoul/Andsingsthetunewithoutthewords/Andneverstopatall”.Buttherearesomeexceptionsthatoneortwolinesmakeuponestanza.Theformofherpoemsislikethehymnsincommunitychurches,familiarcommunalandsometimesirregular.Herpoemsarealmostwithrhymes.Take1129asexample,“TellalltheTruthbuttellitsslant/SuccessinCircuitlies/Toobrightforourinfirm3Delight/TheTruth’ssuperbsurprise”.Heretherhymeswordsare“slant”and“Delight”,“lies”and“surprise”.Thebasictoneofherpoemsistragic,becauseCalvin