高考书面表达应试指导课件

书面表达篇常见错误有以下几个方面：1.审题错误抓不住文章的所要写的要点例文（1）中国学生通常过生日的方式，如生日聚会、生日礼物、生日祝福等；（2）我认为有意义的庆祝方式以及这样做的目的或理由。ChineseBirthdayFirstletmeshowyousomethingabouttheChinesebirthday.Usuallyitincludesthreeparts:party,giftandgoodrewards.Onthebirthday,weoftenwearourfavoriteclothes,whichmakesusveryhappy.Wealsowillorganizeabirthdaypartyintheevening.Attheparty,we’llpreparelotsofdeliciousfoods,especiallythebirthdaycake.Thenwewilleatthecake.Wesinganddancetogether.Atlast,we’lltakethegifttothepersonwhowasbornonthatday.Inthegifttherewillbeacard,onwhichareourbestwishes.2.格式错误不熟悉常见应用文的格式需要熟练掌握的应用文有：书信、日记、通知（分书面通知和口头通知）Receiver’saddressDateDear…,Bodyoftheletter…Sincerely/TrulyYours,Writer’snameSaturday,February14th.2007,SunnyThebodyoftheyourdiary…Boysandgirls,mayIhaveyourattention,please?/Attentionplease,everyone.………That’sall.Thankyou!口头通知书面通知Notice……Student’sUnion3.词法错误1)用词重复如：returnback;repeatagain;ChinesestudentsinChinahaveourownwaytocelebratebirthday.2)用词不当如：把bring写成“take”，“get”，“fetch”等把欢迎某人到我校写成welcomeyoutovisitourschool正确的说法是：Youarewelcometovisitourschool.或Welcometoourschool.3)词性混淆A.不及物动词当成及物动词：例如：ishappened/isbelongedto/come(to)thecity/return(to)theplaceB.把形容词用作动词如：例如：Thiswillhappytheforeignvisitors.Pleasereadyasmallgift.C.不可数名词用成可数名词：例如:makeagreatprogresswhatafineweatherday!D.形容词和副词的使用错误例如：workhardlytalkfriendlyDon’ttakeitserious.4）虚词错误A.冠词的漏用和误用例如：Sendhimaemail.B.介词使用错误例如：Theyhadtowaitthebusunderthehotsun.underthesun:普天之下5）拼写错误把礼物present写成peasant–parents,pleasant,如把present写成parents那行文就成了pleasebringalongyoursmallparentsforthispurpose.Remembertowrapitup.signyournameandwriteafewwordsofgoodwishes.注意同形词:model-medal-mental-metaleffort-effect-offer-affectabroad-board-broad-aboardstrict-strike-stick注意易拼错单词：modern,government,destroy,true,official等4.句法错误1）连词错误如：because与so;although/though与but同时使用。或两个句子之间没有连词，如：HelikesEnglish,IlikeMaths.2)汉式英语如：“晚会将在主楼花园顶上举行。”写成”Thepartywillinthemainbuildingroofgardenheld.”“操场上有五个学生在踢足球。”写成“Ontheplaygroundtherearefivestudentsplayfootball.”把Therewillbeaparty写成Therewillhaveaparty.3）句子前后不一致学生常常容易在文章中的时态、语态、人称、主谓一致出现错误。如：Theplacecansolvetheproblem.Thebookwasdisappearedlastweek.MrSmith,withhiswife,havearrivedinShanghai.IwillgotovisityouassoonasIwillreturntoChina.Youshouldworkhard.Ifnot,wewillfailtopasstheexam.四．对策１．词汇是保证，语法是基础，句型是关键２．如何写好句子写好句子有许多方法和技巧，谈谈句子的基本结构及与汉语的一些区别。A.确定主语英语句子无论多长都有自己的主语（祈使句除外）。动手写句子首先要确定主语，其次要特别注意汉语与英语的区别。其中几点请学生注意：A.汉语中的主语不一定是英文中的主语。例如：北京八月多雨。英文中不说“BeijingrainsmuchinAugust.”而说“ItrainsmuchinBeijinginAugust.”英文中主谓语有时需要倒装，汉语则不需要。例如：OnlythendidIrealizehowimportantitistostudyEnglishB.动词是关键英文中没有动词就构不成句子，但英语动词千变万化，稍不注意就会写错句子。在写句子时应特别注意以下几个方面。注意及物与不及物动词的正确运用。注意非延续性动词的用法。注意一些不可用作被动语态的动词。注意一些动词的特殊用法。注意那些汉译意思相同实际用法不同的词。注意动词的时态及时态的一致。注意部分常用动词及动词词组的辨异，否则，差之毫厘，谬以千里，以下是一些容易混淆的动词词组。betiredof因……烦恼betiredfrom因……感到累wear穿（状态）puton穿（动作）becomparedwith与……比较becomparedto把……比作bemadefrom由……制作（改变本质）bemadeupof由……构成bemadeof由……制成(不改变本质)find找（结果）lookfor找（动作）lookat看（动作）see看（结果）beusedto习惯于usedto过去常常1）“启”---创造良好开端常用表达“启”的过渡词语和词组有:inthefirstplace,firstofall,firstly,generallyspeaking,tostartwith,tobeginwith等。常用表达“启”的句型有:asisknowntoall/asweallknow;astheproverbsays;itisoftensaidthat…;asanewwaysof…;therehavebeenmanychanges…;itisclear/obvious等。3．用好“启、承、转。合”的词语和句子例句：（天津）Asweallknow,wearewhatweeat.Therefore,it’sveryimportantforustoformhealthyeatinghabits.(北京）It’softensaidthatallworkwithoutplaymakesJackadullboy.Astheproverbsays,nopains,nogains.2）“承”---顺势承上启下常用表达“承”的过渡词语和词组有：secondly;inaddition;besides;furthermore;moreover;whatismore;whatisworse,forexample;inotherwords,especially,particularly,obviously,atthesametime,nodoubt等常用表达“启”的句型有:comparedwiththat…;asfarasIknow;Itistruethat…;Itisknowntoallthat…;Itcanbeeasilyprovedthat…;thereasonwhy….;Thereisnodoubtthat…;Itisnowonderthat…;whatismoreseriousisthat…等。例句：（湖北）Itisknowntousthatsomestudentscheatinexaminationatschool.(福建)AsfarasIknow,Englishlearningshouldstartfromchildhood.3）“转”---巧妙转折过渡常用表达“转”的过渡词语和词组有：but,however,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,inanycase,or,orelse,while,despite,inspiteof,regardlessof,instead常用表达“转”的句型有:Everycoinhastwosides.Butfor…,Iwouldnever…;anotherexampleisthat…;Takingeverythingintoconsideration;That’swhyIfeelthat…等例句：Butforhishelp,Iwouldneversucceedinmyexperiment.Takingeverythingintoconsideration,youhavetoworkmuchhardthanbeforetowinthecompetition.4）“合”---完美结束全文常用表达“合”的过渡词语和词组有：inaword,ingeneral,inshort,aboveall,finally,inconclusion,atlast,insummary,asaresult,aboveall,onthewhole等常用表达“合”的句型有:somethingmustbedoneto….;itcanbesafelyconcludedfrom…that…;inmyopinion;wecandrawtheconclusionthat…itmaybebrieflysummedupasfollows等例句Wecandrawtheconclusionthatgoodmannersarisefrompolitenessandrespectforothers.Somethingmustbedone/somemeasuresmustbetakentoimproveourenvironment.Itmaybebrieflysummedupasfollows:it’shightimethatourgovernmenttooksomemeasurestoimproveourenvironmentA.”启“根据所给提示句型完成下列句子：1.Firstofall,youshould…首先你们必须在用餐前洗手。2.Someofusthinkthatit’sbetterto…我们有些人认为看电影比读原著好。3.Tosomeextent,theway…我们的交际方式在一定程度上取决于我们的文化。B.”承“1.________（加之，而且），Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.2._________(此外）,